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Novel energy recovery from an integrated municipal solid waste and leachate treatment system

Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第1期6卷 53-61页

作者： Siti Salwa Khamis Hadi Purwanto Hamzah mohd Salleh Alya Naili Rozhan mohamed Abdur Rahman Mahammadsalman Warimani Noor Alam Faculty of Engineering International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Gombak53100Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Engineering Management Universitas Internasional Semen IndonesiaGresikIndonesia Halalan Thayyiban Research Centre Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic UniversityBandar Seri BegawanBrunei Department of Mechanical Engineering P.A.College of EngineeringMangaloreKarnataka574153India Department of Mechanical Engineering Malaysia-Japan International Institute of TechnologyUniversity of Technology Malaysia54100Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Population growth,waste generation,and massive waste mismanagement have led to environmental *** of municipal solid waste(MSW)requires an efficient and sustainable integrated *** integrated thermal processing of MSW is one of the best waste management *** this study,energy analysis of MSW is carried out based on the material and energy balance of 2000 kg wet MSW,which contains 50%*** the leachate is removed,the dry MSW is sent for carbon content enhancement in carbonization to produce MSW-based ***,the combustion of MSW-based char provided high heat and syngas to be used in a hydrothermal process for MSW leachate *** result shows that the char fuel of MSW produces a sufficient amount of energy,13501.29 MJ(84.55%),in the form of synthetic gas by-product,which has a big potential as an energy *** novelty of the proposed integrated thermal system is to produce 84.55%synthetic gas by-product,which is used for electricity production,cooking,food,and heat energy for industrial *** proposed applications of this paper offer insightful information for policymaking regarding novel MSW techniques,which are economical,energy-efficient,and environmentally ***,it increases the effectiveness of MSW utilization.

关键词： Energy Carbonization Hydrothermal Municipal solid waste integrated system

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Variable range hopping transport and dielectric relaxation mechanism in GdCrO_(3) rare-earth orthochromite perovskite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1304-1316,I0004页

作者： Muhammad Javed Ayaz Arif Khan Jamal Kazmi Naeem Akbar Said Nasir Khisro Amanullah Dar Aleem Dad Khan Tareen mohd amb.i mohamed Department of Physics The University of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan Department of Physics University of Kotli Azad Jammu and KashmirKotli11100Pakistan institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Mathematics University of Kotli Azad Jammu and KashmirKotli11100Pakistan

The polycrystalline GdCrO_(3)(GCO)perovskite orthochromite was synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion *** Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction(XRD)profile of GCO confirms that the orthorhombic phase crystallizes in perovskite crystal structure with space group *** transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction divulge the polycrystalline nature of the perovskite *** field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)images reveal the microstructural polyhedral growth of grains separated by sharp grain *** chemical states of the ions present in the compound were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)studies,and the electrical pathways were *** impedance studies were carried out in the experimental frequency and temperature ranges of 40 Hz-4 MHz and 178-408 K,*** equivalent circuit model(RGQG)(RGBQGB)resolves the impedance response into two contributions originating from the intra-grain and inter-granular micro-constituents of the *** electrical conduction mechanism is based on the Mott variable range hopping *** complex electric modulus studies demonstrate the short-and long-range mobility of the charge carriers and rule out the presence of electrode effects on the dielectric relaxation mechanism of the *** decreasing pattern of dielectric permittivity with frequency is explained by the Maxwell-Wagner type of *** frequency dependence of the loss factor exhibits the presence of thermally activated relaxation time distribution in the material.

