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Functional constipation in Bangladeshi school aged children:A hidden misty at community

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2022年第2期11卷 160-172页

作者： Md Benzamin ASM Bazlul Karim Md Rukunuzzaman Md Wahiduzzaman Mazumder Masud Rana Rubaiyat Alam mohammad majharul islam Md Shafiul Alam Kamal Hossen Afsana Yasmin Kaniz Fathema Mukesh Khadga Aisharza Sultana Aishy Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujib Medical UniversityDhaka 1000Bangladesh Department of Outpatient Hazi Asmot Medical CentreBhairab 2350Bangladesh Department of Paediatric Nephrology Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujib Medical UniversityDhaka 1000Bangladesh Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College Sylhet 3100Bangladesh

BACKGROUND Constipation is a common problem in children and a frequent cause of hospital visit in both primary&specialized care,which needs proper evaluation&*** of constipation is variable among *** Bangladesh there has been no published data regarding constipation in community among school aged *** To determine the magnitude of functional constipation and its risk factors in community among Bangladeshi school *** This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in different schools of Dhaka division,*** school aged children between 5-16 years of age who attended school were included in this *** were collected *** clinical history&physical examinations(without digital rectal examination)&available investigations(if done previously)were *** of functional constipation was done by Rome IV criteria and was compared with children without *** with any red flag sign,known chronic disease or any findings suggestive of organic disease and on treatment of constipation were *** analysis of the results was done by using Windows based software device with Statistical Packages for Social Science *** all statistical tests,P value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically *** Total study populations were 707 and male was 443 and female *** them,134(19%)children had *** constipated children,78 children fulfilled the Rome IV criteria for functional constipation and it was 11%of total *** age of children having functional constipation was 11.24±3.54 years and Male female ratio was 1:***,nausea,abdominal pain,hard stool,blood with hard stool,alternate hard and loose stool and fecal mass in left iliac fossa were analyzed between two group and all were significantly higher in children with functional constipation *** of school,where toilet numbers were inadequate had 2.5 time

关键词： Bangladesh Children Functional constipation

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Improved prediction of shear wave velocity for clastic sedimentary rocks using hybrid model with core data

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第6期13卷 1466-1477页

作者： mohammad islam Miah Department of Petroleum and Mining Engineering Chittagong University of Engineering and TechnologyChittagong4349Bangladesh

Accurate measurement of acoustic velocities of sedimentary rocks is essential for prediction of rock elastic constants and well failure analysis during drilling *** measurement by advanced logging tools such as dipole sonic imager is not always *** older wells,such data are not available in most ***,it is an alternate way to develop a reliable correlation to estimate the shear wave velocity from existing log and/or core *** objective of this research is to investigate the nature of dependency of different reservoir parameters on the shear wave velocity(VS) of clastic sedimentary rocks,and to identify the parameter/variable which shows the highest level of *** the study,data-driven connectionist models are developed using machine learning approach of least square support vector machine(LSSVM).The coupled simulated annealing(CSA) approach is utilized to optimize the tuning and kernel parameters in the model *** performance of the simulation-based model is evaluated using statistical *** is found that the most dependency predictor variable is the compressional wave velocity,followed by the rock porosity,bulk density and shale volume in turn.A new correlation is developed to estimate VS,which captures the most influential parameters of sedimentary *** new correlation is verified and compared with existing models using measured data of sandstone,and it exhibits a minimal error and high correlation coefficient(R^(2)-0.96).The hybridized LSSVM-CSA connectionist model development strategy can be applied for further analysis to predict rock mechanical ***,the improved correlation of VS can be adopted to estimate rock elastic constants and conduct wellbore failure analysis for safe drilling and field development decisions,reducing the exploration costs.

