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Efficient Optimal Routing Algorithm Based on Reward and Penalty for Mobile Adhoc Networks

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 1331-1351页

作者： Anubha Ravneet Preet Singh Bedi Arfat ahmad Khan mohd Anul Haq ahmad Alhussen Zamil S.Alzamil Department of Computer Applications I.K.G.Punjab Technical UniversityKapurthala144601PunjabIndia Research and Development I.K.G.Punjab Technical UniversityKapurthala144604PunjabIndia Department of Computer Science College of ComputingKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40002Thailand Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Mobile adhoc networks have grown in prominence in recent years,and they are now utilized in a broader range of *** main challenges are related to routing techniques that are generally employed in *** Adhoc system management,on the other hand,requires further testing and improvements in terms of *** routing protocols,such as Adhoc On-Demand Distance Vector(AODV)and Dynamic Source Routing(DSR),employ the hop count to calculate the distance between two *** main aim of this research work is to determine the optimum method for sending packets while also extending life time of the *** is achieved by changing the residual energy of each network ***,in this paper,various algorithms for optimal routing based on parameters like energy,distance,mobility,and the pheromone value are ***,an approach based on a reward and penalty system is given in this paper to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms under the impact of *** simulation results unveil that the reward penalty-based approach is quite effective for the selection of an optimal path for routing when the algorithms are implemented under the parameters of interest,which helps in achieving less packet drop and energy consumption of the nodes along with enhancing the network efficiency.

关键词： Routing optimization reward penalty mobility energy throughout pheromone

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Smart Farming for Sustainable Rice Production:An Insight into Application,Challenge,and Future Prospect

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 47-61页

作者： Norhashila HASHIM Maimunah mohd ALI Muhammad Razif MAHADI ahmad Fikri ABDULLAH Aimrun WAYAYOK Muhamad Saufi mohd KASSIM Askiah JAMALUDDIN Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering/SMART Farming Technology Research Centre Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor 43400Malaysia Department of Food Sciences Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaSelangor 43600Malaysia Department of Resource Management&Consumer Studies Faculty of Human EcologyUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor 43400Malaysia

Rice has a huge impact on socio-economic growth,and ensuring its sustainability and optimal utilization is *** review provides an insight into the role of smart farming in enhancing rice *** applications of smart farming in rice production including yield estimation,smart irrigation systems,monitoring disease and growth,and predicting rice quality and classifications are *** challenges of smart farming in sustainable rice production to enhance the understanding of researchers,policymakers,and stakeholders are *** efforts have been exerted to combat the issues in rice production in order to promote rice sector *** effective implementation of smart farming in rice production has been facilitated by various technical advancements,particularly the integration of the Internet of Things and artificial *** future prospects of smart farming in transforming existing rice production practices are also *** the utilization of smart farming,the rice industry can attain sustainable and resilient production systems that could mitigate environmental impact and safeguard food ***,the rice industry holds a bright future in transforming current rice production practices into a new outlook in rice smart farming development.

关键词： rice production smart farming food security agriculture sustainability

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Evaluations of cytotoxicity of Smilax myosotiflora and its effects on sexual hormone levels and testicular histology in male rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第3期6卷 246-250页

作者： Muhammad Hilmi Wan Norliza ahmad mohd Dasuki Sul'ain School of Health Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus

Objective: To investigate the cytotoxicity of Smilax myosotiflora(S. myosotiflora)methanolic extract and its effects on sexual hormone levels and testicular histology in male ***: The cytotoxicity of S. myosotiflora methanolic extract was investigated by employing brine shrimp lethality assay. Forty eight male rats were randomly divided into four groups(Groups I–IV) of 12 each. Rats in Group I were administered with 0.5 m L of distilled water(vehicle), whilst Groups II, III and IV received 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg of the methanolic extract of S. myosotiflora in 0.5 m L of the vehicle, respectively. Male rats treated with continuous daily dosing were killed and necropsied after a total dose period of 60 days. Sexual hormones were assayed and histological examination of testes was performed according to standard ***: S. myosotiflora extracts did not produce any cytotoxicity to brine shrimp in all concentrations tested. Serum testosterone level was significantly higher in rats treated with high dose of S. myosotiflora. Testicular histology showed normal architecture with all stages of spermatogenesis in all experimental ***: The present work confirmed that S. myosotiflora extract improves reproductive functions, without any cytotoxic activity and produces no histological changes to the testes.

