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Upper arm length along with mid-upper arm circumference to enhance wasting prevalence estimation and diagnosis:sensitivity and specificity in 6-59-months old children

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2021年第2期9卷 24-30页

作者： Mouhamed Barro mohamed daouda baro Djibril Cisse Noel Zagre Thierno Ba Shanti Neff baro Yacouba Diagana Nutrition and development association NouakchottMauritania Nutrition UNICEFNouakchottMauritania UNICEF West and Central Africa Regional Office DakarSenegal Ministry of Health NouakchottMauritania Independent Consultant in Biostatistics ParisFrance University of Nouakchott NouakchottMauritania

Objective To evaluate the added value of the use of upper arm length(UAL)along with mid-upper arm circumference(MUAC)to diagnose and estimate the prevalence of wasting in comparison to current WHO standard and other MUAC-based *** UAL and usual anthropometric measurements were collected during a national cross-sectional nutritional *** were classified into three upper arm length groups(UALGs):UALG1,UALG2 and UALG3 according to the following UAL limits:≤150,151-180 and≥181 mm,*** operating characteristic curves were used to determine the best MUAC cut-off for each group using weight-for height Z-score(WHZ)as a reference *** prevalence,sensitivity and specificity of all diagnostic methods were *** This study was conducted in *** National representative sample of children from 6 to 59 months *** In total,12590 children were included in the *** prevalence was 16.1%,5.0%and 12.5%when diagnosed by WHZ<−2,MUAC<125 mm and MUAC-UALG methods,*** the MUAC-UALG method increased the sensitivity for wasting diagnosis from 17.98%with MUAC<125 mm to 39.43%with *** specificity decreased from 97.49%with MUAC<125 mm to 92.71%with *** MUAC-height Z score and MUAC<138 mm,sensitivity was 26.04%and 69.76%and specificity were 97.40%and 75.64%*** This alternative method using MUAC tape to measure UAL increases the wasting diagnosis accuracy and allows for a better estimation of wasting *** method could be used as a potential alternative method for quick surveys in emergency settings such as Corona virus disease 2019 context.

关键词： diagnosis estimation Upper

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FVC and FEV Reference Values for Beninese Individuals Aged 17 - 20 Years

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2019年第2期9卷 48-59页

作者： Folly Messan mohamed M. Lawani daouda Mama Laboratory of Respiratory Hormonal and Gerontological Explorations of the Sportman National Institute of Youth Physical Education and Sport (INJEPS) University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Republic of Benin Laboratory of Biomechanics and Performance (LABIOP) National Institute of Youth Physical Education and Sport (INJEPS) University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Republic of Benin Laboratory of Applied Hydrology Faculty of Sciences and Technics University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Republic of Benin

Background: 1) To determine forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV) for Beninese individuals of both sexes aged 17 - 20 years;2) Compare the observed values to those calculated based on the algorithms of the spirometer used. Materials and Methods: The FVC and FEV values were first measured using a Micro Quark spirometer and then calculated from equations for the European Respiratory Society-93 (ERS-93) in 148 subjects, including 46 girls. In each age group, the measured values for the height of the subjects were considered the only variables used to calculate the equations for FVC and FEV with their 95% confidence intervals. The means of the FEV and FVC values were obtained by univariate analysis. Results: The calculated FEV and FVC values were significantly higher (p Conclusion: The correction factors incorporated in spirometers imported from Europe no longer seem appropriate to measure the physical characteristics of African subjects. The differences between the two methods of assessment should be used as new ethnic correction factors.