关键词： Auto-combustion Perovskite Electro-ceramic Dielectric Electrical transport impedance

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RADiATiON GRAFTED POLY(ViNYLiDENE FLUORiDE)-GRAFT-POLYSTYRENE SULFONiC ACiD MEMBRANES FOR FUEL CELLS:STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATiONSHiPS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2010年第5期28卷 761-770页

作者： mohamed Nasef Hamdani Saidi Khairulzaman mohd Dahlan institute of Hydrogen Economy Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaInternational City CampusJalan Semarak54100 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM SkudaiJohorMalaysia Radiation Processing Technology Division Malaysian Nuclear AgencyBangi43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia

Structure-property relationships for poly（vinylidene fluoride）-graft-polystyrene sulfonic acid （PVDF-g-PSSA） fuel cell membranes prepared by a single step method involving radiation-induced grafting of sodium styrene sulfonate （SSS） onto electron beam （EB） irradiated poly（vinylidene fluoride）（PVDF） films were established. The physico-chemical properties of the membranes such as ion exchange capacity, water swelling and proton conductivity were correlated with the degree of grafting （G, %） and the structural changes taking place in the membrane matrix during the preparation procedure. The variation in the crystallinity and the thermal stability of membranes was studied by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）, respectively. The membranes were found to undergo substantial structural changes in forms of ionic sites increase, hydrophilicity enhancement, hydrophobicity reduction and crystallinity decrease with the variation in G （%） and the preparation method. The structural and thermal properties of the obtained membranes were also compared with their counterparts prepared by a conventional two-steps method i.e. radiation induced grafting of styrene onto EB irradiated PVDF films followed by sulfonation. The PVDF-g-PSSA membranes obtained by a single-step method were found to have superior properties compared to those obtained by the conventional two-steps method.

关键词： PVDF films Sodium styrene sulfonate Radiation-induced grafting Proton exchange membranes.

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A computing capability test for a switched system control design using the Haris-Rogers method

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2012年第10期13卷 781-792页

作者： mohd Amin AT-TASNEEM Sallehuddin mohamed HARiS Zulkifli mohd NOPiAH Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University Malaysia Pahang Pekan 26600 Malaysia Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM Bangi 43600 Malaysia Unit of Fundamental Engineering Studies Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM Bangi 43600 Malaysia

The problem of finding stabilizing controllers for switched systems is an area of much research interest as conventional concepts from continuous time and discrete event dynamics do not hold true for these *** solutions have been proposed,most of which are based on finding the existence of a common Lyapunov function(CLF) or a multiple Lyapunov function(MLF) where the key is to formulate the problem into a set of linear matrix inequalities(LMis).An alternative method for finding the existence of a CLF by solving two sets of linear inequalities(Lis) has previously been *** method is seen to be less computationally taxing compared to methods based on solving *** substantiate this,the computational ability of three numerical computational solvers,LMi solver,cvx,and Yalmip,as well as the symbolic computational program Maple were tested.A specific switched system comprising four second-order subsystems was used as a test *** the obtained solutions,the validity of the controllers and the corresponding CLF was *** was found that all tested solvers were able to correctly solve the *** issue of rounding-off error in numerical computation based software is discussed in *** test revealed that the guarantee of stability became uncertain when the rounding off was at a different decimal *** use of different external solvers led to the same conclusion in terms of the stability of switched *** a result,a shift from using a conventional numerical computation based program to using computer algebra is suggested.

关键词： Linear inequalities Hybrid systems Stability Common quadratic Lyapunov function Numerical computation Symbolic computation

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Markov Chain Modelling of Reliability Analysis and Prediction under Mixed Mode Loading

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2015年第2期28卷 307-314页

作者： SiNGH Salvinder ABDULLAH Shahrum NiK mohamed Nik Abdullah mohd NOORANi mohd Salmi Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang School of Mathematical Sciences Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

The reliability assessment for an automobile crankshaft provides an important understanding in dealing with the design life of the component in order to eliminate or reduce the likelihood of failure and safety *** failures of the crankshafts are considered as a catastrophic failure that leads towards a severe failure of the engine block and its other connecting *** reliability of an automotive crankshaft under mixed mode loading using the Markov Chain Model is *** Markov Chain is modelled by using a two-state condition to represent the bending and torsion loads that would occur on the *** automotive crankshaft represents a good case study of a component under mixed mode loading due to the rotating bending and torsion *** estimation of the Weibull shape parameter is used to obtain the probability density function,cumulative distribution function,hazard and reliability rate functions,the bathtub curve and the mean time to *** various properties of the shape parameter is used to model the failure characteristic through the bathtub curve is ***,an understanding of the patterns posed by the hazard rate onto the component can be used to improve the design and increase the life cycle based on the reliability and dependability of the *** proposed reliability assessment provides an accurate,efficient,fast and cost effective reliability analysis in contrast to costly and lengthy experimental techniques.

