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Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences 2014年第1期4卷 25-35页

作者： Wiwid Pranata Putra Azlan Kamari Siti Najiah mohd Yusoff Che Fauziah Ishak Azmi Mohamed Norhayati Hashim Illyas md Isa Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tg. Malim Perak Malaysia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tg. Malim Perak Malaysia Nanotechnology Research Centre Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tg. Malim Perak Malaysia Department of Land Management Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Malaysia

The efficacy of coconut tree sawdust (CTS), eggshell (ES) and sugarcane bagasse (SB) as alternative low-cost biosorbents for the removal of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) ions from aqueous solutions was investigated. Batch adsorption studies were carried out to evaluate the effects of solution pH and initial metal concentration on adsorption capacity. The optimum biosorption condition was found at pH 6.0, 0.1 g biomass dosage and at 90 min equilibrium time. The adsorption data were fitted to the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The adsorption capacity and affinity of CTS, ES and SB were evaluated. The Freundlich constant (n) and separation factor (RL) values suggest that the metal ions were favourably adsorbed onto biosorbents. The maximum adsorption capacities (Q) estimated from the Langmuir isotherm model for Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) were 3.89, 25.00 and 23.81 mg/g for CTS, 34.48, 90.90 and 35.71 mg/g for ES, and 3.65, 21.28 and 40.00 mg/g for SB, respectively. The characterisation studies were performed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR). Interaction with metal ions led to the formation of discrete aggregates on the biosorbents surface. The metal ions bound to the active sites of the biosorbents through either electrostatic attraction or complexation mechanism.

关键词： Adsorption Characterisation Metal Ions Coconut Tree Sawdust Eggshell Sugarcane Bagasse

Nicotine Content in Electronic Cigarette Refill Solutions and Its Release in Aerosols

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第10期10卷 1317-1332页

作者： Sharifah Mazrah Sayed Mohamed Zain Sara Khalida Jamal Khair Nadia Mohamad mohd Fairulnizal md. Noh Dinash Aravind Radhakrishnan Environmental Health Research Centre Institute for Medical Research Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Nutrition Metabolic and Cardiovascular Research Centre Institute for Medical Research Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia.

Electronic cigarette (EC) is a device that imitates conventional cigarettes, which vaporizes a solution, with or without nicotine. This study evaluates the nicotine levels in EC refill solutions, its release in aerosols and comparison to the amount stated on the label. Seventy-two (72) different EC refill solutions were obtained from local shops in Selangor, Malaysia consisting of 40 nicotine-containing (3 - 12 mg) and 32 nicotine-free (0 mg) solutions. Aerosols were obtained by using an air tight syringe connected to an EC device to draw aerosol through an XAD-4 sorbent tube that trapped the nicotine. Nicotine in solution and aerosol samples are analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry equipment. Quantified nicotine in 40 nicotine-containing solutions ranged from 0.224 - 17.306 mg/mL. Nicotine is detected in 3 of the 32 nicotine-free solutions. Percentage of nicotine released into aerosols from refill solutions varied from 0.54% - 28.2%. Out of the 40 samples, thirty-two (32) had nicotine content that violated by more than ±10% from the value on the label. In comparing the labels, 19 samples have 0.3% - 77% higher nicotine level and 13 samples have 0.2% - 96.3% lower nicotine content. The inconsistency between the labelled and true levels of nicotine content indicates that commercial information may be misleading. The presence of nicotine in the nicotine-free refill solutions and higher nicotine content in aerosols may be addictive and may have negative health effects on users.

