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YOLO and Blockchain Technology Applied to Intelligent Transportation License Plate Character Recognition for Security

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第12期77卷 3697-3722页

作者： Fares Alharbi Reem Alshahrani mohammed Zakariah Amjad Aldweesh abdulrahman abdullah Alghamdi Department of Computer Science College of Computing and ITShaqra UniversityShaqra15526Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and ITTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia College of Computer and Information Science King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Privacy and trust are significant issues in intelligent transportation systems(ITS).Data security is critical in ITS systems since sensitive user data is communicated to another user over the internet through wireless devices and routes such as radio channels,optical fiber,and blockchain *** Internet of Things(IoT)is a network of connected,interconnected *** issues occasionally arise due to the amount of data ***,they have been primarily addressed by blockchain and smart contract *** there are still security issues with smart contracts,primarily due to the complexity of writing the code,there are still many challenges to consider when designing blockchain designs for the IoT *** study uses traditional blockchain technology with the“You Only Look Once”(YOLO)object detection method to accurately locate and identify license *** YOLO and blockchain technologies used for intelligent vehicle license plate recognition are promising,they have received limited research ***-time object identification and recognition would be possible by combining a cutting-edge object detection technique with a regional convolutional neural network(RCNN)built with the tensor flow core open source *** method works reasonably well for identifying any license *** Automatic License Plate Recognition(ALPR)approach delivered outstanding results in various ***,with a recognition rate of 96.2%,our system(UFPR-ALPR)surpassed the previously used technology,consisting of 4500 frames and around 150 ***,a deep learning algorithm was trained to recognize images of license plate numbers using the UFPR-ALPR ***,the license plate’s characters were complicated for standard methods to identify because of the shifting lighting *** proposed model,however,produced beneficial outcomes.

关键词： Intelligent transportation system blockchain technology license plate recognition privacy YOLO deep learning technique ALPR

5-year follow-up of combined non-topography guided photorefractive keratectomy and corneal collagen cross linking for keratoconus

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第1期11卷 48-52页

作者： abdulrahman mohammed Al-Amri Department of Ophthalmology College of Medicine King Khalid University

AIM： To evaluate the visual outcomes of simultaneous non-topography guided photorefractive keratectomy（PRK） and corneal collagen cross-linking（CXL） in eyes with keratoconus 5 y after the ***： Prospective, interventional, non-randomized, and non-controlled case series design was used. Sixty eyes of 30 patients（16 males and 14 females; age： 21-41 y） with mild, non-progressive（stages 1-2） keratoconus were enrolled. Refraction, uncorrected distance visual acuity（UDVA） and corrected distance visual acuity（CDVA）, flat and steep keratometry readings, and adverse events were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. Data were collected preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 mo, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 y follow-up visits after combined non-topography-guided PRK with CXL was performed. All patients had at least 5 y of ***： All study parameters showed a statistically significant improvement at 5 y over baseline values. The mean follow-up time was 68.20±4.71 mo（range： 60-106 mo）. Patients showed a significant improvement in UDVA from 1.24±0.79 log MAR prior to combined non-TG-PRK＋CXL to 0.06±0.15 log MAR postoperatively at the time of their last follow-up visit. CDVA significantly increased from 0.06±0.19 log MAR preoperatively to 0.03±0.12 log MAR postoperatively. A significant decrease in the mean spherical equivalent（SE） refraction was observed from-2.28±1.8 to-0.79±0.93 diopters（D）（P〈0.05）, and the manifest sphere decreased from-1.62±1.23 to-0.27±0.21 D（P=0.001）. The manifest cylinder significantly decreased from-1.73±0.86 to-0.29±0.34 D postoperatively（P=0.001）. The mean steep keratometry was 45.13±1.32 vs 47.28±2.12 D preoperatively（P〈0.05）, and the preoperative mean steepest keratometry（Kmax） 48.6±3.1 was reduced significantly to 46.8±2.9 postoperatively（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： Combined non-TG-PRK with 15 min CXL is an effective and safe option for correcting mild refractive error and improving visual acuity in patients with mild stable keratoconu

关键词： non-topography guided photorefractive keratectomy corneal collagen cross-linking keratoconus

Chemical composition of essential oil of Thymus vulgaris collected from Saudi Arabian market

