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Terlipressin and hepatorenal syndrome: What is important for nephrologists and hepatologists

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第41期16卷 5139-5147页

作者： ahmed A Magan Atif A Khalil mohamed H ahmed Department of Surgery Cambridge Uni-versity Hospital NHS foundation Trust Hills Road Cambridge CB2 0QQ United Kingdom Department of Nephrology Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals Liverpool L7 8XP United Kingdom Division of Acute Medicine James Cook University Hospital Marton Road Middlesbrough TS4 3BW United Kingdom

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a reversible form of functional renal failure that occurs with advanced hepatic cirrhosis and liver failure. Despite mounting research in HRS, its etiology and medical therapy has not been resolved. HRS encompasses 2 distinct types. Type 1 is characterized by the rapid development of renal failure that occurs within 2 wk and involves a doubling of initial serum creatinine. Type 2 has a more insidious onset and is often associated with ascites. Animal studies have shown that both forms, in particular type 1 HRS, are often precipitated by bacterial infections and cir-culatory changes. The prognosis for HRS remains very poor. Type 1 and 2 both have an expected survival time of 2 wk and 6 mo, respectively. Progression of liver cir-rhosis and the resultant portal hypertension leads to the pooling of blood in the splanchnic vascular bed. The ensuing hyperdynamic circulation causes an ineffective circulatory volume which subsequently activates neuro-hormonal systems. Primarily the sympathetic nervoussystem and the renin angiotensin system are activated, which, in the early stages of HRS, maintain adequate circulation. Both advanced cirrhosis and prolonged ac-tivation of neurohormonal mechanisms result in fatal complications. Locally produced nitric oxide may have the potential to induce a deleterious vasodilatory effect on the splanchnic circulation. Currently medical therapy is aimed at reducing splanchnic vasodilation to resolve the ineffective circulation and maintain good renal per-fusion pressure. Terlipressin, a vasopressin analogue, has shown potential benefit in the treatment of HRS. It prolongs both survival time and has the ability to re-verse HRS in the majority of patients. In this review we aim to focus on the pathogenesis of HRS and its treatment with terlipressin vs other drugs.

关键词： Heptorenal syndrome Terlipressin Kidney Liver

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Standard precaution measurements during ophthalmology practice in the pandemic stage of COVID-19

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第7期13卷 1017-1022页

作者： ahmed mohamed Reda Wael M.ahmed Department of ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineAin Sham UniversityCairo 11566Egypt Dar Eloyoun Eye Laser Centers Muscat 118Oman

AIM:To take specific precautions and keep a safe practice during providing ophthalmology health services without compromising the patient’s safety as well as the team workers and the community in the pandemic stage of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19).METHODS:Applying patient circulation scheme implemented in our ophthalmology centers with the guidance of ministry of health infection control guidelines star ted from the moment that we receive a call or Whats App message or Facebook inquiry from patients until 21 d after patients first visit if *** directions were ***,community awareness of the disease and the ophthalmology related advices in how eye can transfers the infection and how to protect our eyes not to be infected through videos interviews of our consultants and distribution in social media like Instagram,Facebook,Whats App pages radio and TV interviews as well as leaflet health awareness for distribution for ***,scheduling of patients’appointments to prevent overcrowdings and cross ***,protective measurements tools in the center to detect and prevent any exposure of the patients to patients and to protect medical staff,COVID-19 scoring system was set up to identify patients with fever,respiratory symptoms,acute conjunctivitis or recent travel to outbreak areas and to encourage these individuals to postpone their appointments for at least 21 *** use of personal protective equipment was *** all the elective surgeries keeping only the emergency types advised by fourth:how to deal with our patients if they need an urgent ophthalmological intervention and how to deal with suspected cases of corona if any cases ***:Our measures helped our colleagues to try to keep providing ophthalmology health services without increasing the incidence of infection for COVID-19 until this pandemic is ***:In our practice,ophthalmologists should work with new aura of social media to facilitate the

关键词： corona virus COVID-19 Instagram Facebook WhatsApp personal protective equipment

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Nickel-titanium shape memory alloys made by selective laser melting:a review on process optimisation