关键词： Smilax myosotiflora Cytotoxicity Sexual hormones Testicular histology

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Diffusion tensor imaging pipeline measures of cerebral white matter integrity: An overview of recent advances and prospects

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第24期10卷 8450-8462页

作者： Amanina ahmad Safri Che mohd Nasril Che mohd Nassir Ismail Nurul Iman Nur Hartini mohd Taib Anusha Achuthan Muzaimi Mustapha Department of Neurosciences School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaHealth CampusKubang Kerian 16150KelantanMalaysia Department of Radiology School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaHealth CampusKubang Kerian 16150KelantanMalaysia School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 USMPenangMalaysia Department of Neurosciences Hospital Universiti Sains MalaysiaKubang Kerian 16150KelantanMalaysia

Cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)is a leading cause of age-related microvascular cognitive decline,resulting in significant morbidity and decreased quality of *** a progress on its key pathophysiological bases and general acceptance of key terms from neuroimaging findings as observed on the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),key questions on CSVD remain *** relationships and reliable lesion studies,such as white matter tractography using diffusion-based MRI(dMRI)are necessary in order to improve the assessment of white matter architecture and connectivity in *** tensor imaging(DTI)and tractography is an application of dMRI that provides data that can be used to non-invasively appraise the brain white matter connections via fiber tracking and enable visualization of individual patient-specific white matter fiber tracts to reflect the extent of CSVD-associated white matter ***,due to a lack of standardization on various sets of software or image pipeline processing utilized in this technique that driven mostly from research setting,interpreting the findings remain contentious,especially to inform an improved diagnosis and/or prognosis of CSVD for routine clinical *** this minireview,we highlight the advances in DTI pipeline processing and the prospect of this DTI metrics as potential imaging biomarker for CSVD,even for subclinical CSVD in at-risk individuals.

关键词： Diffusion tensor imaging White matter Cerebral small vessel disease Pipeline processing Tractography

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Alginate and alginate composites for biomedical applications

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2021年第3期16卷 280-306页

作者： Raha ahmad Raus Wan mohd Fazli Wan Nawawi Ricca Rahman Nasaruddin Department of Biotechnology Engineering International Islamic University MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 50728Malaysia Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Group(NanoRG) International Islamic University MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 50728Malaysia

Alginate is an edible heteropolysaccharide that abundantly available in the brown seaweed and the capsule of bacteria such as Azotobacter *** Pseudomonas *** to alginate gel forming capability,it is widely used in food,textile and paper industries;and to a lesser extent in biomedical applications as biomaterial to promote wound healing and tissue *** is evident from the rising use of alginate-based dressing for heavily exuding wound and their mass availability in the market ***,alginate also has *** in contact with physiological environment,alginate could gelate into softer structure,consequently limits its potential in the soft tissue regeneration and becomes inappropriate for the usage related to load bearing body *** cater this problem,wide range of materials have been added to alginate structure,producing sturdy composite *** instance,the incorporation of adhesive peptide and natural polymer or synthetic polymer to alginate moieties creates an improved composite material,which not only possesses better mechanical properties compared to native alginate,but also grants additional healing capability and promote better tissue *** addition,drug release kinetic and cell viability can be further improved when alginate composite is used as encapsulating *** this review,preparation of alginate and alginate composite in various forms(fibre,bead,hydrogel,and 3D-printed matrices)used for biomedical application is described first,followed by the discussion of latest trend related to alginate composite utilization in wound dressing,drug delivery,and tissue engineering applications.

