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Peat properties of a tropical forest reserve adjacent to a fire-break canal

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 155-167页

作者： Dayang Nur Sakinah Musa mohd Zahirasri mohd Tohir Xinyan Huang Luqman Chuah Abdullah Mohamad Syazaruddin md Said Muhammad Firdaus Sulaiman Safety Engineering Interest Group(SEIG) Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia International Tropical Forestry Programme Faculty of Tropical ForestryUniversiti Malaysia SabahSabahMalaysia Department of Land Management Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangorMalaysia Research Centre for Fire Safety Engineering Department of Building Environment and Energy EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

Tropical peat comprises decomposed dead plant material and acts like a sponge to absorb water,making it fully ***,drought periods dry it readily and increases its vulnerability to *** fires emit greenhouse gases and particles contributing to haze,and prevention by constructing fire-break canals to reduce fire spread into forest reserves is *** paper aims to determine peat physical and chemical properties near a fire-break canal at different fire frequency *** sampling was conducted at two forest reserves in Malaysia which represent low fire frequency and high fire frequency *** results show that peat properties were not affected by the construction of a fire-break canal,however lignin and cellulose content increased significantly from the distance of the canal in both *** study concluded that fire frequency did not significantly influence peat properties except for *** higher fibre content in the high frequency area did not influence moisture content nor the ability to regain ***,fire frequency might contribute differently to changes in physical and chemical properties,hence management efforts to construct fire-break canals and restoration efforts should protect peatlands from further *** findings will benefit future management and planning for forest reserves.

关键词： Peat fire Peat properties Fire-break canals Forest reserves

Application of Polygonum minus Extract in Enhancing Drought Tolerance in Maize by Regulating Osmotic and Antioxidant System

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第2期93卷 213-226页

作者： Mingzhao Han Susilawati Kasim Zhongming Yang Xi Deng md Kamal Uddin Noor Baity Saidi Effyanti mohd Shuib Department of Land Management Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory Institute of BioscienceUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

Drought stress is a major factor affecting plant growth and crop yield *** extracts as natural biostimulants hold great potential to strengthen plants to overcome drought *** explore the effect of Polygonum minus extract(PME)in enhancing drought tolerance in plants,a study was set up in a glasshouse environment using 10 different treatment *** foliar application were designed in CRD and effects were closely observed related to the growth,physiology,and antioxidant system changes in maize(Zea mays L.)under well-watered and drought *** seaweed extract(SWE)was used as a *** subjected to drought stress exhibited a significant reduction in fresh weight,dry weight,relative water content(RWC),and soluble sugar,but they stimulated the phenolic,flavonoid,proline,glutathione(GSH),malondialdehyde(mdA)and antioxidant enzyme(catalase,CAT;peroxidase,POD;superoxide dismutase,SOD)*** application of PME improved fresh and dry weight(FW:33.1%~41.4%;DW:48.0%~43.1%),chlorophyll content(Chl b:87.9%~100.76%),soluble sugar(23.6%~49.3%),and soluble protein(48.6%~56.9%)as well as antioxidant enzyme activities(CAT and POD)compared to CK under drought *** decreasing the level of ***,the mitigating effect of PME application with high concentration was more effective than those of *** study reveals that PME could alleviate drought stress by regulating osmoprotectant content and antioxidant defense system and can be used as an economical and environmentally friendly biostimulants for promoting maize growth under drought stress.

关键词： Drought biostimulants photosynthesis osmoprotectants antioxidants maize

Bilateral Coupled Epsilon Negative Metamaterial for Dual Band Wireless Communications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 1263-1281页

作者： md Mhedi Hasan Mohammad Tariqul Islam md Moniruzzaman mohd Hafiz Uddin Norsuzlin Binti mohd Sahar md Samsuzzaman Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaSelangor43600Malaysia Space Science Centre Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaSelangor43600Malaysia Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and EngineeringPatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhali8602Bangladesh

This work presents a dual band epsilon negative(ENG)metamaterial with a bilateral coupled split ring resonator(SRR)for use in C and X band wireless communication *** traditional split-ring resonator(SRR)has been amended with this engineered *** proposed metamaterial unit cell is realized on the 1.6 mm thick FR-4 printed media with a dimension of 10×10 *** resonating patch built with a square split outer *** interlinked inner rings are coupled vertically to the outer ring to extend its electrical length as well as to tune the resonance *** simulation is performed using CST studio suite 2019 to design and performance *** transmission coefficient(S21)of the proposed unit cell and array configuration exhibits two resonances at 6.7 and 10.5 GHz with wide bandwidth extended from 4.86 to 8.06 GHz and 10.1 to 11.2 GHz,*** permittivity is noted at frequencies between 6.76–9.5 GHz and 10.5–12 GHz,consecutively,with near-zero refractive index and *** optimal EMR value depicts the compactness of the proposed *** 1×2,2×2 and 4×4 arrays are analyzed that shows similar response compared to the unit *** results of the 2×2 array shows the close similarity of S21 response as compared to *** observed properties of the proposed unit cell ascertain its suitability for wireless communications by enhancing the gain and directivity of the antenna system.

