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Revealing connectivity in residential Architecture: An algorithmic approach to extracting adjacency matrices from floor plans

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第2期13卷 370-386页

作者： mohammad Amin Moradi Omid mohammadrashidi Navid Niazkar Morteza rahbar School of Architecture and Engineering University College of RouzbahanMazandaranIran School of Architecture Islamic Azad UniversitySafaDasht CampusTehranIran A.James Clark School of Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA School of Architecture and Environmental Design Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran

In today's world, various approaches and parameters exist for designing a plan and determining its spatial, placement. Hence, various modes for identifying crucial locations can be explored when an architectural plan is designed in different dimensions. While designing all these modes takes considerable time, there are numerous potential applications for artificial intelligence (AI) in this domain. This study aims to compute and use an adjacency matrix to generate architectural residential plans. Additionally, it develops a plan generation algorithm in Rhinoceros software, utilizing the Grasshopper plugin to create a dataset of architectural plans. In the following step, the data was entered into a neural network to identify the architectural plan's type, furniture, icons, and use of spaces, which was achieved using YOLOv4, EfficientDet, YOLOv5, DetectoRS, and RetinaNet. The algorithm's execution, testing, and training were conducted using Darknet and PyTorch. The research dataset comprises 12,000 plans, with 70% employed in the training phase and 30% in the testing phase. The network was appropriately trained practically and precisely in relation to an average precision (AP) resulting of 91.50%. After detecting the types of space use, the main research algorithm has been designed and coded, which includes determining the adjacency matrix of architectural plan spaces in seven stages. All research processes were conducted in Python, including dataset preparation, network object detection, and adjacency matrix algorithm design. Finally, the adjacency matrix is given to the input of the proposed plan generator network, which consequently, based on the resulting adjacency, obtains different placement modes for spaces and furniture.

关键词： Algorithm design Adjacency matrix Generate floor plan Detection plan

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Survey of epidemiology and bacteriology features of cholera in Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第1期3卷 45-47页

作者： mohammad rahbar Mohsen Zahraei Aboulgasm Omidvarnia mohammad Taqi Afshani Mostafa Glami Rogaeieh Sabourian Shahla Farsi Hosein gholami Saeid Mahdavi Parisa Islami Mona mohammad Zadeh Massoud Hajia Azar Valipour Rana Amini Department of Microbiology Iranian Reference Health LaboratoryHafez StreetZartoshteian AveKeikhosrow Shahrookh AlleyNo 48TehranIran Department of Food Borne Disease Control Center for Disease Control and Prevention of IranHefez StreetTehranIran Department of Microbiology Central LaboratoryMilad HospitalHemmat High Way TehranIran

Objective:To determine epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Vibrio(V.) cholerae O1 biotype EL Tor in summer outbreak of 2008 in ***:Stool samples were collected from patients suspected to have cholera admitted to hospitals and *** examined by conventional bacteriological *** isolates were sent to cholera reference laboratory for further confirmation,stereotyping and susceptibility ***:A total of 220 patients were diagnosed as *** cases confirmed by Iranian reference health *** hundred ninety nine of 220 *** serotypes were Inaba and 21 serotypes were *** cases were reported from thirteen *** majorities of cases were from Tehran,Qum and Zahedan provinces with 56,26 and 25 cases respectively.24(11%) of patients were under 15 years old and 196(89%) of patients were older than 15 years.149(68%) of patients were male and 71(32 %) were female.129(59%) of patients had Iranian nationality,79(36.5%) were from Afghanistan and,12(5%) were from *** isolates were resistant to co-trimoxazole,nalidixic acid,furazolidone,and intermediate to chloramphenicol and were susceptible to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin,and ***:Our study reveals that in recent outbreak caused by *** EL Tor serotype Inaba is the predominant *** isolates are resistant to cotrimoxazole. nalidix acid and furazolidon.

关键词： Cholera Epidemiology Drug resistance

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Molecular Detection and Association of QnrA, QnrB, QnrSand BlaCMYResistance Genes among Clinical Isolates of Salmonellaspp. in Iran

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Advances in Microbiology 2014年第1期4卷 63-68页

作者： Raheleh Saboohi Bahareh Rajaei Nahid Sepehri Rad Mohamad Reza Razavi mohammad Reza Aghasadeghi Arfa Moshiri Ahmad Reza Bahremand Keivan Kave Peiman Kave Mehrangiz Zangeneh mohammad rahbar Sara Khorami Sarvestani Seyed Davar Siadat Department of Infectious Diseases Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Branch Tehran Iran Department of Microbiology Iranian References Laboratory Research Center Ministry of Health and Medical Education Tehran Iran Department of Microbiology Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran Department of Microbiology Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran Department of Mycobacteriology & Lung Research Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran Department of Microbiology Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran Department of Stem Cells Division of Nanobiomaterials and Tissue Engineering National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Tehran Iran Department of Microbiology Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Mycobacteriology & Lung Research Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran Department of Veterinary Medicine Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran Hope Generation Foundation Tehran Iran School of Management and Medical Informatics Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran

Prevalence of three plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnrA, qnrB, qnrS and extended spectrum Cephalosporins determinant blaCMY, among eighty-five isolates of Salmonella spp. collected in the community between 2008 and 2010 was determined by PCR. Not only qnr genes but also bla genes were positive in twenty-four different isolates. PCR assay detected that 22 of 85 (25.8%) Salmonella spp. carried the qnrA, 1 (1.17%) of 85 isolates harbored the qnrB, 1 (1.17%) of them contained the qnrS, 1 (1.17%) isolate carried all the three qnrA, qnrB, qnrS genes, 24 of 85 (28.2%) Salmonella carried blaCMY and 5 (5.88%) isolates carried qnrA and blaCMY. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolates were as follows: 49 (57.6%) exhibited resistance to Nalidixic acid and none of them to Ciprofloxacin. 33 (38.82%) isolates exhibited resistance to Cephalosporins and 2 (2.35%) of them exhibited ESBL phenotype and 12 (14.1%) isolates resistance to Ampicilin. These results were confirmed by MIC determination test as well. Having detected qnr and bla genes suggested that these genes spread antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria.

关键词： QnrA QnrB QnrS ESBL (Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase) BlaCMY

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Burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and advanced fibrosis in a Texas Hispanic community cohort

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第11期7卷 1586-1594页

作者： Jen-Jung Pan Susan P Fisher-Hoch Chaoru Chen Ariel E Feldstein Joseph B Mc Cormick mohammad H rahbar Laura Beretta Michael B Fallon Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Internal Medicine the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health Brownsville Campus the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics University of California at San Diego Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences Department of Internal Medicine the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Division of Epidemiology Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences School of Public Health the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

AIM: To investigate the potential burden of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) and advanced fibrosis in a hispanic ***: Four hundred and forty two participants with available ultrasonography data from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort were included in this study. Each participant completed a comprehensive questionnaire regarding basic demographic information, medical history, medication use, and social and family history including alcohol use. Values of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score(NFS), FIB4 index, BARD score, and Aspartate aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index(APRI) were computed using the blood samples collected within 6 mo of liver ultrasonography from each participant. Hepatic steatosis was determined by ultrasonography. As part of univariable analysis, for continuous variables, comparisons among groups were performed with student-t test, one way analysis of variance, and Mann-Whitney test. Pearson χ2 and the Fisher exact test are used to assess differences in categorical variables. For multivariable analyses, logistic regression analyses were performed to identify characteristics associated with hepatic steatosis. All reported P values are based two-sided tests, and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical ***: The mean age and body mass index(BMI) of the study participants were 49.1 years and 31.3 kg/m2, respectively. Among them, 65.6% were females, 52% had hepatic steatosis, 49.5% had metabolic syndrome, and 29% had elevated aminotransferases. Based on established cut-offs for diagnostic panels, between 17%-63% of the entire cohort was predicted to have NASH with indeterminate or advanced fibrosis. Participants with hepatic steatosis had significantly higher BMI(32.9 ± 5.6 kg/m2 vs 29.6 ± 6.1 kg/m2, P < 0.001) and higher prevalence rates of elevation of ALT(42.2% vs 14.6%, P < 0.001), elevation of aspartate aminotransferase(38.7% vs 18.9%, P < 0.001), and metabolic syndrome(6

关键词： Noninvasive biomarkers Nonalcoholic fattyliver disease Hispanics Ultrasonography Liver fibrosis

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Hypoallergenic formula with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GGfor babies with colic:A pilot study of recruitment,retention,and fecal biomarkers

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2016年第1期7卷 160-170页

作者： Nicole Y Fatheree Yuying Liu Michael Ferris Melissa Van Arsdall Valarie McMurtry Marcela Zozaya Chunyan Cai mohammad H rahbar Manouchehr Hessabi Ta Vu Christine Wong Juleen Min Dat Q Tran Fernando Navarro Wallace Gleason Sara Gonzalez J Marc Rhoads Department of Pediatrics the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical SchoolHoustonTX 77030United States Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design Core Center for Clinical and Translational Sciencesthe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030United States Division of Epidemiology Human Genetics and Environmental Sciencesthe University of Texas School of Public Health at HoustonHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Pediatrics Louisiana State University Health Science Center and the Research Institute for ChildrenNew OrleansLA 70112United States Investigational Drug Services Pharmacy Memorial Hermann HospitalHoustonTX 77030United States