关键词： reliability Weibull Markov Chain mixed mode failure

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Real-Time Frequency Estimation of Complex GMSK Signal of Green Communications Devices

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2016年第2期14卷 126-132页

作者： Umar Suleiman Dauda NikNoordini NikAbdMalik Mazlina Esa Kamaludin mohd Yusof mohd Fairus mohd Yusoff mohamed Rijal Hamid Department ofCommunication Faculty of Electrical EngineeringUniversiti TeknologiMalaysia81310 Johor BahruMalaysia

Parameter estimation of signals of universal software radio peripheral （USRP） devices is crucial to solve the problem of phase offsets of received signals in distributed beamforming. For systems that will utilize the closed loop feedback algorithm where the receiver needs to send the received signal strength （RSS） values periodically to the beamforming node so as to take advantage of energy conservation, the frequency and phase of these signals should be estimated before smoothening by nonlinear filters. This article presents the estimation of the frequency offsets of a Gaussian minimum shift keying （GMSK） signal from N210 USRP devices in real time by using the Radix-2 fast Fourier transform （FFT） algorithm in GNURadio. For these green communications devices, most of the needed hardware parts have been software defined, thereby reducing the supposed energy consumption. The frequency offsets from reference carrier frequencies of 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz are less than 3 kHz each before the estimation, but the average offsets are 45 Hz and 100 Hz after the estimation, respectively. The high offset value experienced with the 2.4 GHz carrier was due to consistent interference from devices on that same frequency.

关键词： Cramer-Rao lower bound Gaussianminimum shift keying maximum likelihood estimation,universal software radio peripheral.

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Process Noise Parameters of Beamforming Green Nodes

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2016年第2期14卷 111-117页

作者： Umar Suleiman Dauda NikNoordini NikAbdMalil Mazlina Esa Kamaludin mohd Yusof mohd Fairus mohd Yusoff mohamed Rijal Hamid Department of Communication Faculty of Electrical EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 Johor BahruMalaysia

Signals arrive out of phase at the intended receiver from collaborative beamforming （CB） nodes due to the instability in the output frequency signals of the universal software radio peripheral＇s （USRP） local oscillator （LO）. These nodes including the target must synchronize their oscillator frequencies for coherent signal reception. in order to do this, frequencies and phases of the signals should be estimated in software defined radio （SDR） and smoothen with nonlinear filters such as the extended Kalman filter （EKF）. The process noise parameters of the Ni USRP-2920 nodes will have to be calculated and used with the EKF process noise covariance matrix. These nodes are green communication hardware devices where most of the hardware units are now software defined. This article uses the direct spectrum method to obtain the phase noise values at various frequency offsets of the Ni USRP-2920 in order to calculate the power spectral density of fractional frequency fluctuation. By applying the power-law noise model to this obtained value, the generated white frequency noise and random walk frequency noise values are q_1=1.93x10^-21 and q_2=5.86x10^-18, respectively.

关键词： Collaborative beamforming phasenoise process noise parameters universal software radioperipheral.

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Erratum to:Recent Advances of Chimp Optimization Algorithm:Variants and Applications

