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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第9期26卷 1085-1090页

作者： Maryam Mirabedini Elaheh Motamedi mohammad zaman Kassaee Department of Chemistry Tarbiat Modares University Department of Food Nanotechnology Research Institute of Food Science and Technology(RIFST)

Magnetically separable CuO nanoparticles supported on graphene oxide（Fe3O4 NPs/GO-CuO NPs） is synthesized and characterized for the preparation of propargylamines in EtOH,at 90 ***3O4 NPs/GOCuO NPs is found to be an efficient catalyst for the A^3-coupling of aldehydes,amines,and alkynes through C-H *** aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes and alkynes are combined with secondary amines to provide a wide range of propargylamines in moderate to excellent yields.

关键词： CuO Graphene oxide Fe3O4 A^3-coupling Nano-catalyst Magnetic nanoparticles

The off-site implications of deforestation on sedimentation rates and pollution in Abkenar open water (Anzali Lagoon, Caspian Sea) using radionuclide techniques and sediment quality indices

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第3期37卷 370-382页

作者： mohammadreza Gharibreza mohammad zaman Mahmood Arabkhedri Shahriar Sobh-Zahedi Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Soil and Water Management & Crop Nutrition Section Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture International Atomic Energy AgencyVienna International Centre Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center AREEO

Abkenar open water(AOW) has a 35 km~2 distribution and is the largest part of the Anzali Lagoon in the southern coastal zone of the Caspian Sea. The effects of deforestation in the upstream basin of the AOW were assessed by measuring the rate of sedimentation, sediment contamination, and ecological risk for aquatic life and end-users using radioisotopes Cesium-137 and Lead-210. The chronology of the AOW sediment column was studied using the Constant Rate of Supply model. Correlations between environmental changes and the sedimentary regime of the study area highlight the contribution of the AOW authorized international and local wood harvesting companies pre-and-post 1950 in the catchment in terms of the rate of sediment supply and the influx of toxic metals. Historical evidence shows that two specific layers formed during World Wars I and II with the mean rates of 0.185 ± 0.04(±STD) and 0.32 ± 0.02 kg/(m·y), respectively. The highest influx of alkali elements and toxic metals(nickel, cadmium, lead, zinc, and copper) into the basin occurred in 1945. Two layers of gray mud(16-50 cm) and organic-rich dark loss mud(0-16 cm) correlated well with the programmed wood harvesting *** layers accumulated from 1953 to 2000 with a mean rate of 0.6 ± 0.2 and 2 ± 0.7 kg/(m~2·y). Thus,aquatic life and end-users have been exposed to moderate to extremely high levels of toxic metals and a moderate level of contamination since the 1950 s.

关键词： Abkenar open water Accumulation rate Anzali Lagoon Sediment contamination CRS model Radioisotopes

Assessment of deforestation impact on soil erosion in loess formation using 137Cs method (case study: Golestan Province, Iran)

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第4期8卷 393-405页

作者： mohammadreza Gharibreza mohammad zaman Paolo Porto Emil Fulajtar Lotfollah Parsaei Hossein Eisaei Department of River and Coastal Engineering Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research InstituteAgricultural ResearchEducation and Extension Organization(AREEO)Tehran***TehranIran Department of Soil and Water Management&Crop Nutrition Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food&AgricultureViennaA-1400Austria Department of Agriculture Mediterranean UniversityLocalitàFeo di VitoReggio Calabria86124Italy Department of Watershed Management Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education CenterAREEOGorgan491567755Iran

Golestan,a province in the North-East of Iran,is characterized by high coverage of loess *** 1963,the area has experienced approximately 200,000 ha deforestation due to land-use changes in agriculture and increasing demand for ***,110,000 ha of the clear-cut lands are under dry-farming,mainly for wheat cropping,and about 86,000 ha have been *** IAEA funded project is the first attempt to use nuclear techniques in the East of Hircanian Forest for determination of on-site impacts of deforestation due to two land-use changes(*** farming and reforestation).Practicing long-term dry-farming led to 60%soil losses with a mean rate of 2 mm per *** net erosion rate of croplands on loess deposits in the study area was 32.27 t ha-1 ***,cultivation of even-aged Cypress trees since 1993,showed 13 to 60 percent effectiveness in soil ***-farming land use resulted in the loss of 95 t ha-1 soil organic carbon(SOC)stock at a mean rate of 1.7 t ha-1 over 54 *** Cypress trees successfully restored the SOC content by 100%compared with the SOC in original *** conversion of dry-farming lands to orchards of olive trees since 2004,brought more income for farmers but were less effective in soil conservation because of low canopy cover of olive *** data provide key information and guidance for land users and decisionmakers about implementing strategic and sustainable conservation practices to restore degraded land.