关键词： Reference Values Correction Factors Forced Vital Capacity Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second Benin

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Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges of De Quervain Thyroiditis in Sub-Saharan Africa: Illustration with Two New Cases in Dakar

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2017年第12期7卷 219-226页

作者： Abdoulaye Leye Ngoné Diaba Diack Nafy Ndiaye Ameth Dieng daouda Thioub Yakham mohamed Leye Internal Medicine and Endocrinology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Senegal

Introduction: De Quervain’s subacute thyroiditis is an inflammatory granulomatosis with clinical presentation some time atypical leading eventually to misdiagnosis or inadequate treatment. In our area, physician should be aware of this possible etiology in presence of recent and acute features of thyrotoxicosis with or without painful firm goiter. We illustrate this fact with two new observations from Sub-Saharan Africa. Observations: Our first patient is a 70-year-old Guinean woman presenting a painful nodular and hard goiter at palpation. Her history was recent in a context of deterioration of the general state with a sub clinical thyrotoxicosis syndrome. The diagnosis of probable malignant thyroid tumor was evoked initially and a thyroidectomy considered. She presented an important biological inflammatory syndrome and biological peripheral hyperthyroidism. Neck ultrasound examination showed heterogeneous patchy decreased echogenicity. The diagnosis of subacute De Quervain’s thyroiditis was set up. A corticosteroid therapy at a rate of 20 mg/day of prednisone was begun with a fast degression of dose. After 3 weeks of treatment, we noticed total clinical recovery normalization of biological parameters. The second observation was about a 52-year-old Senegalese women living in Bamako. She presented cervical pains evolving for 2 months in a context of flu-like syndrome associated with thyrotoxicosis and marked biological inflammatory syndrome. The thyroid ultrasound showed global heterogeneity with characteristic aspect of “geography map” leading to the diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis. A combination therapy with low dose of prednisone, ß-blockers and tranquillizers. We noticed fast disappearance of clinical and biological signs. At 5 mg per day of prednisone, there were moderate signs of relapse with rapid favorable evolution after few days under increased dose of prednisone up to 10 mg/day. Conclusion: De Quervain’s thyroiditis can appear under misleading feat

关键词： De Quervain’s Thyroiditis Nodular Goiter Tropical Area

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Bronchospasm Diagnosis in Motorcycle Taxi Drivers Exposed to Automotive Pollutants in Porto-Novo

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 13-20页

作者： Folly Messan mohamed Lawani Barnabé Akplogan Pierre Dansou daouda Mama Rodrigue Hounkponou Rodrigue A. Dagnitché Laboratory of Applied Hydrology Faculty of Sciences and Technics University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Republic of Benin Laboratory of Biomechanics and Performance (LABIOP) National Institute of Youth Physical Education and Sport (INJEPS) University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Republic of Benin Laboratory of PSA and Motricity National Institute of Youth Physical Education and Sport (INJEPS) University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Republic of Benin

Background: In African cities, chronic exposure to pollutants is the most common public health problem faced daily by motorcycle taxi drivers. In Benin, studies conducted on motorcycle drivers, have shown the presence of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds and particulate matter in ambient air, which may affect lung function. Aims: This study aims to diagnose potential respiratory problems among 48 motorcycle taxi drivers (47.02 ± 8.75 years) compared to a control group made up of 52 people (46.38 ± 8.81 years) in Porto-Novo, Benin. Methods: A questionnaire, two exploration pulmonary function tests and two 6-minute walk tests were used to identify symptoms and changes in respiratory variables that reveal the existence of bronchospasm. Results: The frequency of respiratory symptoms noted among motorcycle taxi drivers is higher than that recorded among members of the control group. We observed that motorcycle drivers at rest and after physical effort have significantly lower respiratory variables (FVC, FEV1, PEF, FEF25-75, FEF50 and FEF25) (p < 0.05) than those recoded in control group. Conclusion: It can therefore be concluded that, because of the relatively long duration of exposure among motorcycle taxi drivers, the inhalation of automobile pollutants, may cause respiratory problems in this population.

