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A Comprehensive Analysis of the Thermo-Chemical Properties of Sudanese Biomass for Sustainable Applications

Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第4期12卷 721-736页

作者： Wadah mohammed Zeinab osman Salah Elarabi Bertrand Charrier Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physical-Chemistry for the Environment and Materials-Xylomat University of Pau and the Adour RegionE2S UPPACNRSIPREM-UMR 5254Mont de Marsan40004France Institute of Engineering Research and Materials Technology(IERMT) National Center for Research(NCR)Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific ResearchKhartoum11111Sudan Faculty of Industries Engineering and Technology University of GeziraGezira State21111Sudan

The chemical composition and thermal properties of natural fibers are the most critical variables that determine the overall properties of the fibers and influence their processing and use in different sustainable applications,such as their conversion into bioenergy and *** thermal and mechanical properties can be estimated by evaluating the content of cellulose,lignin,and other extractives in the *** this research work,the chemical composition and thermal properties of three fibers,namely bagasse,kenaf bast fibers,and cotton stalks,were evaluated to assess their potential utilization in producing biocomposites and bioenergy *** chemical composition analysis followed the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Standards(TAPPI)*** total phenol content was quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method,while Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR)was employed to assess the light absorption by the *** evaluate thermal stability and higher heating values,Thermogravimetric Analysis(TGA),Differential Scanning Calorimetry(DSC),and bomb calorimetry were *** chemical analysis revealed that bagasse contained 50.6%cellulose and 21.6%lignin,kenaf bast fibers had 58.5%cellulose and 10%lignin,and cotton stalks exhibited 40.3%cellulose and 21.3%*** FTIR curves demonstrated a notable similarity among the *** TGA analysis showed degradation temperatures of 321°C for bagasse,354°C for kenaf bast fibers,and 289°C for cotton *** DSC analysis revealed glass transition temperatures of 81°C for bagasse,66.3°C for cotton stalks,and 64.5°C for kenaf bast *** higher heating values were measured as 17.3,16.6 and 17.1 MJ/kg for bagasse,kenaf bast fibers,and cotton stalks,*** three fibers have a high potential for biocomposites and bioenergy material manufacturing.

关键词： Bagasse kenaf bast fibers cotton stalks TGA DSC FTIR

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Small bowel capsule endoscopy in patients with cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators:Outcome analysis using telemetry review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2012年第3期4卷 87-93页

作者： Justin R Cuschieri mohammed n osman Richard CK Wong Amitabh Chak Gerard A Isenberg Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineAlbert Einstein Medical Center5401 Old York RoadKlein building suite 363PhiladelphiaPA 19141United States Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineUniversity Hospitals Case Medical Center11100 Euclid AvenueClevelandOH 44106United States Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Department of MedicineUniversity Hospitals Case Medical Center11100 Euclid AvenueClevelandOH 44016United States

AIM:To determine if there were any interactions between cardiac devices and small bowel capsules secondary to electromagnetic interference (EMI) in patients who have undergone small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE).METHODS:Authors conducted a chart review of 20 patients with a cardiac pacemaker (CP) or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) who underwent continuous electrocardiographic monitoring during their SBCE from *** searched for unexplained electrocardiogram (ECG) findings,changes in CP andICD set parameters,any abnormality in transmitted capsule data,and adverse clinical ***:There were no adverse events or hemodynamically significant arrhythmias *** and ICD set parameters were *** majority of ECG abnormalities were also found in pre-or post-SBCE ECG tracings and the CP behavior during arrhythmias appeared *** patients seemed to have episodes of undersensing by the ***,similar findings were documented in ECGs taken outside the time frame of the *** patient was observed to have a low signal encountered from the capsule resulting in lack of localization,but no images were ***:Capsule-induced EMI remains a possibility but is unlikely to be clinically *** interference of SBCE is also possible,but is infrequent and does not result in loss of images transmitted by the capsule.

关键词： Small bowel capsule endoscopy Cardiac pacemakers Implantable cardioverter defibrillators Electromagnetic interference Telemetry review

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Phishing Attacks Detection Using EnsembleMachine Learning Algorithms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1325-1345页

作者： nisreen Innab Ahmed Abdelgader Fadol osman mohammed Awad mohammed Ataelfadiel Marwan Abu-Zanona Bassam Mohammad Elzaghmouri Farah H.Zawaideh Mouiad Fadeil Alawneh Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlmaarefa UniversityDiriyahRiyadh13713Saudi Arabia Applied College King Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Management Information Systems College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyJerash UniversityJerash26110Jordan Department of Business Intelligence and Data Analysis Faculty of Financial Sciences and BusinessIrbid National UniversityIrbid21110Jordan Faculty of Information Technology Ajloun National UniversityAjloun26767Jordan