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Advances in Manufacturing 2022年第1期10卷 24-58页

作者： Omar ahmed mohamed Syed Hasan Masood Wei Xu School of Engineering Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3216Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering The Higher Institute of Engineering TechnologyBani WaledLibya Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVIC 3122Australia

Selective laser melting(SLM)is a mainstream powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing(AM)process that creates a three-dimensional(3D)object using a high power laser to fuse fine particles of various metallic powders such as copper,tool steel,cobalt chrome,titanium,tungsten,aluminium and stainless *** the past decade,SLM has received significant attention due to its capability in producing dense parts with superior mechanical *** a premier shape memory alloy,the nickel-titanium(NiTi)shape memory alloy is attractive for a variety of biomedical applications due to its superior mechanical properties,superelasticity,corrosion resistance and *** paper presents a comprehensive review of the recent progress in NiTi alloys produced by the SLM process,with a particular focus on the relationship between processing parameters,resultant microstructures and *** research gaps,challenges and suggestions for future research are also addressed.

关键词： Additive manufacturing(AM) Selective laser melting(SLM) Microstructure NiTi alloy Mechanical properties

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Preparation and Reactions of 2-Methyl-7-（3-methyl-5-oxo-1- phenyl-2-pyrazolin-4-yl）-5-arylthiazolo[3,2-a]- pyrimido[4,5-d]oxazin-4（5H）-one

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第7期29卷 1473-1482页

作者： Youssef, mohamed Salah K. Abbady, mohamed S. ahmed, Ragaa A. Omar, ahmed A. Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut 71516 Egypt

Ethyl 7-amino-3-（3-methyl-5-oxo- 1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-4-yl）-5-aryl-5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxy- late was hydrolyzed with an ethanolic sodium hydroxide and the sodium salt thus formed underwent cyclization with acetic anhydride to afford 2-methyl-7-（3-methyl-5-oxo-l-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-4-yl）-5-arylthiazolo[3,2-a]- pyrimido[4,5-d]oxazin-4（SH）-one. This compound was transformed to related heterocyclic systems via its reaction with various reagents. The biological activity of the prepared compounds was tested against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria as well as yeast-like and filamentous fungi. They revealed in some cases excellent biocidal properties.

关键词： thiazolopyrimidooxazinone thiazolopyrimidopyrimidines antimicrobial activity

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Pathophysiology of periventricular leukomalacia:what we learned from animal models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第11期12卷 1795-1796页

作者： Nahla Zaghloul mohamed ahmed Neonatology division Pediatric DepartmentCohen Children's Medical Center at New YorkFeinstein Institute for Medical ResearchNorthwell Health SystemManhassetNYUSA Hofstra University HempsteadNYUSA

Periventricular leukomalacia （PVL）, a white matter injury （WMI） affecting the premature infant＇s brain is commonly associated with ce- rebral palsy （CP）. Among premature infants 〈 1,500 g, approximately 7,000 develop CP yearly and 20,000-30,000 exhibit major cognitive deficits yearly （Volpe, 2009）. PVL results from hypoxia-ischemia （HI） with or without infection and is characterized by white matter necrotic lesions, hypomyelination, microglial activation, astrogliosis, and neuronal death. Risk factors for the development of PVL include： prematurity associated with immature cerebrovascular development, HI insults with lack of appropriate auto-regulation of cerebral blood flow, free radical production, energy deprivation, intrauterine infec- tion and chorioamnionitis. Affected infants show definitive signs of cerebral palsy such as spastic diplegia, seizures, developmental delay, visual and hearing impairment, scoliosis and incontinence by 6-9 months of age. PVL can also occur in term infants with certain con- genital cyanotic heart disease which will not be our focus here （Volpe, 2001）.