关键词： Automobile Pollution Asthma Bronchospasm Urban Pollution Motorcycle-Taxi Drivers Benin

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Screening of Peripheral Artery Disease by Systematic Measurement of Ankle-Brachial Index among Diabetic Patients in Dakar

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2017年第4期7卷 321-329页

作者： Abdoulaye Leye Nafy Ndiaye Ngone Diaba Diack Michel Assane Ndour Ameth Dieng daouda Thioub Awa Fall Samira Elfajri Yakham mohamed Leye Internal Medicine/Endocrinology-Diabetology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The peripheral artery disease (PAD) is one of the chronic and frightening vascular complications of the diabetes whose tracking can be done by the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) measurement. We conducted in this context a study which consisted in measuring the ABI among hospitalized diabetic patients at Teaching Hospital of Pikine in Dakar, over 18 months’ duration. The aim was to determine the prevalence and evaluate factors correlated to the presence of the PAD. Patients and Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study interested the whole of diabetic patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine/Endocrinology Department, from January 2013 to June 2014. We carried out a complete clinical examination associated with ABI measurement by a Doppler probe for each included patient after having collected the clinical and paraclinical data. Results: Our population of study comprised 209 diabetic patients with a female predominance (126, 60.3%). The sex-ratio man/woman was 0.6. The median age of the population of study was 54 ± 2 years. In our series, 157 (75.1%) patients discovered their diabetes with the waning of an affection while the 52 (24.9%) other patients discovered their diabetes at the time of a systematic assessment. The PAD appeared by an intermittent claudication among 38 patients (18.2%). The ABI was normal for 126 patients (60.3%). The ABI was low for 51 patients (24.4%), unilateral in 3.8% of cases and bilateral in 20.6% of cases. The ABI was high among 32 patients (15.3%), unilateral in 7.2% of cases and bilateral in 8.1% of cases. The ABI extremes values were 0.11 and 2. In the population of study, 46 patients (22%) had a well-compensated PAD. The PAD was low compensated for 3 patients (1.4%) and severe for 2 patients (1%). The ABI was more frequent and significantly among women than men, with 32 cases (25.4%) against 19 (22.9%) cases (p = 0.021). The proportion of low ABI was more important among patients whose diabetes had evolved for more tha

关键词： Diabetes Ankle-Brachial Index Peripheral Artery Disease Screening Dakar

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Assessment of the Podiatric Risk on Diabetics in Dakar Hospital Area: Cross-Sectional Study in Regard to 142 Patients

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2018年第1期8卷 1-8页

作者： Abdoulaye Leye Ngone Diaba Diack Yakham mohamed Leye Nafy Ndiaye Alex Bahati Ameth Dieng daouda Thioub Maimouna Senghor Maouly Fall Samira Elfajri Internal Medicine/Endocrinology-Diabetology Department Teaching Hospital of PikineDakarSenegal

The prevention of diabetic foot goes through a systematic podiatric assessment of diabetic patients permitting to identify the foot at risk. Then, we realized a study in the Internal Medicine Department at Pikine Teaching Hospital in Dakar with the assessment of foot risk on admitted diabetic patients as our main objective. Methods: It was about a prospective cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study done on 18 months period. Results: Overall, 142 patients were gathered. The average age was 56.22 years and the sex-ratio was 0.67. 87.2% of the patients were running type 2 diabetes. The capillary blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin were respectively around 3.24 g/L and 9%. High Blood Pressure was found in 62% of cases. The type of footwear most used by our patients was sandals (96.3%). Also, 30.6% of patients walked barefoot. Prior ulceration and/or amputation were noted in 30% of cases. During the foot examination, a lesion was found in 15.5% of patients. Loss of monofilament sensitivity was about 66.7%. The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) less than 0.9 was recorded in 34% of patients and at least a quarter of patients were posteriorly tibial pulselessness. The gradation of the foot risk according to the International Working Group of the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) was established as follow: grade 0 (58%), grade 1 (9.8%), grade 2 (14.3%), grade 3 (17.3%). The presence of neuropathy (OR 12. 162 [3.368 - 43.923];p = 0.000), plantar keratosis (OR 2.87 [1.119 - 7.399];p = 0.024) and the absence of pulse perception (OR 9.00 [3.205 - 25.414];p = 0.000) were significant associated factors of foot injury occurrence on our patients. Conclusion: The prevention of diabetic foot in emerging countries is accessible by a systematic clinical examination of all diabetic feet and the awareness of adapted footwear.