关键词： Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Tobacco Products Tobacco Industry Vapers

Removal of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Selected Agricultural Wastes: Adsorption and Characterisation Studies

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第4期5卷 289-300页

作者： Siti Najiah mohd Yusoff Azlan Kamari Wiwid Pranata Putra Che Fauziah Ishak Azmi Mohamed Norhayati Hashim Illyas md Isa 1Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tg. Malim Perak Malaysia 2Nanotechnology Research Centre Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tg. Malim Perak Malaysia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tg. Malim Perak Malaysia Department of Land Management Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Malaysia

The feasibility of durian tree sawdust (DTS), coconut coir (CC) and oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) as low-cost biosorbents for the removal of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) ions from aqueous solutions was investigated. The effects of solution pH and initial metal concentration on adsorption capacity were examined in batch experiments. The affinity and the adsorption capacity of DTS, CC and EFB were evaluated. The adsorption behaviour of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) ions onto DTS, CC and EFB was described using Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The separation factor (RL) analysis suggests that the removal of metal ions onto three agricultural wastes studied was favourable. The maximum adsorption capacities (Q) estimated from the Langmuir isotherm model for Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) were 18.42, 20.37 and 22.78 mg/g for DTS, 18.38, 37.04 and 24.39 mg/g for CC, and 26.95, 37.59 and 21.19 mg/g for EFB, respectively. The characterisation studies were carried out using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR). The surface morphology of the biosorbents changed significantly following interaction with metal ions. The primary adsorption mechanism was complexation between metal ions and binding sites of biosorbents. Both hydroxyl and amine groups are the main binding sites in DTS, CC and EFB.

关键词： Adsorption Characterisation Metals Durian Tree Sawdust Coconut Coir Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch

Toxicity of selected insecticides against nymph of whitefly （Bemisia tabaci Gennadius）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2009年第4期3卷 32-39页

作者： Hazmi Awang Damit Fauziah Ismail Low Seng Mook Siti Noor Hajjar md Latip mohd Rasdi Zaini Fairuz Khalid Kamaruzaman Jusoff Faculty of Applied Science Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor 40450 Malaysia Faculty of Applied Science Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang 40450 Selangor 40450 Malaysia Department of Forest Production Faculty of Forestry Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor 43400 Malaysia

Bemisia tabaci is one of serious insect pests attacking vegetables and has been difficult to control using conventional insecticides. In the past 10 years, new insecticides have been introduced that provide a diversity of novel modes of action and routes of activity to effectively control whitefly. Consequently, intensive used of insecticides in vegetable cultivation has resulted in reduced susceptibility and develops resistance in agriculture industry. In controlling B. tabaci population, insecticides are the common method used by farmers. This study aimed to determine the most effective insecticide against B tabaci by using LC5o value. This study was conducted at the Crop Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia with the controlled room temperature of 24.33 ± 0.14℃ with dark and light ratio of 1：1 （12 hours： 12 hours） is an ideal condition for rearing the insect. The hypothesis of the study is to test if insecticides can control the nymph of whitefly. A total of 50 two-day-old nymphs were treated with insecticides using leaf-dip bioassay procedure. This experiment was replicated three times. The survival rates of the nymphs were analyzed using analysis of variance （ANOVA）. Data on toxicity was analyzed by a special Probit Programme-Single Line Analysis based on Finney （1971）. There was a significant difference （df = 8, F = 85.84, P = 0.000） in survival rate of nymph ofB. tabaci to eight insecticides tested. Among the insecticides tested, dimethoate, chlorpyrifos ＋ cypermethrin and diafenthiuron showed significantly higher survival rate of nymph compared to other treatments. When LC50 values were compared for diafenthiuron which is less potent （LCs0 ---- 2.44）, abamectin was found to be 3.44 times more potent than diafenthiuron, followed by esfenvalerate,acetamiprid, profenofos, chlorpyrifos ＋ cypermethrin and dimethoate, and the least potent was deltamethrin. The toxicity of eight insecticides tested against nymphs was

关键词： toxicity insecticide lethal concentration relativepotency whitefly

Tabletting Characteristics of the Selected Malaysian Herbs

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2013年第5期3卷 255-266页

作者： Yus Aniza Yusof Chin Nyuk Ling mohd Shamsul Anuar Sobah Ahmad Rohaiza Abdullah Che Rodiziah md Nor Mohammad Gulzarul Aziz Department of Process and Food Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang SelangorMalaysia Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh

