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RoGRUT: A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Detecting Power Trapping in smart Grids

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3175-3192页

作者： Farah mohammad saad al-Ahmadi Jalal al-Muhtadi Center of Excellence in Information Assurance(CoEIA) King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia College of Computer&Information sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

Electricity theft is a widespread non-technical issue that has a negative impact on both power grids and electricity *** hinders the economic growth of utility companies,poses electrical risks,and impacts the high energy costs borne by *** development of smart grids is crucial for the identification of power theft since these systems create enormous amounts of data,including information on client consumption,which may be used to identify electricity theft using machine learning and deep learning ***,there also exist different solutions such as hardware-based solutions to detect electricity theft that may require human resources and expensive ***-based solutions are presented in the literature to identify electricity theft but due to the dimensionality curse,class imbalance issue and improper hyper-parameter tuning of such models lead to poor *** this research,a hybrid deep learning model abbreviated as RoGRUT is proposed to detect electricity theft as amalicious and non-malicious *** key steps of the RoGRUT are data preprocessing that covers the problem of class imbalance,feature extraction and final theft *** advanced-level models like RoBERTa is used to address the curse of dimensionality issue,the near miss for class imbalance,and transfer learning for *** effectiveness of the RoGRUTis evaluated using the dataset fromactual smartmeters.A significant number of simulations demonstrate that,when compared to its competitors,the RoGRUT achieves the best classification *** performance evaluation of the proposed model revealed exemplary results across *** accuracy achieved was 88%,with precision at an impressive 86%and recall reaching 84%.The F1-score,a measure of overall performance,stood at 85%.Furthermore,themodel exhibited a noteworthyMatthew correlation coefficient of 78%and excelled with an area under the curve of 91%.

关键词： Electricity theft smart grid RoBERTa GRU transfer learning

Cloud Datacenter selection Using service Broker Policies:A survey

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第4期139卷 1-41页

作者： salam al-E’mari Yousef sanjalawe Ahmad al-Daraiseh mohammad Bany Taha mohammad aladaileh Department of Information security Faculty of ITUniversity of PetraAmman11196Jordan Department of Cybersecurity School of ITAmerican University of Madaba(AUM)Amman11821Jordan Department of Computer science School of ITAmerican University of Madaba(AUM)Amman11821Jordan Department of Data science and Artificial Intelligence School of ITAmerican University of Madaba(AUM)Amman11821Jordan

Amid the landscape of Cloud Computing(CC),the Cloud Datacenter(DC)stands as a conglomerate of physical servers,whose performance can be hindered by bottlenecks within the realm of proliferating CC services.A linchpin in CC’s performance,the Cloud service Broker(CsB),orchestrates DC *** to adroitly route user requests with suitable DCs transforms the CsB into a bottleneck,endangering service *** tackle this,deploying an efficient CsB policy becomes imperative,optimizing DC selection to meet stringent Qualityof-service(Qos)*** numerous CsB policies,their implementation grapples with challenges like costs and *** article undertakes a holistic review of diverse CsB policies,concurrently surveying the predicaments confronted by current *** foremost objective is to pinpoint research gaps and remedies to invigorate future policy ***,it extensively clarifies various DC selection methodologies employed in CC,enriching practitioners and researchers *** synthetic analysis,the article systematically assesses and compares myriad DC selection *** analytical insights equip decision-makers with a pragmatic framework to discern the apt technique for their *** summation,this discourse resoundingly underscores the paramount importance of adept CsB policies in DC selection,highlighting the imperative role of efficient CsB policies in optimizing CC *** emphasizing the significance of these policies and their modeling implications,the article contributes to both the general modeling discourse and its practical applications in the CC domain.