关键词： Pathophysiology of periventricular leukomalacia nimal models

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Modeling, analysis, and optimization of dimensional accuracy of FDM-fabricated parts using definitive screening design and deep learning feedforward artificial neural network

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Advances in Manufacturing 2021年第1期9卷 115-129页

作者： Omar ahmed mohamed Syed Hasan Masood Jahar Lal Bhowmik School of Engineering Deakin UniversityGeelongAustralia Department of Mechanical Engineering Higher Institute of Engineering TechnologyBani WalidLibya Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVIC 3122Australia Department of Health Science and Biostatistics Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVIC 3122Australia

Additive manufacturing(AM)technologies such as fused deposition modeling(FDM)rely on the quality of manufactured products and the process ***,the dimensional accuracy and stability of any AM process is essential for ensuring that customer specifications are satisfied at the highest standard,and variations are controlled without significantly affecting the functioning of processes,machines,and product *** study aims to investigate the effects of FDM fabrication conditions on the dimensional accuracy of cylindrical *** this study,a new class of experimental design techniques for integrated second-order definitive screening design(DSD)and an artificial neural network(ANN)are proposed for designing experiments to evaluate and predict the effects of six important operating *** determining the optimum fabrication conditions to obtain better dimensional accuracies for cylindrical parts,the time consumption and number of complex experiments are reduced considerably in this *** optimum fabrication conditions generated through a second-order DSD are verified with experimental *** results indicate that the slice thickness,part print direction,and number of perimeters significantly affect the percentage of length difference,whereas the percentage of diameter difference is significantly affected by the raster-to-raster air gap,bead width,number of perimeters,and part print ***,the results demonstrate that a second-order DSD integrated with an ANN is a more attractive and promising methodology for AM applications.

关键词： Artificial neural network(ANN) OptimizationDefinitive screening design(DSD) Analysis of variance(ANOVA) Fused deposition modeling(FDM) Dimensional accuracy

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Impacts of climate change on water quantity, water salinity, food security, and socioeconomy in Egypt

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Water Science and Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 17-27页

作者： Mohie El Din mohamed Omar ahmed Moustafa ahmed Moussa Reinhard Hinkelmann National Water Research Center Fum Ismailiya CanalShoubra El-Kheima 13411Egypt International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas Cairo 2416Egypt Nile Research Institute(NRI) National Water Research CenterEl-Qanater 13621Egypt Department of Water Engineering Technische Universit€at Berlin(TU Berlin)Campus El GounaEl Gouna 84513Egypt

Climate change might have direct impacts on water quantity in Egypt and lead to indirect effects on Mediterranean saltwater intrusion to groundwater,which exposes agriculture to *** study investigated impacts of climate change on agriculture,with particular regard to food security and socioeconomy,and quantified the effectiveness of cropping pattern adaptation measures by integrating three mathematical *** BlueM model was used for hydrological simulations of Nasser Lake under flooding scenarios to predict the water supply from the High Aswan *** water and salinity balance(WB-SAL)model was adopted to estimate the water salinity in the Nile *** simulated results from the BlueM and WB-SAL models were integrated with the agricultural simulation model for Egypt(ASME)to project cropping patterns,food security,and socioeconomy throughout the *** results showed that future climate change will directly affect the total crop area;crop areas for 13 crop types;the self-sufficiency of wheat,rice,cereal,and maize supplies;and socioeconomic *** proposed cropping pattern adaptation measures focus on fixing the crop areas of rice and orchards and providing half of the population with lentils,maize,onion,vegetables,milk,and *** adaptation measures have the potential to promote food security without causing deterioration of the socioeconomic ***,water availability has much more significant effects on food security and socioeconomy than cropping pattern adaptation measures ***,the country should rationalize water use efficiency and increase water supply.©2021 Hohai *** and hosting by Elsevier *** is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Climate change Water quantity Salinity Cropping pattern adaptation measures Food security Socioeconomy

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of hot extruded 6016 aluminum alloy/graphite composites

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第9期34卷 1580-1591页

作者： mohamed M.El-Sayed Seleman mohamed M.Z.ahmed Sabbah Ataya Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering Suez University 43518 Suez Egypt Suez and Sinai Metallurgical and Materials Research Center of Scientific Excellence (SSMMR-CSE) 43518 Suez Egypt The British University in Egypt Mechanical Engineering Deportment El-Sherouk City 11837 Cairo Egypt Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering AI Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University Riyadh 11432 saudi Arabia

