Background: Chondrocytes in the growth plate(GP) undergo increases in volume during different cascades of cell differentiation during longitudinal bone growth. The volume increase is reported to be the most significan...
详细信息
Background: Chondrocytes in the growth plate(GP) undergo increases in volume during different cascades of cell differentiation during longitudinal bone growth. The volume increase is reported to be the most significant variable in understanding the mechanism of long bone ***: Forty-five postnatal Sprague-Dawley rat pups, 7-15 days old were divided into nine age groups(P7-P15). Five pups were allocated to each group. The rats were sacrificed and tibia and metatarsal bones were harvested. Bone lengths were measured after 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours of ex vivo incubation. Histology of bones was carried out, and GP lengths and chondrocyte densities were ***: There were significant differences in bone length among the age groups after 0 and 72 hours of incubation. Histological sectioning was possible in metatarsal bone from all age groups, and in tibia from 7-to 13-day-old rats. No significant differences in tibia and metatarsal GP lengths were seen among different age groups at 0 and 72 hours of incubation. Significant differences in chondrocyte densities along the epiphyseal GP of the bones between 0 and 72 hours of incubation were observed in most of the age ***: Ex vivo growth of tibia and metatarsal bones of rats aged 7-15 days old is possible, with percentage growth rates of 23.87 ± 0.80% and 40.38 ± 0.95%measured in tibia and metatarsal bone, respectively. Histological sectioning of bones was carried out without the need for decalcification in P7-P13 tibia and P7-P15 metatarsal bone. Increases in chondrocyte density along the GP influence overall bone elongation.
Let R be a*-ring with the center Z(R)and N be the set of nonnegative *** this paper,it is shown that if R contains a nontrivial self-adjoint idempotent which admits a generalized Lie higher derivable mapping△={G_(n)}...
详细信息
Let R be a*-ring with the center Z(R)and N be the set of nonnegative *** this paper,it is shown that if R contains a nontrivial self-adjoint idempotent which admits a generalized Lie higher derivable mapping△={G_(n)}_(n∈N)associated with a*-Lie higher derivable mapping L={L_(n)}_(n∈N),then for any X,Y in R and for each n in N there exists an element Z_(X,Y)(depending on X and Y)in the center Z(R)such that G_(n)(X+Y)=G_(n)(X)+G_(n)(Y)+Z_(X,Y).
Cerebral intracranial aneurysms are serious problems that can lead to stroke,coma,and even *** effect of blood flow on cerebral aneurysms and their relationship with rupture are *** addition,postural changes and their...
详细信息
Cerebral intracranial aneurysms are serious problems that can lead to stroke,coma,and even *** effect of blood flow on cerebral aneurysms and their relationship with rupture are *** addition,postural changes and their relevance to haemodynamics of blood flow are difficult to measure in vivo using clinical imaging *** simulations investigating the detailed haemodynamics in cerebral aneurysms have been developed in recent times not only to understand the progression and rupture but also for clinical evaluation and *** the present study,the haemodynamics of a patient-specific case of a large aneurysm on the left side internal carotid bifurcation(LICA)and no aneurysm on the right side internal carotid bifurcation(RICA)was *** simulation of these patient-specific models using fluid–structure interaction provides a valuable comparison of flow behavior between normal and aneurysm *** influences of postural changes were investigated during standing,sleeping,and head-down(HD)*** changes in flow were observed during the HD position and quit high arterial blood pressure in the internal carotid artery(ICA)aneurysm model was established when compared to the normal ICA *** velocity increased abruptly during the HD position by more than four times(LICA and RICA)and wall shear stress by four times(LICA)to ten times(RICA).The complex spiral flow and higher pressures prevailing within the dome increase the risk of aneurysm rupture.
暂无评论