This work describes a study of tabletting of selected Malaysian herbs such as Eurycoma longifolia Jack, Ficus deltoidea and Morinda citrifolia. These herbs are famous for their therapeutic properties and are used as herbal medicine or as medicinal food. A cylindrical uniaxial die of 13 mm was used to compress the herb powders into tablets. Pressures ranging from 7.5 MPa to 75 MPa were applied using a universal testing machine. Two feed weights, 0.5 g and 1.0 g, were used to produce the tablets. A binder, the microcrystalline cellulose known as Avicel, was used to investigate its effect on tabletting. Properties associated with both the binder and the compounds were studied, and binary mixtures with compositions ranging from 10% to 60% were examined. The strength of the herb tablets was then tested using an indirect tensile strength test. Upon compression, the Morinda citrifolia powder showed the highest density compared to that of Avicel. However, due to its high elasticity, the tensile strength of the Morinda citrifolia tablet was the lowest. The experimental data were also verified using an established model for compression property development. The results indicated that this simple approach can be used to understand the tabletting characteristics of these herbs.

关键词： Eurycoma longifolia Jack Ficus deltoidea Morinda citrifolia tabletting tensile strength

Guidelines from an expert panel for the management of diabetic macular edema in the Malaysian population

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第5期16卷 712-720页

作者： Nor Fariza Ngah Nor Asiah Muhamad Shelina Oli Mohamed Roslin Azni Abdul Aziz Nur Hasnah Ma’amor Nor Azita Ahmad Tarmidzi Hanizasurana Hashim Hamisah Ishak Wan Norliza Wan Muda Rosiah Muda Azian Adnan Rafidah md Saleh Wong Hon Seng Nurfahzura mohd Jamil Tara Mary George Adrian Koh Institute for Clinical Research National Institutes of HealthMinistry of HealthSelangor 40170Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Shah Alam HospitalMinistry of HealthSelangor 40000Malaysia Sector for Evidence-based Healthcare National Institutes of HealthMinistry of HealthSelangor 40170Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Kuala Lumpur HospitalMinistry of HealthFederal Territory 50586Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Selayang HospitalMinistry of HealthSelangor 61800Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Tengku Ampuan Afzan HospitalMinistry of HealthPahang 25100Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Sultanah Nur Zahirah HospitalMinistry of HealthKuala Terengganu 20400Malaysia KPJ Selangor Specialist Hospital Selangor 40300Malaysia Sultan Abdul Aziz shah Hospital Selangor 43400Malaysia Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory 50450Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Sungai Buloh HospitalMinistry of HealthSelangor 47000Malaysia Sunway Medical Centre Selangor 47500Malaysia Camden Medical Centre Singapore 248649Singapore

AIM:To derive a Malaysia guideline and consensus as part of the Malaysia Retina Group's efforts for diagnosis,treatment,and best practices of diabetic macular edema(DME).The experts'panel suggests that the treatment algorithm to be divided into groups according to involvement the central *** purpose of DME therapy is to improve edema and achieve the best visual results with the least amount of treatment ***:On two different occasions,a panel of 14 retinal specialists from Malaysia,together with an external expert,responded to a questionnaire on management of DME.A consensus was sought by voting after compiling,analyzing and discussion on first-phase replies on the round table discussion.A recommendation was deemed to have attained consensus when 12 out of the 14 panellists(85%)agreed with ***:The terms target response,adequate response,nonresponse,and inadequate response were developed when the DME patients'treatment responses were first *** panelists reached agreement on a number of DME treatment-related issues,including the need to classify patients prior to treatment,firstline treatment options,the right time to switch between treatment modalities,and side effects associated with *** this agreement,recommendations were derived and a treatment algorithm was ***:A detail and comprehensive treatment algorithm by Malaysia Retina Group for the Malaysian population provides guidance for treatment allocation of patients with DME.

