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DNA Barcoding of Insects and Its Direct Application for Plant Protection

Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 676-686页

作者： Peter Quandahor Iddrisu Yahaya Francis Kusi Issah Sugri Julius Yirzagla Abdul Karim Alhassan Jerry A. Nboyine George Y. Mahama Godwin Opoku mohammed mujitaba dawuda Asieku Yahaya Theophilus Kwabla Tengey Rofela Combey John Abraham CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute Tamale Ghana Faculty of Agriculture Food and Consumer Science University for Development Studies Tamale Ghan Department of Conservational Biology and Entomology School of Biological Sciences University of Cape Coast Ghana

The introduction of invasive insect pests across national borders has become a major concern in crop production. Accordingly, national plant protection organizations are challenge to reinforce their monitoring strategies, which are hampered by the weight and size of inspection equipment, as well as the taxonomic extensiveness of interrupted species. Moreover, some insect pests that impede farmer productivity and profitability are difficult for researchers to address on time due to a lack of appropriate plant protection measures. Farmers’ reliance on synthetic pesticides and biocontrol agents has resulted in major economic and environmental ramifications. DNA barcoding is a novel technology that has the potential to improve Integrated Pest Management decision-making, which is dependent on the ability to correctly identify pest and beneficial organisms. This is due to some natural traits such as phenology or pesticide susceptibility browbeaten by IPM strategies to avert pest establishment. Specifically, Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence information was applied effectively for the identification of some micro-organisms. This technology, DNA barcoding, allows for the identification of insect species by using short, standardized gene sequences. DNA barcoding is basically based on repeatable and accessible technique that allows for the mechanisation or automation of species discrimination. This technique bridges the taxonomic bio-security gap and meets the International Plant Protection Convention diagnostic standards for insect identification. This review therefore discusses DNA barcoding as a technique for insect pests’ identification and its potential application for crop protection.

关键词： DNA Barcoding Integrated Pest Management Taxonomy Biosecurity Crop Protection

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Physiological mechanisms of resistance to cold stress associated with 10 elite apple rootstocks

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第4期17卷 857-866页

作者： WANG Yan-xiu HU Ya CHEN Bai-hong ZHU Yan-fang mohammed mujitaba dawuda Sofkova Svetla College of Horticulture Gansu Agricultural University Deparment of Horticulture Faculty of Agriculture University for Development Studies Institute of Agriculture and Environment Massey University

A study was conducted in attempting to identify the cold-resistant apple rootstocks and to establish a comprehensive evaluation system. In this study, 10 elite apple dwarfing rootstocks(GM256, JM7, M26, M7, SC1, SH1, SH38, SH6, M9, and T337) were employed for the experiment and the following parameters were investigated under different low temperature stress conditions(0, –15, –20, –25, –30, and –35°C): the changes of the relative electrical conductivity(REC), anthocyanin content, protein content, soluble sugar content, soluble starch content, proline content, malondialdehyde(MDA) content, superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity, and peroxidase(POD) activity of the dormant branches. The inflection temperature that could represent the plant tissue semi-lethal temperature(LT) was obtained by the measurements of REC. The LTwas used to evaluate eight other indices. The results showed that there was no significant correlation between LTand POD activity as well as between the soluble sugar, protein and proline contents at 0 and –15°C. Soluble starch content at 0 and –15°C and anthocyanin content at –15–(–30)°C were significantly but negatively correlated to the LT50 and the MDA content at 0–(–20)°C was significantly positively correlated to the LT. Statistical analysis based on principal component analysis and LT50 showed that cold resistant apple rootstocks in the decreasing order from high to low as GM256, SH6, SH38, SH1, SC1, M26, M7, JM7, T337, and M9.

关键词： cold resistance LT_(50) principal component analysis apple dwarfing rootstock

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Cadmium Accumulation and Cadmium Stress Response in Elite Chinese Lettuce(Lactuca sativa)Varieties Under Hydroponic System:Focus on root Morphology,Root Hormones and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

Cadmium Accumulation and Cadmium Stress Response in Elite Ch...

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中国园艺学会2018年学术年会

作者： mohammed mujitaba dawuda LIAO Weibiao HU Linli YU Jihua XIE Jianming Alejandro Calderon-Urrea JIN Xin WU Yue College of Horticulture Gansu Agricultural University Department of Biology California State University

Experiments were conducted to determine the cadmium(Cd)accumulation capacities of selected Chinese lettuce varieties and their response to cadmium stress under hydroponic system. In the first experiment,the Cd accumulation capacities of ten Chinese lettuce varieties(Siji,Ouge,Lüsu,Biyuyi,Lümeng,Yidali,Longsheng,Anyan,Meihuizi and Meiguo)and their potentials for phytoremediation and food safety purposes were assessed. Seedlings of them were transferred to normal Hoagland’s nutrient solution(control)and 0.1 μmol · L CdCl treated Hoagland’s nutrient solution,and monitored for 29 days in a controlled room. Two hyper-accumulators(Yidali and Anyan)and two low accumulators(Lüsu and Lümeng)were selected for the second experiment. In the second experiment,28-day old seedlings of the four varieties were transferred to nutrient solutions without Cd(Control)and with 100 μmol · L Cd Cl for 72 h. Results of the first experiment showed that leaves from the control solution contained Cd at levels above the 0.2 mg · kg maximum recommended by the FAO/WHO,suggesting that hydroponically grown lettuce could contain toxic Cd levels. The application of 0.1 μmol · L Cd led to wide and significant variations in leaf and root Cd levels among the varieties. The highest total Cd bio-concentration factor(BCF)of 3 208.84 was found in Longsheng,and this suggested its potential use for phytoremediation purposes. The least leaf Cd BCF of 3.43 was found in the Lüsu and this could be considered for producing relatively safer lettuce under hydroponic condition. Results of the second experiment showed that Cd toxicity significantly decreased all the root morphological indexes across the varieties. However,Yidali exhibited the greatest tolerance to Cd with the highest tolerance index scores for root volume,surface area,projected area,and numbers of root forks and tips at 72 h. A positive correlation occurred among ABA,GA and IAA under Cd stress but these hormones correlated negatively with the root inde

关键词： lettuce bio-concentration factor cadmium hormone antioxidant enzyme root morphology

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