关键词： Cloud computing cloud service broker datacenter selection quality-of-service user request

Improving the segmentation of Arabic Handwriting Using Ligature Detection Technique

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2015-2034页

作者： Husam Ahmad al Hamad mohammad shehab College of Computer sciences and Informatics Amman Arab UniversityAmman11953Jordan

Recognizing handwritten characters remains a critical and formidable challenge within the realm of computervision. although considerable strides have been made in enhancing English handwritten character recognitionthrough various techniques, deciphering Arabic handwritten characters is particularly intricate. This complexityarises from the diverse array of writing styles among individuals, coupled with the various shapes that a singlecharacter can take when positioned differently within document images, rendering the task more perplexing. Inthis study, a novel segmentation method for Arabic handwritten scripts is suggested. This work aims to locatethe local minima of the vertical and diagonal word image densities to precisely identify the segmentation pointsbetween the cursive letters. The proposed method starts with pre-processing the word image without affectingits main features, then calculates the directions pixel density of the word image by scanning it vertically and fromangles 30° to 90° to count the pixel density fromall directions and address the problem of overlapping letters, whichis a commonly attitude in writing Arabic texts by many people. Local minima and thresholds are also determinedto identify the ideal segmentation area. The proposed technique is tested on samples obtained fromtwo datasets: Aself-curated image dataset and the IFN/ENIT dataset. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achievesa significant improvement in the proportions of cursive segmentation of 92.96% on our dataset, as well as 89.37%on the IFN/ENIT dataset.

关键词： Arabic handwritten segmentation image processing ligature detection technique intelligent recognition

High-throughput computational screening and in vitro evaluation identifies 5-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)-2-[3-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione(C3),as a novel EGFR—HER2 dual inhibitor in gastric tumors

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Oncology Research 2024年第2期32卷 251-259页

作者： MEsFER al sHAHRANI REEM GAHTANI mohammad ABOHAssAN mohammad alsHAHRANI YAssER alRAEY AYED DERA mohammad RAJEH AsIRI PRAsANNA RAJAGOPalAN Department of Clinical Laboratory sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

Gastric cancers are caused primarily due to the activation and amplification of the EGFR or HER2 kinases resulting in cell proliferation,adhesion,angiogenesis,and *** therapies are ineffective due to the intra-tumoral heterogeneity and concomitant genetic ***,dual inhibition strategies are recommended to increase potency and reduce *** this study,we have conducted computational high-throughput screening of the ChemBridge library followed by in vitro assays and identified novel selective inhibitors that have a dual impediment of EGFR/HER2 kinase ***-based High-throughput Virtual screening(D-HTVs)was used to screen the whole ChemBridge small molecular library against EGFR and *** atomistic molecular dynamic simulation was conducted to understand the dynamics and stability of the protein-ligand ***/HER2 kinase enzymes,KATOIII,and snu-5 cells were used for in vitro *** atomistic Molecular Dynamics simulations followed by solvent-based Gibbs binding free energy calculation of top molecules,identified compound C3(5-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)-2-[3-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione)to have a good affinity for both EGFR and *** predicted compound,C3,was promising with better binding energy,good binding pose,and optimum interactions with the EGFR and HER2 residues.C3 inhibited EGFR and HER2 kinases with IC50 values of 37.24 and 45.83 nM,*** GI50 values of C3 to inhibit KATOIII and snu-5 cells were 84.76 and 48.26 nM,*** on these findings,we conclude that the identified compound C3 showed a conceivable dual inhibitory activity on EGFR/HER2 kinase,and therefore can be considered as a plausible lead-like molecule for treating gastric cancers with minimal side effects,though testing in higher models with pharmacokinetic approach is required.