关键词： Machine learning Acoustic shear velocity Elastic constants Rock strength Geomechanics

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Sources and Ecological Risks of Heavy Metals in Soils Under Different Land Uses in Bangladesh

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Pedosphere 2019年第5期29卷 665-675页

作者： mohammad Saiful islam mohammad Kawser AHMED mohammad Habibullah AL-MAMUN Shah mohammad Asraful islam Department of Soil Science Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityDumkiPatuakhali 8602 (Bangladesh) Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National UniversityYokohama 240-8501 (Japan) Department of Oceanography University of DhakaDhaka 1000 (Bangladesh) Department of Fisheries University of DhakaDhaka 1000 (Bangladesh) Department of Plant Pathology Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityDumkiPatuakhali 8602 (Bangladesh)

Soil heavy metal pollution, influenced by both natural and anthropogenic factors, significantly reduces environmental quality. In this study, Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb in eight different land-use soils from Patuakhali District in Bangladesh were assessed. Concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb in soils were 1-87, 5-271, 4-181, 0-80, 0.2-24.0, and 5-276 mg kg-1, respectively, measured using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer. The enrichment factor, pollution load index (PLI), and contamination factor (CJ) of metal i were used to assess the ecological risk posed by metals in soils. The PLI ranged from 0.78 to 2.66, indicating baseline levels to progressive deterioration of soil due to metal contamination. However, C;of Cd ranged from 1.8 to 12.0, which showed that the studied soils were strongly impacted by Cd. Considering the severity of the potential ecological risk of a single metal, the descending order was Cd > As > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cr. Soils under all land uses showed moderate to very high potential ecological risk.

关键词： Cd contamination factor degree of contamination enrichment factor environmental quality pollution load index soil deterioration soil pollution

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Risk factors for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children under two years of age

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国际眼科杂志 2025年第1期25卷 17-23页

作者： Rozhin Kasiri Gholamreza Khataminia Ali Kasiri mohammad Sadegh Mirdehghan mohammad Armin Kasiri Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvaz ***Iran islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Sciences Tehran ***Iran

·AIM:To identify various risk factors that may play a significant role in the development of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction(CNLDO).·METHODS:This observational case-control study included a case group of 122 children less than two years of age with CNLDO who underwent probing and irrigation treatment at the ophthalmology department of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz,Iran,from June 2022 to June2024.A control group of 122 age-matched children without CNLDO was also included for *** was collected from the children's medical records.·RESULTS:The study found a significant correlation between the occurrence of CNLDO and several maternal factors,such as preeclampsia,the use of levothyroxine,hypothyroidism,having more than three pregnancies(gravidity>3),natural pregnancy,and gestational diabetes ***,in children,factors,such as oxygen therapy,anemia,reflux,jaundice,and a family history of CNLDO in first-degree relatives were associated with CNLDO,and maternal preeclampsia and hypothyroidism were found to significantly increase the risk of developing CNLDO in children.·CONCLUSION:Given that CNLDO affects both premature and full-term children,the present findings may potentially facilitate the early identification of children and infants at risk of nasolacrimal duct obstruction,thereby preventing the onset of chronic dacryocystitis.

关键词： risk factors congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction children

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Erosion and runoff reduction potential of vetiver grass for hill slopes:A physical model study

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第1期38卷 49-65页

作者： Shamontee Aziz mohammad Shariful islam BUET-Japan Institute of Disaster Prevention and Urban Safety (BUET-JIDPUS) Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Department of Civil Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)