关键词： Foot Risk Diabetes Dakar

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Adult Onset Still’s Disease in Tropical Area: Illustration of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Difficulties from 3 Senegaleses Observations

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2017年第4期7卷 135-143页

作者： Nafy Ndiaye Ngoné Diaba Diack Michel Assane Ndour Biram Codou Fall Ghislain De Chacus daouda Thioub Ameth Dieng Yakham mohamed Leye Abdoulaye Leye Internal Medicine Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The Adult Onset Still’s Disease (ASD) is a systemic auto-inflammatory affection of unknown cause seldom described in sub-Saharan Africa. We report 3 observations of ASD illustrating the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties of this affection in our areas. Observation 1: Our first patient is a 56 years old schoolteacher presenting an ASD in its chronic articular form. She had been followed for an inflammatory arthralgia for 10 years and of the pharyngal pains without exact diagnosis. She presented ASD’s criteria of Yamaguchi and of Fautrel. The prednisone was begun at the dose of 0.8 mg/kg/day with fast appearance of a progressive muscular weakness. Use of methotrexate at a rate of 15 mg per week, associated with low dose of prednisone was effective in long-term without any flare of the disease so far. Observation 2: Our second patient is a 30 years old dressmaker presenting an ASD in its complicated systemic form of lymphohistiocytic activation syndrome. She validated the criteria of Yamaguchi and Fautrel for ASD. She also presented resistance to corticosteroid therapy. The evolution was marked by a hospital-acquired septicemia and a multi-organ failure leading to death. The diagnosis was retrospectively confirmed after that, with the low level of the glycosylated ferritin serum value. Observation 3: The third patient is a 22 years old Guinean student who presented prolonged fever and inflammatory polyarthralgia without articular deformation. He had been misdiagnosed for ASD with diagnostic wandering of several months. He was treated successfully with prednisone after set up of ASD diagnosis according common criteria. Corticosteroid therapy was stopped after 8 months without any relapse noted so far. Conclusion: Caring for ASD is difficult in our context mainly because of high cost of several explorations needed to set up its exact diagnosis while making differential one. Evolution under corticosteroid therapy is usually favorable but diagnostic dela

关键词： Still’s Disease Diagnosis Treatment Tropical Area

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Management of Pheochromocytoma in Dakar: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Advances throughout 16 Cases

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2018年第1期8卷 19-28页

作者： Abdoulaye Leye Nafy Ndiaye Yakham mohamed Leye Amadou Fall Cisse Ngoné Diaba Diack Michel Assane Ndour Ameth Dieng daouda Thioub Baidy Sy Kane Alex Bahati Alpha Omar Touré Cherif mohamed Dial Pape Saloum Diop Internal Medicine and Endocrinology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Dakar Senegal Internal Medicine Department Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital of Dakar Dakar Senegal General Surgery Department Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital of Dakar Dakar Senegal Anatomo-Pathology Department General Hospital of Grand Yoff Dakar Dakar Senegal General Surgery Department General Hospital of Grand Yoff Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Management of pheochromocytoma faces different challenges leading to misdiagnosis and therapeutic delay in developing countries. The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic features as well as the evolution of our management strategies in hospital setting in recent years in Dakar. Patients and Method: We carried out a retrospective study over 12 years (January 2005 to June 2017), in 4 hospitals in Dakar. We only included patients with established diagnosis of pheochromocytoma upon clinical, biological, radiological and histological arguments. Results: During this period, 16 observations have been collected and were all about female patients. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 36.81 years. The clinical signs were dominated by hypertension found for 14 patients. At biological examination, hypersecretion catecholamine was found in 13 patients, high urinary metanephrines in 7 patients, high plasmatic metanephrines in 2 patients and raised urinary Vanyl Mandelic Acid (VMA) in 4 patients. Dosage of chromogranin A showed high level for one patient. Abdominal CT scan allowed making the adrenal origin of tumors precise. One patient presented bilateral pheochromocytoma. Before being treated surgically, all patients had had medical preparation. The surgical treatment by median laparotomy consisted of an enucleation of the tumor in 2 patients, and adrenal resection in *** evolution after surgery was favorable in 12 patients out of 13. One patient died 2 days after surgery by hemodynamic instability. In 2 patients who presented metastases, multidrug therapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and dacarbazine was decided after a multidisciplinary meeting, but they died before treatment. Conclusion: Management of pheochromocytomas in developing countries is obviously improving, but the mortality rate remains high. Early diagnosis and perioperative care are to be targeted for better outcome and prognosis of this rare tumor in o

