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Succinate dehydrogenase in Parkinson＇s disease

Frontiers in Biology 2017年第3期12卷 175-182页

作者： mohammad jodeiri farshbaf Department of Biology New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM 88003 USA

BACKGROUND： The prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is increased by age. Alleviation of their symptoms and protection of normal neurons against degeneration are the main aspects of the researches to establish novel therapeutic strategies. Many studies have shown that mitochondria as the most important organelles in the brain which show impairment in PD models. Succinate dehydrogenase （SDH） as a component of the oxidative phosphorylation system in mitochondria connects Krebs cycle to the electron transport chain. Dysfunction or inhibition of the SDH can trigger mitochondrial impairment and disruption in ATP generation. Excessive in lipid synthesis and induction of the excitotoxicity as inducers in PD are controlled by SDH activity directly and indirectly. On the other hand, mutation in subunits of the SDH correlates with the onset of neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, SDH could behave as one of the main regulators in neuroprotection. OBJECTIVE： In this review we will consider contribution of the SDH and its related mechanisms in PD. METHODS： Pubmed search engine was used to find published studies from 1977 to 2016. ＂Succinate dehydrogenase＂, ＂lipid and brain＂, ＂mitochondria and Parkinson＇s disease＂ were the main keywords for searching in the engine. RESULTS： Wide ranges of studies （59 articles） in neurodegenerative disorders especially Parkinson＇s disease like genetics of the Parkinson＇s disease, effects of the mutant SDH on cell activity and physiology and lipid alteration in neurodegenerative disorders have been used in this review. CONCLUSION： Mitochondria as key organelles in the energy generation plays crucial roles in PD. ETC complex in this organelle consists four complexes which alteration in their activities cause ROS generation and ATP depletion. Most of complexes are encoded by mtDNA while complex Ⅱ is the only part of the ETC which is encoded by nuclear genome. So, focusing on the SDH and related pathways which

关键词： Parkinson's disease mitochondria succinate dehydrogenase neuroprotection

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Effect of Hypericum perforatum L. compared with metronidazole in bacterial vaginosis:a double-blind randomized trial

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第11期4卷 896-902页

作者： Sakineh mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi Zahra mohammadzadeh Azizeh farshbaf-Khalili Yousef Javadzadeh Research Centre of Infectious & Tropical Diseases Department of Midwifery.Faculty of Nursing & MidwiferyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran Social Security Organization.East Azerbaijan Treatment's Management Jolfa Social Security ClinicJolfaIran Department of Midwifery Faculty of Nursing & MidwiferyTabriz University of Medical Sciences Pharmaceutics Department Faculty of PharmacyTabriz University of Medical Sciences

Objective:To compare effect of Hypericum perforatum(***) vaginal gel with metronidazole on bacterial vaginosis(BV) in terms of initial response to treatment and preventing recurrence(primary outcomes) and also patient complaints(secondary outcomes).Methods:In this double-blind,double dummy trial,married women aged 18-49 with BV were randomized into two groups and administered 5 g of 3%*** and placebo of metronidazole(n=82),or 5 g of 0.75%metronidazole and placebo of ***(n=80)vaginally for 5 *** criteria were used for diagnosis and assessing cure and recurrence of *** comparisons was done using Chi-square,Fisher's exact and logistic ***:At 10-12 *** rate was 82%in the *** and 85%in metronidazole group(risk ratio 0.9.95%confidence interval 0.6 to 1.3).Among the cured women,recurrence rate was 9%in the *** and 13%in the metronidazole group at the 30-35 d visit(risk ratio 0.8,95%confidence interval 0.4 to 1.3),There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding any patient complaints,except itching which was less in *** group(5%vs.16%,P=0.018 at the first and 13%vs.43%,P<0.001 at the second follow-up).No significant adverse event was reported at any ***:*** could be a good option for treatment of ***,further studies arc needed for its public use.

关键词： Hypericum Metronidazole Vaginosis Bacterial Therapy Recurrence

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