Severe erosion is caused by intense rainfall in tropical regions. The erodible soil of steep hill slopes,accompanied by destruction of vegetation due to human interventions results in accelerated erosion. A sustainable and cost-effective solution such as vetiver grass(Chrysopogon zizanioides) is, thus, required to control the erosion process. In the current study, 6 small-scale glass models: 1 bare and 5 with vetiver grass, having a slope angle of 37°have been constructed. One year after planting, artificial rainfall of extremely high intensity was applied to all 6 small models and the role of vetiver canopy and roots in erosion and runoff control was observed. To see the effect of soil texture, one among these 5 models was made with silty sand and others contained sandy silt. The results demonstrated that, for sandy silt, the inclusion of vetiver reduced the soil loss by 94%-97%, and soil detachment rates were lowered by 95%.The average runoff also was reduced by 21%. The canopy cover showed a positive impact on reducing both quantities. An increase in average root diameter from 1.6 to 2.5 mm increases the soil loss due to its negative impact on added cohesion. The added cohesion showed a linearly negative correlation with soil loss. A composite system of vetiver and jute geotextile was most effective in erosion reduction among 4vegetated models with sandy silt. Under same vetiver planting layout, the grass covered model of silty sand yielded 84% lower erosion and 62.5% lower runoff than the grass covered one with sandy silt. Thus,vetiver was more effective in erosion and runoff reduction for soil with a greater percentage of sand, and soil type dominated the erosion process.

关键词： Erosion Small-scale model experiments Surface runoff Artificial rainfall Vetiver

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Analysis of forest cover change at Khadimnagar National Park, Sylhet,Bangladesh, using Landsat TM and GIS data

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第2期25卷 393-400页

作者： mohammad Redowan Sharmin Akter Nusrat islam Department of Forestry and Environmental Science School of Agriculture and Mineral SciencesShahjalal University of Science and Technology

We mapped the forest cover of Khadimnagar National Park （KNP） of Sylhet Forest Division and estimated forest change over a period of 22 years （1988-2010） using Landsat TM images and other GIS data. Supervised classification and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） image classification approaches were applied to the images to produce three cover classes, viz. dense forest, medium dense forest, and bare land. The change map was produced by differencing classified imageries of 1988 and 2010 as before image and after image, respectively, in ERDAS IMAGINE. Error matrix and kappa statistics were used to assess the accuracy of the produced maps. Overall map accuracies resulting from supervised classification of 1988 and 2010 imageries were 84.6% （Kappa 0.75） and 87.5% （Kappa 0.80）, respec- tively. Forest cover statistics resulting from supervised classification showed that dense forest and bare land declined from 526 ha （67%） to 417 ha （59%） and 105 ha （13%） to 8 ha （1%）, respectively, whereas medium dense forest increased from 155 ha （20%） to 317 ha （40%）. Forest cover change statistics derived from NDVI classification showed that dense forest declined from 525 ha （67%） to 421 ha （54%） while medium dense forest increased from 253 ha （32%） to 356 ha （45%）. Both supervised and NDVI classification approaches showed similar trends of forest change, i.e. decrease of dense forest and increase of medium dense forest, which indicates dense forest has been converted to medium dense forest. Area of bare land was unchanged. Illicit felling, encroachment, and settlement near forests caused the dense forest decline while short and long rotation plantations raised in various years caused the increase in area of medium dense forest. Protective measures should be undertaken to check further degradation of forest at KNP.

关键词： forest cover Landsat TM supervised classification NDVI,change statistics error matrix

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Carbon mineralization in subtropical alluvial arable soils amended with sugarcane bagasse and rice husk biochars

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Pedosphere 2022年第3期32卷 475-486页

作者： mohammad Arifur RAHMAN mohammad Abdul KADER mohammad JAHIRUDDIN mohammad Rafiqul islam Zakaria mohammad SOLAIMAN Regional Agricultural Research Station(RARS) Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute(BARI)Jamalpur 2000(Bangladesh) School of Agriculture GeographyEnvironmentOcean and Natural SciencesUniversity of South PacificApia 1343(Samoa) Department of Soil Science Bangladesh Agricultural University(BAU)Mymensingh 2202(Bangladesh) UWA School of Agriculture&Environment and the UWA Institute of Agriculture PerthWA 6009(Australia) School of Veterinary and Life Science Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150(Australia)