关键词： Metamaterial epsilon negative near-zero index split ring resonator wireless communications

Polarization Insensitive Broadband Zero Indexed Nano-Meta Absorber for Optical Region Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 993-1009页

作者： Ismail Hossain md Samsuzzaman Ahasanul Hoque mohd Hafiz Baharuddin Norsuzlin Binti mohd Sahar Mohammad Tariqul Islam Space Science Center(ANGKASA) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and EngineeringPatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityDumki8602PatuakhaliBangladesh Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia

Broadband response metamaterial absorber(MMA)remains a challenge among researchers.A nanostructured new zero-indexed metamaterial(ZIM)absorber is presented in this study,constructed with a hexagonal shape resonator for optical region *** design consists of a resonator and dielectric layers made with tungsten and quartz(Fused).The proposed absorbent exhibits average absorption of more than 0.8972(89.72%)within the visible wavelength of 450–600 nm and nearly perfect absorption of 0.99(99%)at 461.61 *** on computational analysis,the proposed absorber can be characterized as *** developments of ZIM absorbers have demonstrated plasmonic resonance characteristics and a perfect impedance *** incidence obliquity in typically the range of 0◦–90◦both in TE and TM mode with maximum absorbance is more than 0.8972(∼89.72%),and up to 45◦angular stability is suitable for solar cell applications,like exploiting solar *** proposed structure prototype is designed and simulated by studying microwave technology numerical computer simulation(CST)*** finite integration technique(FIT)based simulator CST and finite element method(FEM)based simulator HFSS also helps validate the numerical data of the proposed ZIM *** proposed MMA design is appropriate for substantial absorption,wide-angle stability,absolute invisible layers,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),color images,and thermal imaging applications.

关键词： Hexagonal resonator loaded star shaped polarization insensitive compact broadband metamaterial absorber optical region applications

Adsorption Isotherm and Kinetic Study of Methane on Palm Kernel Shell-Derived Activated Carbon

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第1期8卷 66-77页

作者： mohd Saufi md Zaini Muhammad Arshad Syed Shatir A.Syed-Hassan School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan TerengganuKampus Bukit BesiDungun 23200Malaysia Department of Basic Science Jhang-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal ScienceLahore 35200Pakistan School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARAShah Alam 40450Malaysia

Activated carbon(AC)was synthesized from palm kernel shell(PKS)using different activating agents,i.e.,steam,carbon dioxide(CO 2),and CO 2-steam,in order to analyze the impact of acti-vating agents on the pore opening of *** this study,AC produced from PKS was found to have great potential as an adsorbent for methane *** different molecular diffusivity and reac-tivity of the combination of CO 2 and steam succeeded in producing AC with the highest burn-offof 78.57%,a surface area of 869.82 m 2/g,a total pore volume of 0.47 cm 3/g,and leading to maximum methane gas adsorption capacity of 4.500 mol/*** types of ACs exhibited the best fit with the Freundlich isotherm model,with the correlation coefficient(R 2)ranging from 0.997 to 0.999,indicating the formation of multilayer *** addition,the adsorption kinetic data for all ACs followed the pseudo-first-order model showing that the rate of adsorption was dependent on both the adsorbent and the adsorbate and was governed primarily by physical ad-sorption between the pore surface and methane *** results of intraparticle diffusion model indicated that the adsorption of methane was affected by both pore diffusion and exterior layer diffusion due to the different adsorption rates.

关键词： Palm kernel shell Activated carbon Methane adsorption Kinetic model Isotherm model

Computational Investigation of Multiband EMNZ Metamaterial Absorber for Terahertz Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3905-3920页

作者： Ismail Hossain md Samsuzzaman mohd Hafiz Baharuddin Norsuzlin Binti mohd Sahar Mandeep Singh Jit Singh Mohammad Tariqul Islam Space Science Center Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and EngineeringPatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityBangladesh Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaMalaysia

This study presents an Epsilon Mu near-zero(EMNZ)nanostructured metamaterial absorber(NMMA)for visible regime *** resonator and dielectric layers are made of tungsten(W)and quartz(fused),where the working band is expanded by changing the resonator layer’s *** to perfect impedance matching with plasmonic resonance characteristics,the proposed NMMA structure is achieved an excellent absorption of 99.99%at 571 THz,99.50%at 488.26 THz,and 99.32%at 598 THz *** absorption mechanism is demonstrated by the theory of impedance,electric field,and power loss density distributions,*** geometric parameters are explored and analyzed to show the structure’s performance,and a near-field pattern is used to explain the absorption mechanism at the resonance frequency *** numerical analysis method describes that the proposed structure exhibited more than 80%absorbability between 550 and 900 *** Computer Simulation Technology(CST Microwave Studio 2019)software is used to design the proposed ***,CSTHFSS interference is validated by the simulation data with the help of the finite element method(FEM).The proposed NMMA structure is also exhibits glucose concentration sensing capability as *** the proposed broadband absorber may have a potential application in THz sensing,imaging(MRI,thermal,color),solar energy harvesting,light modulators,and optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Metamaterial absorber terahertz applications multiband EM near zero nanostructured visible regime applications