关键词： Dual inhibitor Drug discovery EGFR/HER2 kinase Gastric cancer High-throughput screening

A Review of Image steganography Based on Multiple Hashing algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2463-2494页

作者： Abdullah alenizi mohammad sajid mohammadi Ahmad A.al-Hajji Arshiya sajid Ansari Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science College of Engineering and Information TechnologyOnaizah CollegesQassim56312Saudi Arabia

steganography is a technique for hiding secret messages while sending and receiving communications through a cover *** ancient times to the present,the security of secret or vital information has always been a significant *** development of secure communication methods that keep recipient-only data transmissions secret has always been an area of ***,several approaches,including steganography,have been developed by researchers over time to enable safe data *** this review,we have discussed image steganography based on Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT)algorithm,*** have also discussed image steganography based on multiple hashing algorithms like the Rivest–shamir–Adleman(RsA)method,the Blowfish technique,and the hash-least significant bit(LsB)*** this review,a novel method of hiding information in images has been developed with minimal variance in image bits,making our method secure and effective.A cryptography mechanism was also used in this *** encoding the data and embedding it into a carry image,this review verifies that it has been ***,embedded text in photos conveys crucial signals about the *** review employs hash table encryption on the message before hiding it within the picture to provide a more secure method of data *** the message is ever intercepted by a third party,there are several ways to stop this operation.A second level of security process implementation involves encrypting and decrypting steganography images using different hashing algorithms.

关键词： Image steganography multiple hashing algorithms Hash-LsB approach RsA algorithm discrete cosine transform(DCT)algorithm blowfish algorithm

Are gender inclusiveness and rural transformation interlinked?The case of Bangladesh

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2112-2126页

作者： Maria Fay Rola-Rubzen mohammad Jahangir alam Jon Marx sarmiento Ismat Ara Begum al Amin al Abbasi subrata saha UWA school of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia Department of Agribusiness and Marketing Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Economics Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh

Gender inclusiveness is important in the rural transformation process of Bangladesh as rural women play key roles in both agricultural and non-agricultural *** inclusiveness also leads to gender *** empirically evaluate relationships between rural transformation and gender inclusiveness in *** consider three rural transformation indicators:high-value commodities’share in agricultural output values,non-farm employment’s share in rural labor employment,and non-agricultural GDP’s share in total *** capturing gender inclusiveness include the per capita rural income of males and females,ratio of investments into gender programs,female access to education,access to healthcare,employment participation,land ownership,and asset *** test the effect of the difference in per capita rural income of males and females and the ratio of their incomes and check for the robustness of the gender variables across different model *** 128 district-level observations from 32 districts of Bangladesh across four time periods(2000,2005,2010 and 2016),we use both ordinary least squares and fixed effects panel regression *** find that female land and asset ownership and access to education and healthcare are robust determinants of various stages of rural ***,our results suggest that improving women’s ownership of land and assets and investing in women’s education and healthcare will likely contribute to a more inclusive rural transformation.

关键词： rural transformation Bangladesh gender inclusiveness investments on women

Modern Mobile Malware Detection Framework Using Machine Learning and Random Forest algorithm

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Computer systems science & Engineering 2024年第5期48卷 1171-1191页

作者： mohammad Ababneh Ayat al-Droos Ammar El-Hassan school of Computing sciences Princess Sumaya University for TechnologyAmman11941Jordan

With the high level of proliferation of connected mobile devices,the risk of intrusion becomes *** Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)algorithms started to feature in protection software and showed effective *** algorithms are nonetheless hindered by the lack of rich datasets and compounded by the appearance of new categories of malware such that the race between attackers’malware,especially with the assistance of Artificial Intelligence tools and protection solutions makes these systems and frameworks lose effectiveness *** this article,we present a framework for mobile malware detection based on a new dataset containing new categories of mobile *** focus on categories of malware that were not tested before by Machine Learning algorithms proven effective in malware *** carefully select an optimal number of features,do necessary preprocessing,and then apply Machine Learning algorithms to discover malicious code *** our experiments,we have found that the Random Forest algorithm is the best-performing algorithm with such mobile malware with detection rates of around 99%.We compared our results from this work and found that they are aligned well with our previous *** also compared our work with state-of-the-Art works of others and found that the results are very close and competitive.

