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Variable Fidelity Surrogate Assisted Optimization Using A Suite of Low Fidelity Solvers

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Open Journal of Optimization 2012年第1期1卷 8-14页

作者： mohammad kashif zahir Zhenghong Gao School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an China

Variable-fidelity optimization (VFO) has emerged as an attractive method of performing, both, high-speed and high-fidelity optimization. VFO uses computationally inexpensive low-fidelity models, complemented by a surrogate to account for the difference between the high-and low-fidelity models, to obtain the optimum of the function efficiently and accurately. To be effective, however, it is of prime importance that the low fidelity model be selected prudently. This paper outlines the requirements for selecting the low fidelity model and shows pitfalls in case the wrong model is chosen. It then presents an efficient VFO framework and demonstrates it by performing transonic airfoil drag optimization at constant lift, subject to thickness constraints, using several low fidelity solvers. The method is found to be efficient and capable of finding the optimum that closely agrees with the results of high-fidelity optimization alone.

关键词： Variable Fidelity Airfoil Optimization Surrogate Models

Clastogenic ROS and biophotonics in precancerous diagnosis

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Frontiers in Biology 2018年第2期13卷 103-122页

作者： Muhammad Naveed mohammad Raees Irfan Liaqat mohammad kashif Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Life Sciences University Central Punjab Lahore 54000 Pakistan Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of Gujrat Pakistan 50700 Pakistan

BACKGROUND： Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. The application of biophotonics for diagnosing precancerous lesions is a major breakthrough in oncology and is associated with the expression of clastogenic bio-markers, such as reactive oxygen species （ROS）, namely, superoxide anion radicals, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, and lipid peroxidation products. These ROS are the major sources of ultra-weak biophotons emission; in addition, biophotons are emitted from other biomolecules, which are not associated with ROS. The precancerous phase is diagnosed on the basis ofbiophoton emission from biomarkers. The type of biophotons emitted depends on the structure of the clastogenic ROS. METHODS： ROS-based emission of ultra-weak photons can be detected using charge coupled device （CCD） cameras and photomultiplier tubes. Furthermore, spectroscopic and microscopic analysis can yield more advanced and definite results. RESULTS： The frequency and intensity of biophoton emission associated with each ROS provides information regarding the precancerous phase. Previous have attempted to show an association between precancerous growth and biophoton emission; however, their results were not conclusive. In this review, we have addressed multiple aspects of the molecular environment, especially light- matter interactions, to derive a successful theoretical relationship which may have the ability to diaganose the tumor at precancerous stage and to give the solutions of previous failures. This can be a major quantum leap toward precancerous diagnosis therapy. CONCLUSION： Biophotonics provides an advanced framework, for easily diagnosing cancer at its preliminary stage. The relationship between biophotons, clastogenic factors, and biochemical reactions in the cellular microenvironment can be understood successfully. The advancement in precancerous diagnosis will improve human health worldwide. The versatility of biophotonics can be used further for novel applications in bi

关键词： biophotons CCD camera molecular environment oncology precancerous photomultiplier ROS

Elemental profile of black shales

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2011年第2期30卷 217-219页

作者： kashif Naeem WASIM Yawar TARIQ M.Bhatti BASHIR mohammad Central Analytical Facility Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and TechnologyP.O.NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences P.O.NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan

A black shale sample collected from the Chimiari site(Tarbela) was analyzed for elemental *** coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry(ICP-OES) was employed to determine major and trace elements in the *** analysis was accomplished for the black shales,which was better than 2.0%.Result shows that the shales are very rich in Ca(25439 μg·g-1),Fe(13933 μg·g-1),Ti(6932 μg·g-1),Al(5993 μg·g-1) and K(2730 μg·g-1).

关键词：黑页岩 ICP-OES 踪迹元素

Identification of Anomaly Scenes in Videos Using Graph Neural Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5417-5430页

作者： Khalid Masood Mahmoud M.Al-Sakhnini Waqas Nawaz Tauqeer Faiz Abdul Salam mohammad Hamza kashif Department of Software Engineering Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Business Skyline University CollegeSharjahUAE Al-Madinah International University–Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Kuala LumpurMalaysia College of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahMadinahKingdom of Saudi Arabia School of IT Skyline University CollegeSharjahUAE Faculty of Engineering Computing and Science(FECS)-Swinburne University of TechnologySarawak Department of General Education Skyline University CollegeUniversity City of SharjahUAE Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan

Generally,conventional methods for anomaly detection rely on clustering,proximity,or *** themassive growth in surveillance videos,outliers or anomalies find ingenious ways to obscure themselves in the network and make conventional techniques *** research explores the structure of Graph neural networks(GNNs)that generalize deep learning frameworks to graph-structured *** node in the graph structure is labeled and anomalies,represented by unlabeled nodes,are predicted by performing random walks on the node-based graph *** to their strong learning abilities,GNNs gained popularity in various domains such as natural language processing,social network analytics and *** detection is a challenging task in computer vision but the proposed algorithm using GNNs efficiently performs the identification of *** Graph-based deep learning networks are designed to predict unknown objects and *** our case,they detect unusual objects in the form of malicious *** edges between nodes represent a relationship of nodes among each *** case of anomaly,such as the bike rider in Pedestrians data,the rider node has a negative value for the edge and it is identified as an *** encoding and decoding layers are crucial for determining how statistical measurements affect anomaly identification and for correcting the graph path to the best possible *** show that the proposed framework is a step ahead of the traditional approaches in detecting unusual activities,which shows a huge potential in automatically monitoring surveillance *** autonomous monitoring of CCTV,crime control and damage or destruction by a group of people or crowd can be identified and alarms may be triggered in unusual activities in streets or public *** suggested GNN model improves accuracy by 4%for the Pedestrian 2 dataset and 12%for the Pedestrian 1 dataset compared to a few state-of the-art techniq

关键词： Graph neural network deep learning anomaly detection auto encoders

Origin of Quartz Cement in the Paleogene Sandstone Reservoir of Shahejie Formation,Bohai Bay Basin,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第1期96卷 248-260页

作者： Muhammad kashif CAO Yingchang Nizam Ud DIN Uzair SIDDIQUE XI Kelai Faisal REHMAN Noor AHMED GU Xihao mohammad Saleh GAGHMAN Department of Earth sciences University of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdaoShandong 266580China College of Earth sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Institute of Marine Geology and Resources Ocean CollegeZhejiang UniversityZhoushanZhejiang 316021China Department of Earth sciences Quaid-I-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan

The precipitation of authigenic quartz plays a significant role to reduce the reservoir characteristics and enhance the stiffness of the *** Es_(1) sandstone of Shahejie Formation is acting as a significant hydrocarbon producing rock in the Nanpu *** methods like thin section petrography,cathodoluminescence(CL),scanning electron microscope(SEM,with EDS),and electron microprobe analysis has been used to reveal the origin of quartz cement as well as to evaluate the effect of quartz cement on reservoir *** studied sandstone is classified as immature to mature feldspathic litharenite and lithic arkose and consists of quartz,feldspar,rock fragments and *** studies and SEM analysis shows that the authigenic quartz is acting a significant cement that reduces the reservoir *** clay minerals(kaolinite and mixed layer illite to smectite)are dominant in the Es_(1) sandstone,that can reduce the reservoir ***,CL and thin section analysis reveal that there are two stages of quartz cement in the studied samples;that are pore filling authigenic cement and quartz overgrowth *** inclusion homogenization temperatures shows that stages of quartz cement were developed with continuous process from 70℃ to 130℃.Quartz cements were generally originated from I/S reaction,feldspar dissolution,conversion of rock fragments and pressure *** dissolution(K-feldspar)and kaolinite to illite reaction is an insignificant silica source for the silica cement which is internally precipitated in a close system with diffusion transporting ***,quartz cement significantly enhance the rock strengthen and brittleness effectively as well as it reduce the overall reservoir quality.

关键词： origin authigenic quartz silica sources diffusion Shahejie Formation

Reno-protective effect of garlic extract against immobilization stress induced changes in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第5期5卷 364-369页

作者： Syed kashif Zaidi Shakeel Ahmed Ansari Ghulam Md.Ashraf mohammad Alam Jafri Shams Tabrez Naheed Banu Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research King Abdulaziz University King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University College of Medical Rehabilitation Qassim University

Objective: To examine immobilization stress-induced antioxidant defense alterations in rat kidney and the antioxidant effects of aqueous garlic extract in pre and post stress extract treatments. Methods: Albino rats were treated with aqueous extract of garlic both before and 6 h of immobilization stress. Pro-oxidant eminence of rat kidney was assessed by determining the levels of glutathione, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, glucose, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase and antioxidant enzymes activities. Results: In response to 6 h of immobilization stress, a significant rise in the level of kidney enzymes was recorded. However, antioxidant enzyme activities showed a sharp decline. Conclusions: The extract treatment before and after the stress reverted the activities of above mentioned enzymes towards their control values. Hence, garlic extract can be given as nutritional supplement for scavenging the free radicals generated in rat kidney.

关键词： Stress Antioxidant enzymes AST ALT MDA Garlic

Implementation of Research for Quality of Care Project! Measuring and Improving Physician Compliance with WHO Clinical Practice Guidelines for ＇Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children＇

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Journal of Health Science 2016年第3期4卷 118-124页

作者： Arjumand Sohaila Nadia mohammad Shireen mohammad Adnan Khan kashif Sajwani Rahila Meghani Khalil Ahmed Ali Faisal Saleem Aga Khan University Hospital-Karachi Pakistan Aga Khan Hospital for Women-Garden Campus Karachi Karachi Pakistan