The incorporation of graphite particles into AA6016 aluminum alloy matrix to fabricate metal/ceramic composites is still a great challenge and various parameters should be considered. In this study, dense AA6016 aluminum alloy/（0-20 wt%） graphite composites have successfully been fabricated by powder metallurgy process. At first, the mixed aluminum and graphite powders were cold compacted at 200 MPa and then sintered at 500 ℃ for 1 h followed by hot extrusion at 450 ℃. The influence of ceramic phases（free graphite and in-situ formed carbides） on microstructure, physical and mechanical properties of the produced composites were finally investigated. The results show that the fabricated composites have a relative density of over 98%. SEM observations indicate that the graphite has a good dispersion in the alloy matrix even at high graphite content. Hardness of all the produced composites was higher than that of aluminum alloy matrix. No cracks were observed at strain less than 23% for all hot extruded *** strength, reduction in height, ultimate tensile stress, fracture stress, yield stress, and fracture strain of all Al/graphite composites were determined by high precision second order equations. Both compressive and ultimate tensile strengths have been correlated to microstructure constituents with focusing on the in-situ formed ceramic phases, silicon carbide（SiC） and aluminum carbide（Al4 C3）. The ductile fracture mode of the produced composites became less dominant with increasing free graphite content and in-situ formed carbides. Wear resistance of Al/graphite composites was increased with increasing graphite content. Aluminum/20 wt% graphite composite exhibited superior wear resistance over that of AA6016 aluminum alloy.

关键词： AA6016/graphite composites Hot extrusion In-situ carbides Mechanical properties Wear resistance Fracture behavior

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A Deep Learning Ensemble Method for Forecasting Daily Crude Oil Price Based on Snapshot Ensemble of Transformer Model

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第7期46卷 929-950页

作者： ahmed Fathalla Zakaria Alameer mohamed Abbas ahmed Ali Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia41522Egypt Mining and Petroleum Department Faculty of EngineeringAl-Azhar UniversityQenaEgypt School of Computer Science and Technology Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Higher Future Institute for Specialized Technological Studies Cairo3044Egypt

The oil industries are an important part of a country’s *** crude oil’s price is influenced by a wide range of ***,how accurately can countries predict its behavior and what predictors to employ are two main *** this view,we propose utilizing deep learning and ensemble learning techniques to boost crude oil’s price forecasting *** suggested method is based on a deep learning snapshot ensemble method of the Transformer *** examine the superiority of the proposed model,this paper compares the proposed deep learning ensemble model against different machine learning and statistical models for daily Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC)oil price *** results demonstrated the outperformance of the proposed method over statistical and machine learning *** precisely,the proposed snapshot ensemble of Transformer method achieved relative improvement in the forecasting performance compared to autoregressive integrated moving average ARIMA(1,1,1),ARIMA(0,1,1),autoregressive moving average(ARMA)(0,1),vector autoregression(VAR),random walk(RW),support vector machine(SVM),and random forests(RF)models by 99.94%,99.62%,99.87%,99.65%,7.55%,98.38%,and 99.35%,respectively,according to mean square error metric.

关键词： Deep learning ensemble learning transformer model crude oil price

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RESPONSE OF MICROPOLAR THERMOELASTIC SOLID WITH VOIDS DUE TO VARIOUS SOURCES UNDER GREEN NAGHDI THEORY

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2012年第2期25卷 197-209页

作者： mohamed Ibrahim ahmed Othman Sarhan Youssef Atwa Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZagazig UniversityP.O.Box 44519ZagazigEgypt Higher Institute of Engineer Dept.of Eng.Math.and PhysicsShorouk AcademyEgypt Faculty of Science Department of mathematicsShaqra UniversityAL-QuwaiyahSaudi Arabia

Green-Naghdi （G-N） theory of thermoelasticity is employed to study the deformation of micropolar thermoelastic solid with voids considering the influence of various sources acting on the plane surface. The normal mode analysis is used to obtain the analytical expressions of the displacement components, force stress, coupled stress, variation of volume fraction field and temperature distribution. The computed results are presented graphically when the volume source is applied. Comparisons of type II and type III with and without micropolarity effect are made with the results predicted in the context of （G-N） theory.

关键词： micropolar thermoelastic solid volume fraction coupled stress energy dissipation,voids

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