关键词： Alginate Alginate composite Tissue engineering Wound dressing Drug delivery

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A review on 3D terrain visualization of GIS data:techniques and software

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2012年第2期15卷 105-115页

作者： Che Mat RUZINOOR Abdul Rashid Mohamed SHARIFF Biswajeet PRADHAN Mahmud RODZI ahmad mohd Shafry mohd RAHIM Geospatial Information Science Research Centre(GISRC) Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia College of Arts and Sciences Universiti Utara Malaysia06010 UUM SintokKedahMalaysia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Faculty of Computer Science&Information Systems Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM SkudaiJohorMalaysia

3D terrain visualization of geographic information systems(GIS)data has become an important issue in recent *** is due to the emergence of new geo-browsers such as Google Earth,widely popular among *** availability of 3D representation tools has increased the demand for 3D terrain *** aim of this paper is to review the literature related to the 3D terrain visualization of GIS data from the first map produced until the online mapping *** reviews are divided into four different sections:manual visualization of 3D terrain,automated visualization of 3D terrain,online visualization of 3D terrain,and software for visualizing 3D ***,the paper compares between the different types of systems developed by various authors based on the capabilities and the limitations of the *** of the techniques have their own strengths and limitations which solve the problem in 3D terrain ***,the research on improving 3D terrain visualization is still *** is due to the popularity of online environments and mobile devices that render 3D *** review paper will help interested users understand the current state of 3D terrain visualization of GIS data in a better way.

关键词： terrain visualization geographic information systems(GIS) 3D terrain visualization online 3D terrain visualization remote sensing Malaysia

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Copper oxide nanoparticles-loaded zeolite and its characteristics and antibacterial activities

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第8期33卷 889-896页

作者： Abdullah A.Alswat Mansor Bin ahmad mohd Zobir Hussein Nor Azowa Ibrahim Tawfik A.Saleh Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor 43400Malaysia Department of Chemistry Sana'a UniversityYemen Department of Chemistry King Fahcl University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

In the present work, a simple and green co-precipitation method was used to prepare copper oxide-zeolite nanocomposites（CuO-zeolite NCs）. The weight ratio（1, 3, 5, 8 and 10 wt%） of CuO nanoparticles（NPs）loaded into zeolite was investigated to obtain the optimum CuO distribution for antibacterial *** prepared CuO-zeolite NCs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible（UV–vis） spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared（FT-IR） spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction（XRD）, and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry（EDXRF）. The transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and field emission scanning electron microscopy（FE-SEM） revealed a uniform surface morphology of the CuO-zeolite *** UV–vis spectrum of NCs showed absorption peaks between 230 and 280 nm for nano-CuO in the XRD patterns, and new peaks appeared between（36.56？–38.83？） related to the CuO. At weight ratio less than 10 wt%, the CuO nanoparticles loaded to the zeolite exhibited spherical shapes with average particle diameter of 6.5 nm measured by TEM and XRD. Antibacterial activities were tested against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The obtained results showed that, CuO-zeolite NCs with 8 wt% CuO nanoparticles had the highest antibacterial activities against Bacillus Subtilis B29 and Salmonella Choleraesuis ATCC10708, which can be attributed to the good dispersion of CuO NPs on the zeolite surface.

关键词： Copper oxide-zeolite Nanocomposites Antibacterial

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Hyperuricemia Prediction Using Photoplethysmogram and Arteriograph

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 287-304页

作者： Hafifah Ab Hamid Nazrul Anuar Nayan mohd Zubir Suboh Nurin Izzati Mohamad Azizul Mohamad Nazhan mohd Nizar Amilia Aminuddin mohd Shahrir Mohamed Said Saharuddin ahmad Department of Electrical Electronic and SystemsFaculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi43600Malaysia Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaCheras56000Malaysia Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaCheras56000Malaysia Family Medicine Department Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaCheras56000Malaysia

