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Optimization of <i>Jatropha</i>Biodies.l Production by Res.ons. s.rface Methodology

Green and s.s.ainable Chemis.ry 2021年第1期11卷 23-37页

作者： Nurudeen Is.ola Mohammed Nas.ereldeen Ahmed Kabbas.i Md Zahangir Alam mohamed elwathig s. mirghani Bioenvironmental Engineering Res.arch Centre (BERC) Department of Biotechnology Engineering Faculty of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Jalan Gombak Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department School of Engineering RMIT University Victoria Australia International Ins.itute for Halal Res.arch and Training (INHART) (IIUM) Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Cos. of biodies.l is.primarily becaus. of factors.s.ch as.the feeds.ock, production proces. and materials. Apparently, the final biodies.l product is.a bit expens.ve compared to fos.il dies.l fuel. While non-food feeds.ock of high oil content s.ch as.Jatropha curcas has been proposed to reduce the cost due to the feedstock, a promising two-step approach of hydro-esterification can possibly offset the production cost for oil resource with high free fatty acids. Most importantly, optimization of the materials and process is expected to reduce wastage, enhance product purity and generate less wastewater. However, optimizing product generation has been dauntingly elusive because several parameters are needed to be considered holistically. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the yield and conversion of Jatropha biodiesel from J. curcas hydrolysate. An optimum Yield and conversion of 96% was achieved for both responses with an optimum temperature value of 60°C, 4 wt% for catalyst loading for 6 hrs reaction time. Findings imply that optimization study of Jatropha curcas hydrolysate for yield and conversion of fatty acid methyl esters using face centered central composite design of Design Expert 6.0.8 can ensure purity of product, conserve energy and reduce waste generation providing a significant frontier in biodiesel pricing.s.an>s.an>

关键词： Jatropha curcas Es.erification Optimization Yield Convers.on

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Comparative s.udy of the characteris.tion and extraction techniques.of polyphenolic compounds.from Acacia s.yal gum

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Food Quality and s.fety 2022年第1期6卷 24-33页

作者： Ahmed A.M.Elnour mohamed E.s.mirghani Nas.ereldeen A.Kabbas.i Khalid Hamid Mus. Fahimeh s.ahabipour Nureddin As.ammakhi Nour Hamid Abdurahman International Ins.itute for Halal Res.arch and Training International Islamic University MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia Bioenvironmental Engineering Res.arch Centre Biotechnology Engineering DepartmentKuliyah of EngineeringInternational Islamic University MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia Ins.itute of Gum Arabic&Des.rtification s.udies University of KordofanElobiedSudan Department of Food s.ience and Human Nutrition College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineQassim UniversityBuraydahKingdom of SaudiArabia s.in Res.arch Centre Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Bioengineering Henry Samueli School of EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA Centre of Excellence for Advanced Res.arch in Fluid Flow University Malaysia PahangGambangMalaysia

Background Acacia s.yal gum(As.)is.an abundant s.urce of natural polyphenolic compounds.NPPCs.and antioxidant activity with numerous.benefits.and is.often us.d in cancer *** type of extraction technique can s.gnificantly impact the yield and is.lation of NPPCs.from *** traditional us. of maceration extraction reportedly yields.fewer *** This.s.udy inves.igated five extraction techniques.for NPPCs.and As. antioxidant activity,namely:homogenis.tion,s.aking,ultras.nication,magnetics.irring,*** and methods.The evaluation of the antioxidant activity(AoA)of the extracted NPPCs.from As. us.d five as.ays.namely:total flavonoids.content,Folin-Ciocalteu index,2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical s.avenging activity,ferric reducing antioxidant power,and cupric *** To minimis. the data s.t dimens.onality requires.principal component *** ultras.nic and maceration techniques.were the bes. techniques.to extract NPPCs.and examine the AoA of As.,with a high correlation between the NPPCs.and ***,the maceration proces. was.s.ow(12 h)compared to ultras.nication(1 h).s.ow extraction can res.lt in a decline of the NPPCs.due to polyphenol oxidas.-enzyme and impact *** Thes. findings.provide an es.ential guide for the choice of extraction techniques.for the effective extraction of NPPCs.from As. and other plant materials.

关键词： Polyphenolic extraction gum Arabic comparis.n of techniques principal component analys.s ultras.nication

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Antibacterial, Antioxidant Activities.and GC-Ms.Analys.s.of Dichros.achys.cinera (L.) Ethanolic Leaves.Extract

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2022年第12期13卷 545-557页

作者： s.telbanat Yas.in mohamed Abubker Anwar mohamed s.lma Omer s.lah Humeada Elhadi M. M. Ahmed mirghani Abd Alrahman Department of Pharmaceutics.(Pharmaceutical Microbiology) University of Gezira Wad Madani Sudan Department of Pharmaceutical Chemis.ry University of Gezira Wad Madani Sudan Central Laboratory University of Gezira Wad Madani Sudan Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Madani Sudan Department of Chemis.ry Faculty of Education West Kordofan University Kordofan Sudan Department of Pharmacognos. University of Gezira Wad Madani Sudan Medicinal and Aromatic Plants.Res.arch Center University of Gezira Wad Madani Sudan Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice University of Gezira Wad Madani Sudan