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第3期21卷 1618-1618页

作者： Mohammad Sh.Daoud Mohammad Shehab Laith Abualigah Mohammad Alshinwan mohamed Abd Elaziz mohd Khaled Yousef Shambour Diego Oliva Mohammad A.Alia Raed Abu Zitar College of Engineering Al Ain University112612 Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates College of Computer Sciences and informatics Amman Arab UniversityAmman 11953Jordan Computer Science Department Prince Hussein Bin Abdullah Faculty for Information TechnologyAl Al-Bayt UniversityMafraq 25113Jordan Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmman 19328Jordan MEU Research Unit Middle East UniversityAmman 11831Jordan Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman 11931Jordan School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 Pulau PinangMalaysia Faculty of information Technology Applied Science Private UniversityAmman 11931Jordan Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZagazig UniversityZagazig 7120001Egypt The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques institute for Hajj and Umrah Research Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah 24382Saudi Arabia Depto.de innovacio′n Basada en la informacio′n y el Conocimiento Universidad de GuadalajaraCUCEI45129 GuadalajaraMexico Cyber Security Department Faculty of Science and Information TechnologyAl Zaytoonah University of JordanAmman 11733Jordan Sorbonne Center of Artificial intelligence Sorbonne University-Abu Dhabi38044 Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Malaysia27500 Petaling JayaMalaysia

Erratum to:J Bionic Eng https://***/10.1007/*** this article the statement in the Funding information section was incorrectly given as‘22UQU4361183DSR03’and should have read‘23UQU4361183DSR03’.

关键词： statement section correctly

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Statistical Histogram Decision Based Contrast Categorization of Skin Lesion Datasets Dermoscopic images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 2337-2352页

作者： Rabia Javed mohd Shafry mohd Rahim Tanzila Saba Suliman mohamed Fati Amjad Rehman Usman Tariq School of Computing Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru81310Malaysia Department of Computer Science Lahore College for Women UniversityLahore54000Pakistan College of Computer and information Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11589Saudi Arabia College of Computer Engineering and Science Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharjSaudi Arabia

Most of the melanoma cases of skin cancer are the life-threatening form of *** is prevalent among the Caucasian group of people due to their light skin *** is the second most common cancer that hits the age group of 15–29 *** high number of cases has increased the importance of automated systems for *** diagnosis should be fast and accurate for the early treatment of *** should remove the need for biopsies and provide stable diagnostic *** requires large quantities of *** lesion datasets contain various kinds of dermoscopic images for the detection of *** publicly available benchmark skin lesion datasets,iSiC 2017,iSBi 2016,and PH2,are used for the ***,the iSiC archive and PH2 are the most challenging and demanding dermoscopic *** datasets’pre-analysis is necessary to overcome contrast variations,under or over segmented images boundary extraction,and accurate skin lesion *** this paper,we proposed the statistical histogram-based method for the pre-categorization of skin lesion *** image histogram properties are utilized to check the image contrast variations and categorized these images into high and low contrast *** two performance measures,processing time and efficiency,are computed for evaluation of the proposed *** results showed that the proposed methodology improves the pre-processing efficiency of 77%of iSiC 2017,67%of iSBi 2016,and 92.5%of PH2 datasets.

关键词： Cancer healthcare contrast enhancement dermoscopic images skin lesion low contrast images WHO

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Numerical and experimental investigation of three-dimensionality in the dam-break flow against a vertical wall

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第4期30卷 682-693页

作者： mohamed M.Kamra Nik mohd Cheng Liu Makoto Sueyoshi Changhong Hu interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Seieneesl Kyushu University Kasuga Fukuoka Japan Research institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu University Kasuga Fukuoka Japan

The three-dimensionality extent of the dam break flow over a vertical wall is investigated numerically and experimentally in this paper. The numerical method is based on Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes（RANS） equation that describes the three-dimensional incompressible turbulent flow. The free surface is captured by using the unstructured multi-dimensional interface capturing（UMTHiNC） scheme. The equations are discretized on 2-D and 3-D unstructured grids using finite volume method. The numerical simulations are compared with newly conducted experiment with emphasis on the effect of three-dimensionality on both free surface and impact pressure. The comparison between the numerical and experimental results shows good agreement. Furthermore, the results also show that 3-D motion of the flow originates at the moment of impact at the lower corners of the impact wall and propagates to the inner region as time advances. The origin of the three-dimensionality is found to be the turbulence development as well as the relative velocity between the side wall region and the inner region of the wave front at the moment of impact.

关键词： Water impact dam break flow UMTHiNC scheme three-dimensionality

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