Calf Posture Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1493-1508页

作者： Tan Chen Tung Uswah Khairuddin mohd Ibrahim Shapiai Norhariani md Nor Mark Wen Han Hiew Nurul Aisyah mohd Suhaimie Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur54100Malaysia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor43400Malaysia Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry Besut22200Malaysia

Dairy farm management is crucial to maintain the longevity of the farm,and poor dairy youngstock or calf management could lead to gradually deteriorating calf health,which often causes premature *** was found to be the most neglected part among the management workflows in Malaysia and has caused continuous loss over the recent *** posture recognition is one of the effective methods to monitor calf behaviour and health state,which can be achieved by monitoring the calf behaviours of standing and lying where the former depicts active calf,and the latter,passive *** posture recognition module is an important component of some automated calf monitoring systems,as the system requires the calf to be in a standing posture before proceeding to the next stage of monitoring,or at the very least,to monitor the activeness of the *** posture such as standing or resting can easily be distinguished by human eye,however,to be recognized by a machine,it will require more complicated frameworks,particularly one that involves a deep learning neural networks *** number of highquality images are required to train a deep learning model for such *** this paper,multiple ConvolutionalNeuralNetwork(CNN)architectures were compared,and the residual network(ResNet)model(specifically,ResNet-50)was ultimately chosen due to its simplicity,great performance,and decent inference *** ResNet-50 models having the exact same architecture and configuration have been trained on two different image datasets respectively sourced by separate cameras placed at different *** were two camera placements to use for comparison because camera placements can significantly impact the quality of the images,which is highly correlated to the deep learning model *** model training,the performance for both CNN models were 99.7%and 99.99%accuracies,respectively,and is adequate for a real-time calf monitoring system.

关键词： Calf posture machine vision deep learning transfer learning

Plasmodium cynomolgi: An emerging threat of zoonotic malaria species in Malaysia?

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第1期15卷 4-6页

作者： Nor Diyana Dian mohd Amirul Fitri A Rahim Zulkarnain md Idris Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia Infectious Disease Group Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Malaria remains a public health problem in many parts of the *** is a disease that can endanger human life if left untreated,especially among young children and pregnant *** Malaysia,the number of malaria cases has decreased significantly since the introduction of the Malaria Elimination Program in 1961 in Malaysia Borneo,and in 1967 in Peninsular *** 1988,malaria has been on the notifiable disease list under the Communicable Diseases Act of Malaysia that mandates notification within 7 *** significant progress towards the national elimination programme and effective disease notification on malaria has resulted in zero indigenous human malaria cases in 2018[1].

关键词： malaria Malaria Plasmodium

Effects of Planting Density of Rubber Tree Clone(RRIM 2020 Clone and RRIM 2025 Clone)Wood to Particleboard Properties

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第7期10卷 1951-1960页

作者： Juliana Abdul Halip Syeed SaifulAzry Osman Al-Edrus Seng Hua Lee Paridah md Tahir Nor Yuziah mohd Yunus mohd Sapuan Salit Ahmad Ilyas Rushdan Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products(INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia(UPM)Serdang43400Malaysia Faculty of Technology Management and Business Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia(UTHM)Parit Raja86400Malaysia Department of Wood Industry Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Bandar Tun Abdul RazakJengkaPahang26400Malaysia School of Chemical and Energy Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor Bahru81310Malaysia Centre for Advanced Composite Materials Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor Bahru81310Malaysia

The depletion of log resources encourages research into alternative ways to sustain the wood ***,the 4-year-old Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia(RRIM)clones series,RRIM 2020 and RRIM 2025,were chosen as potential raw materials for particleboard in this *** purpose of this study was to assess the effects of planting density and rubber tree clones on the mechanical and physical properties of single-layer *** planting densities used were low,moderate-low,moderate-high,and high,representing 500,1000,1500,and 2000 trees/ha,*** to manufacturing,the RRIM 2000 series clone trees were harvested,cut,chipped,flaked,and *** mechanical and physical properties were evaluated in accordance with the Japanese Industrial Standard(JIS A 5908-2003).The findings revealed that both planting density and clone had a significant impact on the mechanical and physical properties of particleboard with a thickness of 10 mm and a density of 700 kg/*** 2020 specimens with low planting density had superior modulus of elasticity(MOE),modulus of rupture(MOR),and internal bonding(IB)values of 2415,19,and 1.7 MPa,***,moderate-low planting density demonstrated the lowest thickness swelling(TS)and water absorption(WA)values and was comparable to control particleboard from commercial clone Prang Besar(PB),*** terms of rubber clones,RRIM 2020 particleboard met the minimum requirements of the JIS standard for mechanical properties and outperformed RRIM *** study recommended a low planting density of 500 trees/ha and the RRIM 2020 clone as a suitable raw material for particleboard manufacturing with a ten percent urea formaldehyde resin content.

关键词： Rubberwood RRIM 2020 RRIM 2025 mechanical physical urea formaldehyde