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第2期7卷 147-150页

作者： abdulrahman Khazim Al-Asmari Md Tanwir Athar Ahmed abdullah Al-Faraidy mohammed Salim Almuhaiza Department of Research Center Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Psychiatry Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Dentistry Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia

Objective: To focus on the analysis of chemical constituents of the Thymus vulgaris L.(locally known as "Zaitra" or "Za'atar"; Family: Lamiaceae) which is available in the market of Saudi ***: The Zaitra oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The mass spectra were compared with the standard spectra available in National Institute Standard and Technique ***: The results indicated that the Thymus oil is composed of many chemical compounds including a pinene, thymol and caryophyllene which are biologically active and also used in various ***: It can be concluded that the Thymus vulgaris due to presence of many bioactive compounds can be used as a new potential source of medicine for the treatment of various types of illness.

关键词： Essential oil GC–MS Saudi Arabian herbs Thymus vulgaris

Perceptions of emergency medicine residents on the quality of residency training in the United States and Saudi Arabia

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第1期9卷 5-12页

作者： Ahmad Aalam Mark Zocchi Khalid Alyami abdullah Shalabi abdullah Bakhsh Asaad Alsufyani abdulrahman Sabbagh mohammed Alshahrani Jesse M.Pines Department of Emergency Medicine King Abdulaziz University Department of Emergency Medicine The George Washington University Center for Healthcare Innovation and Policy Research The George Washington University Department of Pediatrics University of Dammam Department of Emergency Medicine King Abdulaziz Medical City National Guard Hospital Department of Emergency Medicine University of Toledo Department of Emergency Medicine King Fahad Medical City

BACKGROUND: We compare educational environments(i.e. physical, emotional and intellectual experiences) of emergency medicine(EM) residents training in the United States of America(USA) and Saudi Arabia(SA).METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted using an adapted version of the validated Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure(PHEEM) survey instrument from April 2015 through June 2016 to compare educational environments in all emergency medicine residency programs in SA and three selected programs in the USA with a history of training Saudi physicians. Overall scores were compared across programs, and for subscales(autonomy, teaching, and social Support), using chi-squared, t-tests, and analysis of ***: A total of 219 surveys were returned for 260 residents across six programs(3 SA, 3 USA), with a response rate of 84%. Program-specific response rates varied from 79%–100%. All six residencies were qualitatively rated as "more positive than negative but room for improvement". Quantitative PHEEM scores for the USA programs were significantly higher: 118.7 compared to 109.9 for SA, P=0.001. In subscales, perceptions of social support were not different between the two countries(P=0.243); however, role autonomy(P<0.001) and teaching(P=0.005) were better in USA programs. There were no significant differences by post-graduate training ***: EM residents in all three emergency medicine residency programs in SA and the three USA programs studied perceive their training as high quality in general, but with room for improvements. USA residency programs scored higher in overall quality. This was driven by more favorable perceptions of role autonomy and teaching. Understanding how residents perceive their programs may help drive targeted quality improvement efforts.

关键词： Emergency medicine residents Residency training United States of America Saudi Arabia

Nutritional status of children with inflammatory boweldisease in Saudi Arabia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第5期22卷 1854-1858页

作者： Mohammad Issa El Mouzan mohammed Hadi Al Edreesi abdulrahman abdullah Al-Hussaini Omar Ibrahim Saadah Abdulaziz Abdullatif Al Qourain Mohammad abdullah Al Mofarreh Khalid abdulrahman Al Saleem Department of Pediatrics HeadPediatric IBD Research GroupMember of Prince Abdullah Bin Khalid Celiac Disease Research ChairKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11461Saudi Arabia Department of Pediatrics Saudi Aramco Medical Services Organization Dhahran Health CenterDhahran 31311Saudi Arabia Division of Gastroenterology HepatologyKing Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health SciencesThe Children’s HospitalKing Fahad Medical CityRiyadh 11525Saudi Arabia Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine&Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research GroupKing Abdul Aziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyKing Fahad Hospital of the UniversityDammam UniversityDammam 31952Saudi Arabia Department of Gastroenterology Mofarreh Poly ClinicRiyadh 11423Saudi Arabia Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of PediatricsKing Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research CentreRiyadh 11525Saudi Arabia

