The estimation of residual displacements in a structure due to an anticipated earthquake event has increasingly become an important component of performance-based earthquake engineering because controlling these displ...
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The estimation of residual displacements in a structure due to an anticipated earthquake event has increasingly become an important component of performance-based earthquake engineering because controlling these displacements plays an important role in ensuring cost-feasible or cost-effective repairs in a damaged structure after the *** attempt is made in this study to obtain statistical estimates of constant-ductility residual displacement spectra for bilinear and pinching oscillators with 5%initial damping,directly in terms of easily available seismological,site,and model *** of the available models for the bilinear and pinching oscillators are useful when design spectra for a seismic hazard at a site are not *** statistical estimates of a residual displacement spectrum are proposed in terms of earthquake magnitude,epicentral distance,site geology parameter,and three model parameters for a given set of ductility demand and a hysteretic energy capacity coefficient in the case of bilinear and pinching models,as well as for a given set of pinching parameters for displacement and strength at the breakpoint in the case of pinching model *** proposed scaling model is applicable to horizontal ground motions in the western *** earthquake magnitudes less than 7 or epicentral distances greater than 20 km.
Tomato is an important field crop,and nutritional imbalances frequently reduce its *** and Recommendation Integrated System(DRIS),uses ratios for nutrient deficiency diagnosis instead of absolute concentration in plan...
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Tomato is an important field crop,and nutritional imbalances frequently reduce its *** and Recommendation Integrated System(DRIS),uses ratios for nutrient deficiency diagnosis instead of absolute concentration in plant *** this study,local DRIS norms for the field tomatoes were established and the nutrient(s)limiting tomatoes yield were *** leaves were analyzed for nutrients,to identify nutritional status using the DRIS *** hundred tomatoes fields were selected from Chatter Plain Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the Sheikupura Punjab *** first fully matured leaf was sampled,rinsed,dried and ground for analyzing P,K,Ca,Mg,Cu,Fe,Mn and Zn using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer(ICP AES).Plant tissue N and S were measured by the combustion *** tomatoes yields were recorded at each *** data were divided into high-yielding(≥3.79 kg/10 plant)and low-yielding(<3.79 kg/10 plant)populations and norms were computed using standard DRIS ***-yielding plant population had a statistically greater mean S and Fe than the low-yielding *** average balance index,the sum of functions,for S and Fe were−11.04 and−5.17 which reflected deficiency of S and *** nutrients norms established may optimize plant nutrition in field tomatoes for high yield.
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