AIM: To investigate recruitment, retention, and estimates for effects of formula supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG(LGG) on inflammatory biomarkers and fecal microbial community in infants with colic. METHODS: A prospective, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial was conducted in otherwise healthy infants with colic. We screened 74 infants and randomized and analyzed results in 20 infants [9 receiving LGG(LGG+) and 11 not receiving LGG(LGG-)]. LGG was incorporated in the formula(Nutramigen~®)(minimum of 3 × 107 CFU/d) in the LGG+ group. Fecal microbiota and inflammatory biomarkers, including fecal calprotectin(FC), plasma cytokines, circulating regulatory T cells(Tregs), and crying + fussing time were analyzed to determine optimal time points and effect sizes for a larger trial. RESULTS: Recruitment in this population was slow, with about 66% of eligible infants willing to enroll; subject retention was better(75%). These rates were influenced by parents' reluctance to volunteer their infant for a clinical trial and by their tendency to change formulas. The maximal difference of crying + fussing time was observed at day 14, comparing the 2 groups, with a mean difference of-91(95%CI:-76, 259) min(P = NS). FC showed no significant difference, but the optimal time to determine a potential effect was at day 90 [with a mean difference of 121(95%CI:-48, 291) μg/g stool], observing a lower level of FC in the LGG+ group. The fecal microbial communities were chaotic, as determined by Shannon's diversity index and not apparently influenced by the probiotic. No significant change was observed in plasma inflammatory cytokines or Tregs, comparing LGG+ to LGG- groups. CONCLUSION: Designing future colic trials involving a probiotic-supplemented formula for infants in the United States will require consideration for difficult enrollment. Infants with colic have major variations in feal microbiota and calprotectin, both of which improve with time, with optimal time p

关键词： Barr diary Regulatory T cells Cytokines Crying Fussing Probiotic Inflammation Biomarker Newborn Intestine

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Development of a microfluidic-chip system based on parallel flow for intensified Gd(Ⅲ)extraction from nitrate media using cationic extractant

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第11期36卷 1198-1204页

作者： All Abbasi Ahmad rahbar-Kelishami mohammad Javad Ghaserni Research lab for Advanced Separation Processes Department of ChemicalPetroleum and Gas EngineeringIron University of Science&Technology(IUST)Narmak 16846-13114TehranIran

Microfluidic solvent extraction （micro SX） of gadolinium was conducted using a mono- and diester mixture （MDEHPA） as the cationic extractant. A microfluidic Y-Y channel was fabricated using CO2- laser technique in a glass microchip used as the extraction system. Compared with batch extraction, extraction kinetic is found fast, and extraction equilibrium is attained within 15 s. Stoichiometry of the extracted complex is found to be Gd（NOs）3-3MDEHPA using log-log plot method. Additionally, the operating parameters and overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient （kLα） were investigated to determine the mass transfer performance. Optimal condition of microextraction for gadolinium using response surface methodology was determined （feed solutions 31 mg/L adjusted to pH value 2.5, extractant concentration 2.9 vol% and extraction time 13.5 s）. In optimal condition, gadolinium extraction yield is obtained 95.5%. Findings of this study approve simplicity, portability, effectiveness, swiftness, and environmental friendliness microfluidic solvent extraction process and reveal that micro SX is useful in the field of extraction strategic metals present at low concentrations, which are otherwise not technically amenable or economically feasible to extract using current traditional methods.

关键词： Gadolinium Solvent extraction Microfluidics Rare earth element (REE) Liquid phase microextraction CO2 engraving

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Resistance of Helicobacter pylori to furazolidone and levofloxacin: A viewpoint

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第37期23卷 6920-6922页

作者： mohammad Zamani Arash rahbar Javad Shokri-Shirvani Student Research Committee Babol University of Medical Sciences Cancer Research Center Health Re-search Institute Babol University of Medical Sciences Student Research Committee Babol University of Medical Sciences Department of Internal Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences

In their review, Arslan et al[1] did not describe the status of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) treatment with furazolidone and the resistance to this antibiotic. We have presented different surveys showing the resistance of H. pylori to furazolidone from Asia and South America. The resistance rates varied but were mostly low(< 5%). There are not enough data on its efficacy and resistance in the United States and Europe. H. pylori mutations occurring in the oor D gene, including A041 G, A122 G, C349A(G), A78 G, A112 G, A335 G, C156 T and C165 T, and in the por D gene, including G353 A, A356 G, C357 T, C347 T, C347 G and C346 A, have been indicated to be possibly related to the observed resistance. Additionally, to complete Arslan et al 's statement regarding levofloxacin resistance, it should be noted that compound mutations of N87 A, A88 N and V65 I at codon Asn-87 were recently observed in the gyr A gene for the first time. However, the results on these topics are not sufficient, and more worldwide studies are suggested.

关键词： Susceptibility Furazolidone Helicobacter pylori Resistance Levofloxacin Treatment

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Relativistic Schrodinger Wave Equation for Hydrogen Atom Using Factorization Method

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Open Journal of Microphysics 2013年第1期3卷 1-7页

作者： mohammad Reza Pahlavani Hossein rahbar Mohsen Ghezelbash Department of Physics Faculty of sciencesUniversity of MazandaranBabolsarIran

In this investigation a simple method developed by introducing spin to Schrodinger equation to study the relativistic hydrogen atom. By separating Schrodinger equation to radial and angular parts, we modify these parts to the associated Laguerre and Jacobi differential equations, respectively. Bound state Energy levels and wave functions of relativistic Schrodinger equation for Hydrogen atom have been obtained. Calculated results well matched to the results of Dirac’s relativistic theory. Finally the factorization method and supersymmetry approaches in quantum mechanics, give us some first order raising and lowering operators, which help us to obtain all quantum states and energy levels for different values of the quantum numbers n and m.

关键词： Relativistic Schrodinger Wave Equation Factorization Method Ladder Operators Supersymmetry Spin

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