Subtropical recent alluvial soils are low in organic carbon(C).Thus,increasing organic C is a major challenge to sustain soil *** amendment could be an option as biochar is a C-rich pyrolyzed material,which is slowly decomposed in *** investigated C mineralization(CO_(2)-C evolution)in two types of soils(recent and old alluvial soils)amended with two feedstocks(sugarcane bagasse and rice husk)(1%,weight/weight),as well as their biochars and aged biochars under a controlled environment(25±2℃)over 85 *** the recent alluvial soil(charland soil),the highest absolute cumulative CO_(2)-C evolution was observed in the sugarcane bagasse treatment(1140 mg CO_(2)-C kg^(-1)soil)followed by the rice husk treatment(1090 mg CO_(2)-C kg^(-1)soil);the lowest amount(150 mg CO_(2)-C kg^(-1)soil)was observed in the aged rice husk biochar ***,for the old alluvial soil(farmland soil),the highest absolute cumulative CO_(2)-C evolution(1290 mg CO_(2)-C kg^(-1)soil)was observed in the sugarcane bagasse treatment and then in the rice husk treatment(1270 mg CO_(2)-C kg^(-1)soil);the lowest amount(200 mg CO_(2)-C kg^(-1)soil)was in the aged rice husk biochar *** sugarcane bagasse and rice husk biochar treatments reduced absolute cumulative CO_(2)-C evolution by 10%and 36%,respectively,compared with unamended recent alluvial soil,and by 10%and 18%,respectively,compared with unamended old alluvial *** absolute and normalized C mineralization were similar between the sugarcane bagasse and rice husk treatments,between the biochar treatments,and between the aged biochar *** both soils,the feedstock treatments resulted in the highest cumulative CO_(2)-C evolution,followed by the biochar treatments and then the aged biochar *** absolute and normalized CO_(2)-C evolution and the mineralization rate constant of the stable C pool(K_(s))were lower in the recent alluvial soil compared with those in the old alluvial *** biochar

关键词： aged biochar biochar amendment charland CO_(2)emission CO_(2)-C evolution recent alluvial soil soil organic carboon soil organic matter

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Hot-pressed graphene nanoplatelets or/and zirconia reinforced hybrid alumina nanocomposites with improved toughness and mechanical characteristics

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第5期40卷 135-145页

作者： Iftikhar Ahmad mohammad islam Nuha Al Habis Shahid Parvez Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials Deanship of Scientific ResearchKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh 11421Saudi Arabia Mechanical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh 11421Saudi Arabia

This work explains the synergistic contribution of graphene nanoplatelets(GNP)and zirconia ceramic nanoparticles(ZrO2)on the microstructure,mechanical performance and ballistic properties of the alumina(Al2O3)ceramic hybrid *** the benchmarked monolithic alumina,the hotpressed hybrid nanocomposite microstructure demonstrated 68%lower grain size due to grain pinning phenomenon by the homogenously distributed reinforcing GNP(0.5 wt%)and zirconia(4 wt%)***,the hybrid nanocomposite manifested 155%better fracture toughness(KIC)and 17%higher microhardness as well as 88%superior ballistic trait over the monolithic alumina,*** superior mechanical and ballistic performance of the hybrid nanocomposites was attributed to the combined role of zirconia nanoparticles and GNP nanomaterial in refining the microstructure and inducing idiosyncratic strengthening/toughening *** combined electron microscopy revealed complicated physical interlocking of the GNP into the microstructure as well as excellent bonding of the GNP with alumina at their interface in the hybrid *** also probed the efficiency of the pull-out and crack-bridging toughening mechanisms through proven quantitative *** on the information extracted from the in-depth SEM/TEM investigation,we outlined schematic models for understating the reinforcing ability as well as toughening mechanisms in the hybrid nanocomposites and meticulously *** hot-pressed hybrid nanocomposites owning high toughness and hardness may have applications in advanced armor technology.