关键词： Android malware detect prevent artificial intelligence machine learning mobile CICMalDroid2020 CCCsCIC-AndMal-2020

Gut microbiota predicts the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis in saudi children

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 118-124页

作者： mohammad El Mouzan Ahmed al sarkhy Asaad Assiri Department of Pediatrics Gastroenterology UnitKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11461Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory condition with a worldwide *** the etiology of this disease is still unknown,the understanding of the role of the microbiota is becoming increasingly *** To investigate the predictive power of the gut microbiota for the diagnosis of UC in a cohort of newly diagnosed treatment-naïve saudi children with *** The study population included 20 children with a confirmed diagnosis of UC and 20 healthy *** DNA was extracted and sequenced,and shotgun metagenomic analysis was performed for bacteria and *** and bioinformatics demonstrated significant dysbiosis in the form of reduced alpha diversity,beta diversity,and significant difference of abundance of taxa between children with UC and control *** receiver operating characteristic curve,a probability curve,was used to determine the difference between the UC and control *** area under the curve(AUC)represents the degree of separability between the UC group and the control *** AUC was calculated for all identified bacterial species and for bacterial species identified by the random forest classification algorithm as important potential biomarkers of UC.A similar method of AUC calculation for all bacteriophages and important species was *** The median age and range were 14(0.5-21)and 12.9(6.8-16.3)years for children with UC and controls,respectively,and 40%and 35%were male for children with UC and controls,*** AUC for all identified bacterial species was 89.5%.However,when using the bacterial species identified as important by random forest classification algorithm analysis, the accuracy increased to 97.6%. similarly, the AUC for all theidentified bacteriophages was 87.4%, but this value increased to 94.5% when the important bacteriophagebiomarkers were *** very high to excellent AUCs of fecal bacterial and viral species sugge

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Microbiota Area under the curve Children saudi Arabia

A Novel Layered Double Hydroxide and Dodecyl alcohol Assisted PCM Composite with High Latent Heat storage Capacity and Thermal Conductivity

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Journal of Thermal science 2024年第2期33卷 537-547页

作者： al-AHMED Amir sARI Ahmet KHAN Firoz al-RAsHEIDI Masoud Hekimoğlu Gökhan AFZAal mohammad A.alsULAMI Ahmed DAFalLA Hatim salHI Billel A.alsULAIMAN Fahad Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power systems(IRC-REPs) King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering Karadeniz Technical UniversityTrabzon61080Turkey Maths and Natural sciences Division Higher Colleges of TechnologyP.O.Box 7947SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Core Research Facilities King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water security King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Dodecyl alcohol(DDA) is a promising solid-liquid phase change material(PCM) due to its favorable latent heat storage(LHs) ***,the leakage issue of PCM in a melted state during the heating period and low thermal conductivity restricts its utilization potential in thermal energy storage(TEs) *** the same context,the present work aims to overcome the leakage issue and improve the thermal conductivity of the *** this in mind,a novel leak-proof layered double hydroxide(LDH)/DDA composite PCM is proposed through a solution-based impregnation *** leak-proof impregnation ratio of the DDA impregnated within the cavities of the synthesized al/Fe-LDH was determined to be 60%.Detailed morphological,physicochemical,and thermal properties of the fabricated composite were studied by scanning electron microscopy(sEM),Fourier transforms infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD)spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry(DsC),thermalgravimetric analysis(TGA),and thermal cycling *** results show that the LDH/DDA composite has a suitable phase change temperature(about 20℃) for passive solar thermal management of building *** composite PCM showed high LHs enthalpy(about136 J/g),good thermal stability,and cycling LHs *** also showed nearly 152% higher thermal conductivity compared to that of pure DDA,ultimately reducing the melting and solidification time of the pure DDA by 44.9% and 45.5%,respectively.

关键词： dodecyl alcohol layered double hydroxide composite PCM thermal conductivity thermal energy storage(TEs)