Hyperuricemia is an alarming issue that contributes to cardiovascular *** acid(UA)level was proven to be related to pulse wave velocity,a marker of arterial stiffness.A hyperuricemia prediction method utilizing photoplethysmogram(PPG)and arteriograph by using machine learning(ML)is *** the literature search,there is no available papers found that relates PPG with UA level even though PPG is highly associated with vessel *** five phases in this research are data collection,signal preprocessing including denoising and signal quality indexes,features extraction for PPG and SDPPG waveform,statistical analysis for feature selection and classification of UA levels using *** PPG to the current arteriograph able to reduce cost and increase the prediction *** and arteriograph data were measured from 113 subjects,and 226 sets of data were collected from the left and right hands of the *** performance of four types of ML,namely,artificial neural network(ANN),linear discriminant analysis(LDA),k-nearest neighbor(kNN),and support vector machine(SVM)in predicting hyperuricemia was *** the total of 98 features extracted,16 features of which showed statistical significance for hyper and *** gives the best performance compared to the other three ML techniques with 91.67%,95.45%,and 94.12%for sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy,*** from PPG and arteriograph able to be used to predict hyperuricemia accurately and *** study is the first to find the relationship of PPG with *** shows a significant relation between PPG signals and arteriograph data toward the UA *** proposed method of UA prediction shows its potential for noninvasive preliminary assessment.

关键词： PPG arteriograph second derivative of PPG hyperuricemia ML

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New therapy for metabolic syndrome:Gut microbiome supplementation

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1833-1836页

作者： Waseem Qureshi Maqsood ahmad Dar mohd Younis Rather Hospital Administration Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India Department of Medicine Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India Multidisciplinary Research Unit Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India

The gut microbiota is important in the development and progression of metabolic illnesses such type 2 diabetes,cardiovascular disease(CVD),and *** diverse community of microorganisms controls a variety of physiological functions,including metabolism,inflammation,and immune *** these interactions has resulted in novel therapeutic options,including microbiome *** gut microbiome is extremely susceptible to dietary changes,which can alter its makeup and function,influencing metabolite synthesis that affects host *** metabolites,such as butyrate and propionate,have been proven to protect against metabolic illnesses,whereas trimethylamine has been linked to ***,probiotics,synbiotics,and postbiotics are being investigated by researchers as ways to change the gut microbiome and boost metabolic *** advances in therapy and lifestyle adjustments,the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing,emphasizing the need for new medicines.

关键词： Probiotics Prebiotics Synbiotics Postbiotics Microbiome Type 2 diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular disease Obesity

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Formulating layered adjustable autonomy for unmanned aerial vehicles

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2017年第4期10卷 430-450页

作者： Salama A.Mostafa mohd Sharifuddin ahmad Aida Mustapha Mazin Abed Mohammed Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaBatu PahatMalaysia College of Information Technology Universiti Tenaga NasionalKajangMalaysia Planning and Follow Up Department University of AnbarAnbarIraq

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to propose a layered adjustable autonomy(LAA)as a dynamically adjustable autonomy model for a multi-agent *** is mainly used to efficiently manage humans’and agents’shared control of autonomous systems and maintain humans’global control over the ***/methodology/approach–The authors apply the LAA model in an agent-based autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)*** UAV system implementation consists of two parts:software and *** software part represents the controller and the cognitive,and the hardware represents the computing machinery and the actuator of the UAV *** UAV system performs three experimental scenarios of dance,surveillance and search *** selected scenarios demonstrate different behaviors in order to create a suitable test plan and ensure significant ***–The results of the UAV system tests prove that segregating the autonomy of a system as multidimensional and adjustable layers enables humans and/or agents to perform actions at convenient autonomy ***,reducing the adjustable autonomy drawbacks of constraining the autonomy of the agents,increasing humans’workload and exposing the system to ***/value–The application of the LAA model in a UAV manifests the significance of implementing dynamic adjustable *** the autonomy within three phases of agents run cycle(taskselection,actions-selection and actions-execution)is an original idea that aims to direct agents’autonomy toward performance *** agents’abilities are well exploited when an incompetent agent switches with a more competent one.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicle Multi-agent system Adjustable autonomy Autonomous agent

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