Traditional medicinal plants.are one of the potential s.urces.of antimicrobial drugs.and there is.a great concern in the us. and development of herbal medicine for the treatment of various.infections. This.s.udy aimed to evaluate the antibacterial, and antioxidant activities.of Dichros.achys.cinera ethanolic leaves.extract and to determine the components.of the crude extract. D. cinera extract was.evaluated agains. s.aphylococcus.aureus.ATCC 25923, Es.herichia coli ATCC 25922, and Ps.udomonas.aeruginos. ATCC 27853. The antibacterial, antioxidant activities.and active cons.ituents.were determined us.ng s.andard methods. Antibacterial activity of the crude extract findings.s.owed that all bacterial candidates.were s.s.eptible where s. aureus.repres.nt MIC at 12.5 mg/ml and MBC at 25 mg/ml, E. coli and P. aeruginos. both s.owed MIC 25 mg/ml and MBC 50 mg/ml. In the free radical s.avenging as.ay of the extract and the s.andard quercetin at concentrations.of 250 μg/ml, 125 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml, and 5 μg/ml. The radical s.avenging activity for the extract was.about 92%, 89.6%, 86.8%, 82.8% and 37.8% res.ectively, compared to quercetin which gave 89.7%, 85.8%, 62.1%, 55.5%, and 45% radical s.avenging activity. The GC-Ms.analys.s.of the total cons.ituents.demons.rated that 1,6-Anhydro-2,4-dideoxy-.beta.-D-ribo-hexo (21.26%) with different peaks. followed by Glycerin (11.56%), 1,2,3-Cyclopentanetriol (10.18%), 8,11,14-Eicos.trienoic acid, (Z,Z,Z)-(6.18%), 1H-Pyrrole, 1-methyl-(6.08%), Phytol (5.91%) and 7-Bromo-6-(2-diethylaminoethoxy)-2,3-dihyd (5.44%) as.major components.in the extract. Finally, this.s.udy provided us.ful information on the therapeutic potential of D. cinera as.an antibacterial agent and recommended to be evaluated agains. a wide range of Bacterial and fungal s.rains.us.ng different s.lvents.and different parts.from the plant.

关键词： Dichros.achys.cinera Antibacterial Activity Antioxidant GC Ms.Analys.s

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Incidence of Oxa23 and Oxa51 Genes.As.ociated with Bacterial Is.lated from Patients.with Uros.ps.s. s.ngle Centre Pres.ective

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2022年第3期12卷 85-96页

作者： s.lma Omer Ibrahim Elimam M. A. Mohammed s.mi Mahjoub Taha s.naa Mohammed Yous.f Hajir Omer Omer Omer mirghani s.if-Elnas. s.itelbanat Yas.in Yous.f Abdelhameed Mohammed Omer Abu Elhas.n mohamed Taj-Eldin Adam Dawoud Abakar Elhadi Abdalla Ahmed s.laheldein G. Elzaki Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Lab Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Urology Faculty of Medicine University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan National Blood Bank Ministry of Health Khartoum Sudan Univers.ty Hos.ital Galway Galway Ireland Department of Urology Gezira Hospital for Renal Disease and Surgery Wad Medani Sudan Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Clinical Chemis.ry National Cancer Institute University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Microbiology Wad Medani College for Medical Science and Technology Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Paras.tology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Epidemiology Tropical Medicine Research Institute Khartoum Sudan

Background: Uros.ps.s.is.one of the mos. common infections.that require empirical broad s.ectrum antibiotics.immediately after diagnos.s. This.has.led to development of bacterial res.s.ance by acquiring the capability to des.roy the β-lactam ring. Methodology: This.is.a cros.-s.ctional hos.ital-bas.d s.udy. The s.udy was.conducted from 2019 to 2020 at Gezira Hos.ital for Renal dis.as.s.and s.rgery (GHRDs.. A hundred patients.were diagnos.d clinically with uros.ps.s.and the is.lated organis.s.were Es.herichia coli, s.aphylococcus.aureus. Proteus.mirabilis. Klebs.ella pneumonia and Ps.udomonas.aeruginos.. The s.s.eptibility tes. was.conducted by Kirby Bauer dis. diffus.on technique according to clinical laboratory s.andard ins.itute (CLs.) guidelines. s.venty eight s.mples.of bacterial genomic DNA were confirmed by 16s.RNA and multiplex PCR, were performed for genotypic blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 gene characterization of is.lated bacteria. Then gel electrophores.s.was.us.d to identify the pres.nce or abs.nce of (blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23) genes. Res.lts. 88.5% (69/78) in 16s.RNA detected. Us.ng multiplex PCR, the frequencies.of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes.were 13% and 10.1%, res.ectively. The percentages.of is.lates.which yielded both blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 among P. aeruginos. was.25% (1/4), among K. pneumonia was.17% (1/6), and among E. coli was.8% (3/37). Only blaOXA-51 was.detected in P. mirabilis.10% (1/10) and only blaOXA-23 was.detected in s. aureus.5% (1/18). Conclus.on: In this.s.udy, the pres.nce of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes.was.increas.d in the is.lated bacteria.

关键词： Uros.ps.s Carbapenem-Res.s.ant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23

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