Phishing,an Internet fraudwhere individuals are deceived into revealing critical personal and account information,poses a significant risk to both consumers and web-based *** indicates a persistent rise in phishing ***,these fraudulent schemes are progressively becoming more intricate,thereby rendering them more challenging to ***,it is imperative to utilize sophisticated algorithms to address this *** learning is a highly effective approach for identifying and uncovering these harmful *** learning(ML)approaches can identify common characteristics in most phishing *** this paper,we propose an ensemble approach and compare it with six machine learning techniques to determine the type of website and whether it is normal or not based on two phishing *** that,we used the normalization technique on the dataset to transform the range of all the features into the same *** findings of this paper for all algorithms are as follows in the first dataset based on accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score,respectively:Decision Tree(DT)(0.964,0.961,0.976,0.968),Random Forest(RF)(0.970,0.964,0.984,0.974),Gradient Boosting(GB)(0.960,0.959,0.971,0.965),XGBoost(XGB)(0.973,0.976,0.976,0.976),AdaBoost(0.934,0.934,0.950,0.942),Multi Layer Perceptron(MLP)(0.970,0.971,0.976,0.974)and Voting(0.978,0.975,0.987,0.981).So,the Voting classifier gave the best *** in the second dataset,all the algorithms gave the same results in four evaluation metrics,which indicates that each of them can effectively accomplish the prediction ***,this approach outperformed the previous work in detecting phishing websites with high accuracy,a lower false negative rate,a shorter prediction time,and a lower false positive rate.

关键词： Social engineering attacks phishing attacks machine learning security artificial intelligence

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A Review on the Advancement of Renewable natural Fiber Hybrid Composites: Prospects, Challenges, and Industrial Applications

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第7期12卷 1237-1290页

作者： mohammed mohammed Jawad K.Oleiwi Aeshah M.mohammed Anwar Ja’afar Mohamad Jawad Azlin F.osman Tijjani Adam Bashir O.Betar Subash C.B.Gopinath Center of Excellence Geopolymer&Green Technology(CEGeoGTech) Universiti Malaysia PerlisArau02600Malaysia Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis(UniMAP)Arau02600Malaysia Department of Materials Engineering University of TechnologyBaghdad10070Iraq Department of Chemical Materials University of Bagdad College of Education for Pure Science Ibn-AlhaithamBaghdad10001Iraq Department of Computer Techniques Engineering Al-Rafidain University CollegeBaghdad10001Iraq Faculty of Electronics Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia PerlisKampus Uniciti Alam Sg.ChuchuhPerlis02100Malaysia Research Center(nAnOCAT) University of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Institute of nano Electronic Engineering Universiti Malaysia PerlisPerlis01000Malaysia Center for Global Health Research Saveetha Medical College&HospitalSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)Tamil Nadu602105India

naturalﬁbre(nFR)reinforced functional polymer composites are quickly becoming an indispensable sustainable material in the transportation industry because of their lightweight,lower cost in manufacture,and adaptability to a wide variety of ***,the major difﬁculties of using theseﬁbres are their existing poor dimensional stability and the extreme *** assessing the mechanical properties(MP)of composites,the interfacial bonding(IB)happening between the nFR and the polymer matrix(PM)plays an incredibly signiﬁcant *** compared to nFR/syntheticﬁbre hybrid composites,hybrid composites(HC)made up of two separate nFR are less prevalent;yet,these hybrid composites also have the potential to be valuable materials in terms of environmental issues.A new dimension to theﬂexibility of composites reinforced with nFR is added by the cost-effective manufacture of hybrid composites utilising *** purpose of this study is to offer an over-view of the keyﬁndings that were presented on hybrid *** emphasis was focused on the factors that inﬂuence the performance of the naturalﬁber composites,diverse approaches to enhancing MP,physical,electri-cal,and thermal characteristics of the *** study in polymer science gains interest for applications in con-struction and automotive industries.

关键词： Renewable naturalﬁber hybrid composites sustainability nanomaterial greener material

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Effectiveness of external prestressing in enhancing the non-ductile hanger failure mechanism in reinforced concrete inverted T-beams

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 1050-1065页

作者： Ahmed M.ATTA Reda n.BEHIRY mohammed I.HARAZ Structural Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTanta 33511Egypt nile Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology Mansoura 11001Egypt

Recently,inverted T-beams have been used in reinforced concrete(RC)bridges to support transverse precast *** T-beams,contrary to practice with conventional beams,are loaded on the flanges upper *** loading configuration causes hanger failure due to the generation of vertical tensile stresses near the bottom of the *** key purpose of this study is to investigate the efficiency of vertical external prestressing stainless-steel bars in mitigating non-ductile hanger failure in reinforced concrete inverted *** experimental study on six inverted-T beams,including two un-strengthened specimens,was carried *** study showed that the value of the prestressing level had a considerable impact on the performance of hanger mechanism in relation to crack pattern,ultimate loads,cracking behavior,load-deflection,strains,and *** experimental results indicated that the suggested method for strengthening inverted T-beams had efficacy in reducing the seriousness of the non-ductile hanger failure and resulted in a strength increase of up to 53% when compared to that of the un-strengthened ***,two analytical models for estimating the hanger capacity and the average crack width of the strengthened RC inverted T-beams were *** models that were proposed exhibited a high degree of agreement with the experimental results.