关键词： diabetic macular edema guidelines consensus diabetic retinopathy Malaysia

Impact of Climate Change on Regional Hydroclimate Projection in Peninsular Malaysia

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第1期1卷 41-45页

作者： mohd Ekhwan Toriman Mazlin Bin Mokhtar Rahmah E1-fithri NorAzlina Abdul Aziz md．Pauzi Abdullah Muhamad Barzani Gasim School of Development and Environmental Studies FSSK University Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi Selangor 43600Malaysia Institute for Environment and Development LESrARO University Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi Selango 43600Malaysia School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology University Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi Selangor 43600Malaysia School of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource University Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi Selangor 43600Malaysia

For the assessment of the impact of future climate change on the hydrologic regime and water resources of Peninsular Malaysia, it is necessary to downscale the climate change simulations of a coarse scale General Circulation Model to the region of Peninsular Malaysia at fine grid resolution. This paper presents a desktop review of the state of climate change parameters, namely rainfall and river flow over the Peninsular Malaysia for the 2041-2050 projection period. Analysis of the results from the models shows there will be a substantial increase in mean monthly precipitation over the North East Coastal region from historical 259.5 mm to 281.5 mm, from 289.0 mm to 299.0 mm and 221.8 mm to 239.5 mm over Terengganu and Kelantan, respectively. Meanwhile, for river flow projection, it will be an expected increase in interannual and intraseasonal variability with increased hydrologic extremes （higher high flows, and lower low flows） at Kelantan, Pahang, Terengganu, and Kedah watersheds in the future.

关键词： Climate change peninsular Malaysia rainfall river flow.

<i>In-Situ</i>Impregnation of Copper Nanoparticles on Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Powder

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2014年第3期3卷 65-71页

作者： Ridzuan Ramli md. Maksudur Rahman Khan Rosli mohd Yunus Huei Ruey Ong Rohaya Mohamed Halim Astimar Abdul Aziz Zawawi Ibrahim Nahrul Hayawin Zainal Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Kuantan Malaysia Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) No. 6 Persiaran Institusi Kajang Malaysia Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) No. 6 Persiaran Institusi Kajang Malaysia Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Kuantan Malaysia

Copper nanoparticles were impregnated onto oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) powders via in-situ sol-gel method. The impregnation and interfacial interaction of copper nanoparticles with EFB were analysed by fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The interaction of copper nanoparticles with the surface functional groups of EFB powders was identified by FTIR analysis. The peak shift of O-H and C-O functional groups indicated the interaction between EFB and copper nanoparticles. Besides that, XRD and EDX analysis confirmed the formation of copper nanoparticles on EFB powder. Due to the copper impregnation, the crystallinity of the EFB was increased as shown by XRD. The particles size of nanoparticles was analysed via TEM and AFM where the sizes were in the range of 60 - 100 nm. These findings strongly suggest that, copper nanoparticles impregnated EFB powders can be synthesized via in- situ sol gel method.

关键词： Copper Nanoparticles In-Situ Empty Fruit Bunch Sol-Gel

Design and Ergonomics Analysis of Cutter Machine Locking Device in Aerospace Industry

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材料科学与工程（中英文版） 2011年第2期5卷 145-154页

作者： Shafizal Mat mohd Azli Salim Wan mohd Farid Wan Mohamad md. Saifuddin md Yusop Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Hang Tuah Jaya 76100 Durian Tunggal MelakaMalasia

Ergonomics has been used since 1850s and the application is widely used in aerospace industry, health care institution, information technology company, product design, transportation agency, training institution, nuclear engineering, virtual environmental and many more. Ergonomics is a science of designing the job, equipment and workplace to fit the workers environmental for more comfortable during the working duration. Since it related to the industry, this study is focused more to the mechanical device that is used at heavy aerospace engineering industry which is locking device design. This device is important to this industry because it is more related to safety procedure for workers during operation of certain machines. This study is aimed to improve the design of locking device for aerospace industry in term of ergonomics evaluation. Six conceptual designs were proposed and evaluated using scoring matrix technique. All of these designs were developed using computer aided design software and the highest score from the scoring matrix was proposed to replace the current device. Ergonomics analysis which is rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) is performed to evaluate the ergonomics design. From the analysis, it shows that the result of proposed design is better than existing design with highest score of 8 were reduced to score of 1 and 2. This means that the design is acceptable due to body posture of human parts from ergonomics evaluation.

关键词： Locking device aerospace industry rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) finite element analysis (FEA)