AIM: To assess the prevalence of nutritional disorders in children with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) in Saudi ***: The data from a national cohort of children newly diagnosed with IBD between 2003 and 2012 were analyzed. The diagnosis of IBD and the differentiation between Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) were confirmed by gastroenterologists according to the standard criteria. The body mass index(BMI) of each child [weight(kg)/height^2(m)] was calculated at the time of diagnosis. The World Health Organization standards and references were used and the BMI for age > +1 and <-2 standard deviation score were used to define overweight and thinness, respectively. Age stratification analysis was performed to investigate any age-related variation in the prevalence of nutritional status between children < 10 years of age and ***: There were 374 children from 0.33 to 17 years of age, including 119(32%) children with UC and 255(68%) with CD. All of the children were Saudi nationals, and 68(57%) of the UC and 150(59%) of the CD children were males. A positive history of anorexia at the time of diagnosis was found in 30(25%) patients with UC and 99(39%) patients with CD. The prevalence of thinness was 31%, 35% and 24% in children with IBD, CD and UC, respectively, with a significantly higher prevalence of thinness in children with CD than in children with UC(P = 0.037) only in the age group of 10-17 years(P = 0.030). The prevalence of overweight was 16 %, 15% and 20 % in the children with IBD, CD and UC, respectively, indicating a higher prevalence in UC that was statistically significant only in the age group of 10-17 years(P = 0.020). CONCLUSION: A high proportion of children with IBD presented with overweight instead of the classical underweight. Awareness of this finding is important for patient care.

关键词： Overweight Thinness Ulcerative colitis Crohn disease Children Saudi Arabia

Ameliorative properties of Iranian Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seeds and Punica granatum L. peel extracts in streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetic guinea pigs

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第3期7卷 234-239页

作者： Nabil Abdel Salam Ahmed Hasona mohammed Ahmed Qumani Turki Ahmed Alghassab Muath abdulrahman Alghassab abdullah Ali Alghabban Department of Biochemistry College of MedicineHa'il UniversityHa'ilSaudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceBeni-Suef UniversityBeni-SuefEgypt Department of Pharmacology College of MedicineHa'il UniversityHa'ilSaudi Arabia

Objective: To assess the ameliorative properties of Iranian Trigonella foenum-graecum L.(T. foenum-graecum) seeds and Punica granatum L.(P. granatum) peel extracts against streptozotocin-induced diabetes in male guinea ***: Sixty guinea pigs were divided into six groups(10 guinea pigs per group).Group 1 consisted of normal animals. Groups 2 and 3 were treated with Iranian T. foenum-graecum seeds and P. granatum peel extract alone, respectively. Group 4 was treated with streptozotocin only; whereas Groups 5 and 6 receiving streptozotocin were treated with Iranian T. foenum-graecum seeds and P. granatum peel extract, *** animals were treated for 30 days, and the body weight, blood and liver biochemical parameters were ***: Guinea pigs exposed to streptozotocin showed an alteration in body weight gain, fasting glucose level, kidney function parameters(blood urea nitrogen and creatinine) as well as decreased serum and hepatic total protein level. In addition, it increased the cholesterol and triglyceride level, while decreasing the hepatic glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase activity, glycogen, glutathione content and hepatic catalase activity. Oral treatment with T. foenum-graecum seeds and P. granatum peel extracts revealed significant protective properties with respect to body weight gain and other biochemical parameters ***: The Iranian T. foenum-graecum seeds and P. granatum peel extracts are significantly potent in ameliorating diabetic condition induced by streptozotocin and improving various biochemical parameters in serum and liver of guinea pigs.