关键词： RC bridges inverted T-beams strengthening hanger failure external prestressing

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Enhanced termination of zinc and cadmium ions from wastewater employing plain and chitosan-modified mxenes: synthesis, characterization,and adsorption performance

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期5卷 339-347页

作者： njood R.Azeez Suhaib S.Salih mohammed Kadhom Harith n.mohammed Tushar K.Ghosh Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering University of Tikrit Department of Environmental Science College of Energy and Environmental Science Al-Karkh University of Science Department of nuclear Science & Engineering Institute University of Missouri-Columbia

Zinc and cadmium pollutants cause a significant environmental effect that cannot be ignored. Due to their considerable amount in an aqueous environment, industries are seeking suitable adsorbents that are environmentally friendly and inexpensive for removing metals from wastewater before disposing of them in surface waters. This research employed original MXene(MX) and chitosan-modified MXene(CSMX) to extract zinc(Zn(Ⅱ)) and cadmium(Cd(Ⅱ)) metal ions from water-based solutions. The composite material produced was analyzed using techniques such as X-ray Diffraction(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET). The effects of contact duration, p H of the solution, and initial concentration of metal ions on the adsorption process of Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto both MX and CSMX composites were investigated. MX and prepared CSMX composite presented a high adsorption capacity for both studied heavy metals, which were 91.55 and 73.82 mg/g for Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto MX, 106.84 and 93.07 mg/g for Cd(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) onto CSMX composite, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum competitive adsorption capacities for Zn(Ⅱ) onto MX and CSMX composites are 77.29 and 93.47 mg/g, and for are Cd(Ⅱ)60.30 and 79.66 mg/g, respectively. Hence, the removal capacities for both single and competitive metal ions were superior to CSMX composite. However, the adsorption capacities after five successive regeneration sequences were only dropped by 13.2% for Zn(Ⅱ) and 17.4% for Cd(Ⅱ) onto the CSMX composite compared to the first cycle. These results confirm that both metals could be efficiently terminated from wastewater, which makes the prepared CSMX composite a favorable candidate adsorbent in practical applications.

关键词： Adsorption Chitosan MXene Zn(II) Cd(II) Wastewater

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A hydrodynamic modelling of wave-activated bodies for wavelet marine regions

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 35-47页

作者： J.S.Peh mohammed W.Muhieldeen n.H.Shuaib Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTechnology&Built EnvironmentUCSI UniversityKuala Lumpur56000Malaysia MTC Engineer Sdn.Bhd Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia

Recently,most wave energy research has targeted sea areas with high power density under extreme wave conditions for *** trend often leads to higher energy costs for wave power ***,many marine areas with low power density,characterized by wavelet conditions and less destructive forces than extreme wave conditions,remain ***,this study aimed to propose a wave-activated body model for sea regions with wavelet *** wave-activated body design process encompassed site selection,parameter determination,geometry design,comparison and performance evaluation using the AnSYS®AQWA *** results indicated that the proposed device achieved the desired heave motion,with an amplitude range of 1.2 to-2.5 m,validating its potential for deployment in marine regions with wavelet ***,while the proposed design is optimized for wavelet conditions,it was found to have potential limitations in extreme wave *** observation emphasizes the challenge of formulating a generalized design suitable for both ***,it is pivotal for wave-activated body designs to be customized based on the specific ocean conditions they target,underscoring the need for specialized designs of wave energy converters that consider the unique wave characteristics of their deployment sites.