关键词： Hircanian forests Golestan province Nuclear technique Soil erosion Deforestation Afforestation Dry-farming land

Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from croplands and pasturelands—climate-smart agriculture

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Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 227-230页

作者： Alberto SANZ-COBENA Weixin DING Christoph MÜLLER mohammad zaman Lee HENG ETSI Agrónomos Universidad Politécnica de MadridCiudad UniversitariaMadrid 28040(Spain) Research Center for the Management of Environmental and Agricultural Risks(CEIGRAM) Universidad Politécnica de MadridCiudad UniversitariaMadrid 28040(Spain) State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) Institute of Plant Ecology Justus-Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26Giessen 35392(Germany) School of Biology and Environmental Science and Earth Institute University College DublinDublin D04 V1W8(Ireland) Soil and Water Management&Crop Nutrition Section Joint FAO/IAEA DivisionInternational Atomic Energy AgencyVienna 1400(Austria)

One of the main challenges facing humankind is ensuring food security for a rapidly growing population with lower environmental footprints under changing climate. Environmental unsustainability of agro-food systems is multi-faced,but alteration of biogeochemical cycles (e.g., nitrogen (N)and phosphorus (P) cycles) and emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the atmosphere have been reported as one of the main disruptive forces over safe-operating space of planetary boundaries (Springmann et al., 2018).

关键词： N) phosphorus greenhouse

Effects of the nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin and the plant growth regulator gibberellic acid on yield-scale nitrous oxide emission in maize fields under hot climatic conditions

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Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 323-331页

作者： Khadim DAWAR Kamil SARDAR mohammad zaman Christoph MÜLLER Alberto SANZ-COBENA Aamir KHAN Azam BORZOUEI Ana Gabriela PÉREZ-CASTILLO Department of Soil and Environmental Science University of Agriculture PeshawarPeshawa 25000(Pakistan) Soil and Water Management&Crop Nutrition Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food&AgricultureP.O.Box 100Vienna A-1400(Austria) Institute of Plant Ecology Justus Liebig UniversityHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26Giessen D-35392(Germany) School of Biology and Environmental Science University College DublinBelfieldD04 V1W8(Ireland) Management of Environment and Agricultural Risks(CEIGRAM) ETSIAABUniversidad Poliécnica de MadridMadrid 28040(Spain) Agricultural Research School Nuclear Science and Technology Research InstituteP.O.Box 31465/1498Karaj(Iran) Environmental Pollution Research Center(CICA) University of Costa RicaMontes de Oca 11501(Costa Rica)

Nitrification inhibitors are widely used in agriculture to mitigate nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emission and increase crop ***,no concrete information on their mitigation of N_(2)O emission is available under soil and environmental conditions as in Pakistan.A field experiment was established using a silt clay loam soil from Peshawar,Pakistan,to study the effect of urea applied in combination with a nitrification inhibitor,nitrapyrin(2-chloro-6-tri-chloromethyl pyridine),and/or a plant growth regulator,gibberellic acid(GA_3),on N_(2)O emission and the nitrogen(N)uptake efficiency of *** experimental design was a randomized complete block with five treatments in four replicates:control with no N(CK),urea(200 kg N ha^(-1))alone,urea in combination with nitrapyrin(700 g ha^(-1)),urea in combination with GA_3(60 g ha^(-1)),and urea in combination with nitrapyrin and GA_*** N_(2)O emission,yield,N response efficiency,and total N uptake were measured during the experimental *** treatment with urea and nitrapyrin reduced total N_(2)O emission by 39%–43%and decreased yield-scaled N_(2)O emission by 47%–52%,relative to the treatment with urea *** maize plant biomass,grain yield,and total N uptake increased significantly by 23%,17%,and 15%,respectively,in the treatment with urea and nitrapyrin,relative to the treatment with urea alone,which was possibly due to N saving,lower N loss,and increased N uptake in the form of ammonium;they were further enhanced in the treatment with urea,nitrapyrin,and GA_3 by 27%,36%,and 25%,respectively,probably because of the stimulating effect of GA_3 on plant growth and development and the reduction in biotic and abiotic *** results suggest that applying urea in combination with nitrapyrin and GA_3 has the potential to mitigate N_(2)O emission,improve N response efficiency,and increase maize yield.

关键词： fertilizer use efficiency greenhouse gas emission mitigation N response efficiency N uptake efficiency N_(2)O flux plant growth hormone urea

Conversion of Municipal Waste Plastic into Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuel Using a Stainless Steel Reactor

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第5期1卷 721-726页

作者： Moinuddin Sarker mohammad Mamunor Rashid mohammad Molla Ashiquz zaman Department of Research & Development Natural State Research Inc. Stamford CT-06902 USA

Plastic wastes from milk containers, soft drink bottles, plastic wraps, plastic flatware, etc. have been successfully converted into fuel. Two approaches for the conversion of waste post consumer plastic into fuel have been investigated：（1） muffle furnace to reactor liquefaction system; （2） direct liquefaction system. Majority of used plastics are derived from ethylene, propylene, butadiene and benzene. Waste plastics are plastics that are used by the people in their daily life. It is collected from outside and city municipalities. Some of them are coded and rests are non-coded. A developed process discussed in this paper works with most of the waste plastic, both coded and non-coded. The plastics are heated up at 120-380 ℃ temperature to melt. The gaseous vapor is then condensed into liquid fuel.