关键词： Diabetes Iranian Trigonella foenum-graecum Seeds Punica granatum Peel Streptozotocin

Explainable Classification Model for Android Malware Analysis Using API and Permission-Based Features

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3167-3188页

作者： Nida Aslam Irfan Ullah Khan Salma abdulrahman Bader Aisha Alansari Lama abdullah Alaqeel Razan mohammed Khormy Zahra Abdultawab AlKubaish Tariq Hussain SAUDI ARAMCO Cybersecurity Chair Department of Computer ScienceCollege of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering Department College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhouChina

One of the most widely used smartphone operating systems,Android,is vulnerable to cutting-edge malware that employs sophisticated *** malware attacks could lead to the execution of unauthorized acts on the victims’devices,stealing personal information and causing hardware *** previous studies,machine learning(ML)has shown its efficacy in detecting malware events and classifying their ***,attackers are continuously developing more sophisticated methods to bypass ***,up-to-date datasets must be utilized to implement proactive models for detecting malware events in Android mobile ***,this study employed ML algorithms to classify Android applications into malware or goodware using permission and application programming interface(API)-based features from a recent *** overcome the dataset imbalance issue,RandomOverSampler,synthetic minority oversampling with tomek links(SMOTETomek),and RandomUnderSampler were applied to the Dataset in different *** results indicated that the extra tree(ET)classifier achieved the highest accuracy of 99.53%within an elapsed time of 0.0198 s in the experiment that utilized the RandomOverSampler ***,the explainable Artificial Intelligence(EAI)technique has been applied to add transparency to the high-performance ET *** global explanation using the Shapely values indicated that the top three features contributing to the goodware class are:Ljava/net/URL;->openConnection,Landroid/location/LocationManager;->getLastKgoodwarewnLocation,and *** the other hand,the top three features contributing to themalware class are Receive_Boot_Completed,Get_Tasks,and Kill_Background_*** is believed that the proposedmodel can contribute to proactively detectingmalware events in Android devices to reduce the number of victims and increase users’trust.

关键词： Android malware machine learning malware detection explainable artificial intelligence cyber security

Overflow phenomenon in serum lutein after supplementation:a systematic review supported with SNPs analyses

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第7期14卷 1114-1119页

作者： abdulrahman M Alharbi mohammed A Kilani Tos TJM Berendschot Clinical Biochemistry Unit Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineCollege of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Public Health Authority of Saudi Arabia Riyadh 13352Saudi Arabia University Eye Clinic Maastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6229HXThe Netherlands

Lutein,a type of carotenoids,is found to delay the onset and progression of age-related macular degeneration(AMD).Several lutein supplementation studies showed that after an initial increase,lutein serum levels demonstrated a subsequent decrease despite continuous *** this systematic literature review,this obscure phenomenon was tried to be *** subsequent drop in lutein levels was postulated due to down-regulation of lutein receptors scavenger receptor class B typeⅠ(SR-BI)in the gastrointestinal tract,upregulation of lutein degrading enzymeβ-carotene dioxygenase(BCDO2),or perhaps a combination of *** single nucleotides polymorphisms(SNPs)that could have influence on the occurrence of this *** date,an exact scientific explanation for this phenomenon has not been *** research is needed to investigate this phenomenon in depth to reach an irrefutable explanation,giving that lutein is proven to be effective in delaying the onset and progression of AMD and its metabolism in the human body becomes of equal importance.

关键词： lutein macular degeneration carotenoids xanthophylls β-carotene dioxygenase scavenger receptor class B typeⅠ

Blood Vessel Segmentation with Classification Model for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 2265-2281页

作者： abdullah O.Alamoudi Sarah mohammed Allabun Department of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging College of Applied Medical SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Education College of MedicinePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Biomedical image processing is finding useful in healthcare sector for the investigation,enhancement,and display of images gathered by distinct imaging *** retinopathy(DR)is an illness caused by diabetes complications and leads to irreversible injury to the retina blood *** vessel segmentation techniques are a basic element of automated retinal disease screening *** this view,this study presents a novel blood vessel segmentation with deep learning based classification(BVS-DLC)model forDRdiagnosis using retinal fundus *** proposed BVS-DLC model involves different stages of operations such as preprocessing,segmentation,feature extraction,and ***,the proposed model uses the median filtering(MF)technique to remove the noise that exists in the *** addition,a multilevel thresholding based blood vessel segmentation process using seagull optimization(SGO)with Kapur’s entropy is ***,the shark optimization algorithm(SOA)with Capsule Networks(CapsNet)model with softmax layer is employed for DR detection and *** range of simulations was performed on the MESSIDOR dataset and the results are investigated interms of different *** simulation results ensured the better performance of the proposed model compared to other existing techniques interms of sensitivity,specificity,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,accuracy,and F-score.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy deep learning blood vessel segmentation metaheuristics image processing messidor dataset