关键词： wave energy converter South China sea renewable and sustainable energy wavelet AnSYS AQWA hydrodynamic wave-activated bodies

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EECLP: AWireless Sensor networks Energy Efficient Cross-Layer Protocol

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2611-2631页

作者： mohammed Kaddi mohammed Omari Moamen Alnatoor LDDI Laboratory University of AdrarAdrar01000Algeria Computer Science and Engineering Department School of EngineeringAmerican University of Ras Al KhaimahRas Al Khaimah72603United Arab Emirates

Recent advancements in wireless communications have allowed the birth of novel wireless sensor networks(WSn).A sensor network comprises several micro-sensors deployed randomly in an area of interest.A micro-sensor is provided with an energy resource to supply electricity to all of its ***,the disposed energy resource is limited and battery replacement is generally *** this restriction,the sensors must conserve energy to prolong their *** energy conservation strategies for WSns have been presented in the literature,from the application to the physical *** of these solutions focus only on optimizing a single layer in terms of energy *** this research,a novel cross-layer technique for WSns’effective energy usage is *** most energy consumption factors exist in the Medium Access Control(MAC)layer and network layer,our EECLP protocol(Energy Efficient Cross-Layer Protocol for Wireless Sensor networks)integrates these two layers to satisfy energy efficiency *** gain access to the transmission channel,we implement a communication regime at the MAC layer based on CSMA/CA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance)***,depending on the activity and a standby period,we employ the RTS/CTS(Request to Send/Clear to Send)method to prevent collisions and resolve hidden node concerns by utilizing the network allocation vector(nAV)to calculate the transmission *** a greedy strategy,we establish chains amongst cluster members to mitigate the issue of high energy consumption in routing *** objective function was utilized to determine the optimal cross-chain path based on the distances to the base station(BS)and residual energy(RE).The simulation,testing,and comparison of the proposed protocol to peer protocols have shown superior outcomes and a prolonged network *** the suggested protocol,the network lifetime increases by 10%compared to FAMACO(Fuzzy and Ant Col

关键词： WSn energy consumption MAC layer network layer EECLP energy-efficient lifespan

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Smartphone-Based Wi-Fi Analysis for Bus Passenger Counting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 875-907页

作者： mohammed Alatiyyah Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16278Saudi Arabia

In the contemporary era of technological advancement,smartphones have become an indispensable part of individuals’daily lives,exerting a pervasive *** paper presents an innovative approach to passenger countingonbuses throughthe analysis ofWi-Fi signals emanating frompassengers’mobile *** study seeks to scrutinize the reliability of digital Wi-Fi environments in predicting bus occupancy levels,thereby addressing a crucial aspect of public *** proposed system comprises three crucial elements:Signal capture,data filtration,and the calculation and estimation of passenger *** pivotal findings reveal that the system demonstrates commendable accuracy in estimating passenger counts undermoderate-crowding conditions,with an average deviation of 20%from the ground truth and an accuracy rate ranging from 90%to 100%.This underscores its efficacy in scenarios characterized by moderate levels of ***,in densely crowded conditions,the system exhibits a tendency to overestimate passenger numbers,occasionally doubling the actual *** acknowledging the need for further research to enhance accuracy in crowded conditions,this study presents a pioneering avenue to address a significant concern in public *** implications of the findings are poised to contribute substantially to the enhancement of bus operations and service quality.

关键词： Public transportation digital environment passenger estimation signal capturing Wi-Fi

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Biosynthesized CS-MgO/zeolite hybrid material:An efficient adsorbent for chlorpyrifos removal-Kinetic studies and response surface methodology

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 304-317页

作者： mohammed T.M.H.Hamad Belal n.A.Mahran Central Laboratory for Environmental Quality Monitoring National Water Research CenterEgypt

The prevalence of organophosphate pesticides in aquatic environments raises severe concerns on a global ***,an insecticide,is included in a class of organophosphate *** is widely used on agricultural lands to control pests in cotton,fruit,and *** acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos is still dangerous to all aquatic living *** the treatment of water contaminated with chlorpyrifos is an important *** recent decade has witnessed adsorption technology emerging as an advanced organophosphate pesticide wastewater treatment with great potential and a grand blueprint,in which the specific surface area and active sites of the adsorbent are considered to be the two most important characteristics largely impacting the adsorption *** this study,a CS-MgO/Zeolite composite was prepared by the microbial method as an effective adsorbent for the removal of chlorpyrifos from an aqueous *** adsorbent's properties were carefully characterized using Xray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and Fourier-transform infrared *** refinement of experimental conditions,encompassing variations in adsorbent dosage,contact time,and chlorpyrifos concentration at five discrete levels,was systematically undertaken through the utilization of a composite central design rooted in response surface *** solution pH played a key role in chlorpyrifos removal,and a pH of 7.0 was selected according to its high adsorption *** highest removal(80.9%)of chlorpyrifos by CS-MgO/Zeolite was obtained at an optimum pH of 7,a contact time of 40 min,an adsorbent dosage of 0.4 g/L,and a chlorpyrifos concentration of 5 mg/L^(-1).The adsorption results were highly fitted with the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model,and the maximum adsorption was 83.3 mg/*** studies indicate that the removal of chlorpyrifos followed the pseudo-secondorder model of adsorption(0.994).The thermodynamic parameters indicate the sponta

关键词： Chlorpyrifos adsorption CS-MgO/Zeolite Response surface methodology

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