关键词： Graphene Alumina Zirconia Toughness Hybrid nanocomposites

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Nature-inspired Hybrid Optimization Algorithms for Load Flow Analysis of Islanded Microgrids

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第6期8卷 1250-1258页

作者： Saad mohammad Abdullah Ashik Ahmed Quazi Nafees Ul islam the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Islamic University of TechnologyBoard BazarGazipur 1704Bangladesh

Load flow analysis is a significant tool for proper planning,operation,and dynamic analysis of a power system that provides the steady-state values of voltage magnitudes and angles at the fundamental ***,due to the absence of a slack bus in an islanded microgrid,modified load flow algorithms should be adopted considering the system frequency as one of the solution *** paper proposes the application of nature-inspired hybrid optimization algorithms for solving the load flow problem of islanded *** nature-inspired algorithms such as genetic algorithm(GA),differential evolution(DE),flower pollination algorithm(FPA),and grasshopper optimization algorithm(GOA)are separately merged with imperialistic competitive algorithm(ICA)to form four hybrid algorithms named as ICGA,ICDE,ICFPA,and *** of these algorithms are tested on the 6-bus test system and the modified IEEE 37-bus test system.A comparison among the proposed algorithms is carried out in terms of statistical analysis conducted using SPSS statistics *** the statistical analysis,it is identified that on an average,ICDE takes less number of iterations and consequently needs less execution time compared with other algorithms in solving the load flow problem of islanded microgrids.

关键词： Nature-inspired hybrid algorithm global optimization islanded microgrid load flow analysis

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Reduced tillage with residue retention improves soil labile carbon pools and carbon lability and management indices in a seven-year trial with wheat-mung bean-rice rotation

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Pedosphere 2022年第6期32卷 916-927页

作者： Rafeza BEGUM mohammad M.R.JAHANGIR mohammad JAHIRUDDIN mohammad Rafiqul islam Shaikh M.BOKHTIAR Khandakar R.islam Department of Soil Science Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh 2202(Bangladesh) Soil Resource Development Institute Dhaka 1215(Bangladesh) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation(SAARC)Agriculture Center Dhaka 1215(Bangladesh) The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43235(USA)

Soil total organic carbon(TOC)is a composite indicator of soil quality with implications for crop production and the regulation of soil ecosystem *** reports on the dynamics of TOC as a consequence of soil management practices in subtropical climatic conditions,where microbial carbon(C)loss is high,are very *** objective of our study was to evaluate the impact of seven years of continuous tillage and residue management on soil TOC dynamics(quantitative and qualitative)with respect to lability and stratification under an annual wheat-mung bean-rice cropping *** soil samples were collected at 0-15 and 15-30 cm depths from a three-replicate split-plot experiment with tillage treatment as the main plots and crop residue levels as the *** tillage treatments included conventional tillage(CT)and strip tillage(ST).Residue levels were high residue level(HR),30%of the plant height,and low residue level(LR),15%.In addition to TOC,soil samples were analyzed for particulate organic C(POC),permanganate oxidizable C(POXC),basal respiration(BR),specific maintenance respiration rate(qCO_(2)),microbial biomass C(MBC),potentially mineralizable C(PMC),and TOC lability and management *** ST treatment significantly increased the TOC and labile C pools at both depths compared with the CT treatment,with the effect being more pronounced in the surface *** HR treatment increased TOC and labile C pools compared with the LR *** ST+HR treatment showed significant increases in MBC,metabolic quotient(qR),C pool index(CPI),C lability index(CL_(I)),and C management index(CMI),indicating improved and efficient soil biological activities in such systems compared with the CT ***,the stratification values,a measure of soil quality improvement,for POC and MBC were>2,indicating improved soil quality in the ST+HR treatment compared with the CT *** ST+HR treatment not only significantly increased the contents o

关键词： basal respiration carbon management index carbon stratification particulate organic carbon permanganate oxidizable carbon total organic carbon

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