Iron deficiency anemia （IDA） is the most prevalent anemia globally. As per WHO, 600 million children worldwide have IDA. Additionally, National Nutrition Survey 2011, Pakistan revealed 61.9% children are anaemic. In our project we measure and improve physicians compliance with WHO Clinical practice guidelines for ＇Iron deficiency anemia in children＇. Juran＇s Problem Solving Methodology was applied. Pre-survey results suggest 81.1% children are anemic. Only 11.4% and 10.6% are on regular Iron supplementation and deworming agents respectively. Though （93.4%） physicians surveyed have comprehensive knowledge. Moreover, merely 13.7% parents have some knowledge about IDA. We choose Ishikawa Fish Bone Diagram for cause and effect analysis and ＇Gant Chart＇ to allocate timelines. We implement certain strategies like Physician＇s questionnaire form, refresher courses, information material for parents, and sustain supply of medicines. Post survey analysis concluded significant increased prescription rate of Iron supplementation and deworming agents as well as parents knowledge for IDA. For long-term sustainability, we established Policy, Quality indicators, Posters/Brochures and regular refresher courses. We also ensure adequate and sustain supply of iron supplementations and deworming agents at subsidized rates in hospital pharmacy. In responses to our project, we found under-practice of WHO recommendations despite comprehensive physician＇s knowledge.

关键词： Iron deficiency anemia WHO recommendations physicians compliance.

Application of Zinc, Iron and Boron Enhances Productivity and Grain Biofortification of Mungbean

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第4期92卷 983-999页

作者： Muhammad Zafar Siraj Ahmed Muhammad kashif Munir Nawal Zafar Muhammad Saqib Muhammad Aleem Sarwar Saba Iqbal Baber Ali Naveed Akhtar Basharat Ali Sadam Hussain Muhammad Saeed mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon Aneela Gulnaz Agronomic Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Ayub Agricultural Research Institute FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan Department of Agricultural Engineering Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China Plant Pathology Research Institute Faisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Zoology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38641Korea

Deficiencies of essential vitamins,iron(Fe),and zinc(Zn)affect over one-half of the world’s population.A significant progress has been made to control micronutrient deficiencies through supplementation,but new approaches are needed,especially to reach the rural *** biofortification of pulses with Zn,Fe,and boron(B)offers a pragmatic solution to combat hidden hunger instead of food fortification and ***,it also has positive effects on crop production as ***,we conducted three separate field experiments for two consecutive years to evaluate the impact of soil and foliar application of the aforementioned nutrients on the yield and seed biofortification of *** application of Zn at 0,4.125,8.25,Fe at 0,2.5,5.0 and B at 0,0.55,1.1 kg ha−1 was done in the first,second and third experiment,*** application in these experiments was done at 0.3%Zn,0.2%Fe and 0.1%B respectively one week after flowering *** revealed that soil-applied Zn,Fe and B at 8.25,5.0 and 1.1 kg ha−1,respectively,enhanced the grain yield of mungbean;however,this increase in yield was statistically similar to that recorded with Zn,Fe and B at 4.125,2.5 and 0.55 kg ha−1,*** application of these nutrients at flower initiation significantly enhanced the Zn contents by 28%and 31%,Fe contents by 80%and 78%,while B contents by 98%and 116%over control during 2019 and 2020,*** was concluded from the results that soil application of Zn,Fe,and B enhanced the yield performance of mungbean;while significant improvements in seed Zn,Fe,and B contents were recorded with foliar application of these nutrients.

关键词： Biofortification seed biofortification mungbean iron zinc boron foliar application

Response of Fodder Maize to Various Levels of Nitrogen and Phosphorus

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第15期5卷 2323-2329页

作者： Aziz Khan Fazal Munsif kashif Akhtar Muhammad zahir Afridi Zahoor Zahoor Ahmad Shah Fahad Rizwan Ullah Faheem Ahmed Khan Mairaj Din Crop Physiology and Production Center (CPPC) National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-Physiology and Cultivation Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China Department of Agronomy The University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan Key Lab of Vegetable and Plant Diseases Hubei Province Wuhan China Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China Key Laboratory of Horticulture Plant Biology (MOE) Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-Physiology and Farming System in the Mid-dle Reaches of the Yangtze River Hauzhong Agricultural University Wuhan China Moecular Biology Lab College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China

Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) are of the most important and complex nutrients for the crop plants in particular for grain yield and quality. The field trials were laid out in randomized complete block design having three replications. Research trial plots were located at Agricultural Research Farm of Agricultural University Peshawar (Ameer mohammad Khan Campus Mardan) during kharif season in 2012 to investigate the response of maize variety (Jalal) to three phosphorus rates (60, 90 and 120 kg·ha-1) and four nitrogen rates (90, 120, 150, 180 kg·ha-1) for agronomical traits. These traits investigated included number of plant per m2 (NP m2), plant height (PH), number of leaves plant-1 (NLP), leaf area plant-1·cm2 (LAP), fresh weight of plants kg·ha-1 (FW) and dry weight of plant kg·ha-1 (DW), were investigated. Results of the study showed that application of N @ 180 and P @ 120 kg·ha-1 significantly increased fodder yield of maize. The linear increase in biomass yield clearly indicated that N was a limiting nutrient factor and that N demand along with P has a positive response. At higher application rates, N fertilizer significantly increased biomass component, improved N uptake with increasing nitrogen use efficiency and decreased its losses to the environment and below plant zone. So this study showed that the phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers have a positive effect on the fodder yield of maize.

关键词： Fodder Maize Nitrogen Phosphorus