关键词： Polyethylene fuel waste plastic condensation thermal hydrocarbon liquefaction.

Alternative Gasoline Produce from Abundant Solid Waste Plastics

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材料科学与工程（中英文版） 2011年第4期5卷 394-399页

作者： Moinuddin Sarker mohammad Mamunor Rashid Ashiquz zaman mohammad Molla Department of Research and Development Natural State Research Inc. Stamford CT 06902 USA

Plastics are macromolecules, formed by polymerization of hydrocarbon materials that are derived from commercial crude oils. Plastics are being used all over the world and afterward many of the plastics become waste materials. Waste plastics do not biodegrade in landfills; are not easily recycled and degrade in quality during the recycling process. Instead of biodegradation, waste plastics goes through photo-degradation and turns into plastic dusts which can enter food chain and can cause complex health issues to habitants. According to recent study, United States produces ~30 million tons of waste plastics per year. Natural State Research Inc. (NSR) has developed a thermal degradation process, which produces liquid hydrocarbon fuel materials from these abundant sources of waste plastics. During the thermal process the plastics are melted at a range of 370-420 °C. This fuel produced burns more efficiently than commercial gasoline and diesel and would be produced at a lower over all production cost.

关键词：塑料废料生产成本固体废物汽油生物降解碳氢化合物垃圾填埋场光降解塑料

Substrate-decoupled,bulk-acoustic wave gyroscopes:Design and evaluation of next-generation environmentally robust devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2016年第1期2卷 239-248页

作者： Diego E.Serrano mohammad F.zaman Amir Rahafrooz Peter Hrudey Ron Lipka Duane Younkin Shin Nagpal Ijaz Jafri Farrokh Ayazi QualtréInc. 225 Cedar Hill StreetSuite 112MarlboroughMA 01752USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology777 Atlantic Drive NWAtlantaGA 303332USA

This paper reports on a new type of high-frequency mode-matched gyroscope with significantly reduced dependencies on environmental stimuli such as temperature,vibration,and shock.A novel stress-isolation system is used to effectively decouple an axis-symmetric bulk-acoustic wave(BAW)vibratory gyro from its substrate,minimizing the effect that external sources of error have on the offset and scale factor of the ***-decoupled(SD)BAW gyros with a resonance frequency of 4.3 MHz and Q values near 60000 were implemented using the high aspect ratio poly and single-crystal silicon(HARPSS)process to achieve ultra-narrow capacitive ***-level packaged sensors were interfaced with a customized application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC)to achieve low variations in the offset across temperature(±26°s^(−1) from−40 to 85℃),supreme random-vibration immunity(0.012°s^(−1) gRMS−1)and excellent shock *** a scale factor of 800μV(°s^(−1))^(−1),the SD-BAW gyro system attains a large full-scale range(±1250°s^(−1))with a non-linearity of less than 0.07%.A measured angle-random walk(ARW)of 0.39°/√h and a bias instability of 10.5°h^(−1) are dominated by the thermal and flicker noise of the integrated circuit(IC),*** measurements using external electronics show bias-instability values as low as 3.5°h−1,which are limited by feed-through signals coupled from the drive loop to the sense channel,which can be further reduced through proper re-routing of the gyroscope pin-out configuration.

关键词： Bulk-acoustic wave environmental stability MEMS gyroscope support loss vibration rejection

Nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin does not affect yield-scaled nitrous oxide emissions in a tropical grassland

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Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 265-278页

作者： Ana Gabriela PÉREZ-CASTILLO Cristina CHINCHILLA-SOTO Jorge Alberto ELIZONDO-SALAZAR Ronny BARBOZA Dong-Gill KIM Christoph MÜLLER Alberto SANZ-COBENA Azam BORZOUEI Khadim DAWAR mohammad zaman Environmental Pollution Research Center(CICA) University of Costa RicaMontes de Oca 11501(Costa Rica) Alfredo Volio Mata Experimental Station University of Costa RicaOchomogo 30304(Costa Rica) Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources Hawassa UniversityP.O.Box 128Shashemene(Ethiopia) Institute of Plant Ecology Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff Ring 26Giessen 35392(Germany) School of Biology and Environmental Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4(Ireland) Research Center for the Management of Environmental and Agricultural Risks(CEIGRAM) Department of Chemistry and Food Technology(ETSIAAB)Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid 28040(Spain) Nuclear Agriculture Research School Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute(NSTRI)Karaj 31465-1498(Iran) Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences The University of AgriculturePeshawar 25000(Pakistan) Soil and Water Management&Crop Nutrition Section Joint Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)/International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and AgricultureDepartment of Nuclear Sciences and ApplicationsIAEAVienna International CentreP.O.Box 100Vienna 1400(Austria)

Urea is the most common nitrogen(N)fertilizer used in the tropics but it has the risk of high gaseous nitrogen(N)*** of nitrification inhibitor has been suggested as a potential mitigation measure for gaseous N losses in N fertilizer-applied *** a field trial on a tropical Andosol pastureland in Costa Rica,gaseous emissions of ammonia(NH_(3))and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)and grass yield were quantified from plots treated with urea(U;41.7 kg N ha^(-1)application^(-1))and urea plus the nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin(U+NI;41.7 kg N ha^(-1)application^(-1)and 350 g of nitrapyrin for each 100 kg of N applied)and control plots(without U and NI)over a six-month period(rainy season).Volatilization of NH_(3)(August to November)in U(7.4%±1.3%of N applied)and U+NI(8.1%±0.9%of N applied)were not significantly different(P>0.05).Emissions of N_(2)O in U and U+NI from June to November were significantly different(P<0.05)only in October,when N_(2)O emission in U+NI was higher than that in *** and crude protein production of grass were significantly higher(P<0.05)in U and U+NI than in the control plots,but they were not significantly different between U and U+*** was no significant difference in yield-scaled N_(2)O emission between U(0.31±0.10 g N kg^(-1)dry matter)and U+NI(0.47±0.10 g N kg^(-1)dry matter).The results suggest that nitrapyrin is not a viable mitigation option for gaseous N losses under typical N fertilizer application practices of pasturelands at the study site.

关键词： ammonia volatilization Andosol Costa Rica field trial gaseous N loss greenhouse gas emission urea

Nitrapyrin effectiveness in reducing nitrous oxide emissions decreases at low doses of urea in an Andosol

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Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 303-313页

作者： Mayela MONGE-MUÑOZ Segundo URQUIAGA Christoph MÜLLER Juan Carlos CAMBRONEROHEINRICHS mohammad zaman Cristina CHINCHILLA-SOTO Azam BORZOUEI Khadim DAWAR Carlos E.RODRÍGUEZ-RODRÍGUEZ Ana Gabriela PÉREZ-CASTILLO Environmental Pollution Research Center(CICA) University of Costa RicaMontes de Oca 11501(Costa Rica) Embrapa Agrobiology Rod.BR 465km 7SeropédicaRJCEP 23891-000(Brazil) Institute of Plant Ecology Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff Ring 26Giessen 35392(Germany) School of Biology and Environmental Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4(Ireland) Soil and Water Management&Crop Nutrition Section Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and AgricultureDepartment of Nuclear Sciences and ApplicationsInternational Atomic Energy AgencyVienna International CentreVienna 1400(Austria) Nuclear Agriculture Research School Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute(NSTRI)Karaj ***(Iran) Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgriculturePeshawar 25000(Pakistan)

In the tropics,frequent nitrogen(N)fertilization of grazing areas can potentially increase nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)*** application of nitrification inhibitors has been reported as an effective management practice for potentially reducing N loss from the soil-plant system and improving N use efficiency(NUE).The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the co-application of nitrapyrin(a nitrification inhibitor,NI)and urea in a tropical Andosol on the behavior of N and the emissions of N_(2)O from autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification.A greenhouse experiment was performed using a soil(pH 5.9,organic matter content 78 g kg^(-1),and N 5.6 g kg^(-1))sown with Cynodon nlemfuensis at 60%water-filled pore space to quantify total N_(2)O emissions,N_(2)O derived from fertilizer,soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),and *** study included treatments that received deionized water only(control,NI).No significant differences were observed in soil NH_(4)^(+)content between the UR and UR+NI treatments,probably because of soil mineralization and NO_(3)^(-)produced by heterotrophic nitrification,which is not effectively inhibited by *** 56 d,N_(2)O emissions in UR(0.51±0.12 mg N_(2)O-N concluded that the soil organic N mineralization and heterotrophic nitrification are the main processes of NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)***,it was found that N_(2)O emissions were partially a consequence of the direct oxidation of the soil's organic N via heterotrophic nitrification coupled to ***,the results suggest that nitrapyrin would likely exert significant mitigation on N_(2)O emissions only if a substantial N surplus exists in soils with high organic matter content.

关键词： autotrophic nitrification heterotrophic nitrification mineral N ^(15)N tracer nitrification inhibitor tropical grass