关键词： Pheochromocytoma Diagnosis Treatment Dakar

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Endocranial Suppurations of Sinus Origin: Ratio of 3 Cases in Children at the Hospital in Mali

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第3期11卷 517-531页

作者： Bourama Kané Korotoumou Wélé Diallo mohamed Maba Traoré Boubacar Mami Touré Mahamadou Dama Mody Abdoulaye Camara Guédiouma Dembélé daouda Sissoko Oumar Coulibaly Mamadou Traoré Pediatrics Department of Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Medical Imaging Service Bamako Mali Neurosurgery Department of the Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Pediatric Service of the Commune Reference Health Center V Bamako Mali

Introduction: Intracranial suppurations are neoformed purulent collections including, in decreasing order, cerebral abscesses, subdural empyemas and extradural empyemas. Otorhinolaryngologic infections are one of the main causes, especially in older children and adolescents. We report 3 clinical cases of endocranial suppurations treated at the Mali Hospital. Clinical Cases: 1) Observation 1. IK was a 14-year-old boy, who was hospitalized in our department for fever, headache and left hemiplegia. The emergency brain scan showed a right frontal and interhemispheric subdural empyema associated with multifocal sinusitis. Surgical drainage associated with ceftriaxone: 100 mg/Kg/d in direct intravenous (DI), metronidazole: 10 mg/Kgs/12hours in slow intravenous (SI) for 15 days, gentamycin: 3 mg/Kgs/d in SI for 3 days, paracetamol 15 mg/Kgs/6hours in SI, 10% glucose serum: 100 ml/Kg/d were given. The bacteriological analysis of the pus came back sterile. The postoperative period was calm. 2) Observation 2. This was a 14-year-old boy with a history of headaches who was admitted to our department for left hemiplegia. An emergency brain scan showed a right pre-suppurative encephalitis associated with a right fronto-ethmoidal and maxillary sinusitis. He was put on ceftriaxone 100 mg/kg/d in DI for 21 days, gentamycin: 3 mg/Kg/d in SI for 3 days;metronidazole: 10 mg/kg/12hours in SI for 21 days, paracetamol: 15 mg/kg/6hours in SI. After 3 weeks of medical treatment, a follow-up brain scan revealed an interhemispheric and right subdural empyema. Surgical drainage was associated with the triple antibiotic therapy initially instituted. The bacteriological analysis of the pus was sterile. The postoperative course was calm. 3) Observation 3. N.M was an 11-year-old boy, who was admitted with fever and left hemiplegi

关键词： Sinusitis Endocranial Suppurations Mali Hospital

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Blount Method in the Management of Supracondylar Fractures of the Humerus in Children

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Surgical Science 2023年第5期14卷 331-337页

作者： Cheick Oumar Sanogo Mamadou Hawa Daffe Kalifa Coulibaly Aboubacar Diallo Soumana Traore Sory Ibrahim Tambassi mohamed Berthe Mahamadou Diallo Souleymane Diallo Ibrahim Abdou Maiga Kassim daouda Berete Alhassane Barry Department of Orthopedic Traumatology University Hospital Center Pr Bocar Sidy SALL Kati Mali Department of Orthopedic Traumatology Gabriel Toure University Hospital Center Bamako Mali Department of Orthopedic Traumatology National Hospital Donka Guinea

Supracondylar fractures of the humerus are the most common traumatic elbow injury in children. Several techniques are described in their support. Blount’s method is one of the widely used orthopedic means. The objective of our study was to evaluate the results of supracondylar fractures of the humerus treated by this method in our department. This was a descriptive, longitudinal study with the prospective collection over a period of 12 months from May 2018 to April 2019. It focused on children aged 0 to 15 years treated in the Orthopedic Traumatology Department of the CHU of Kati for a supracondylar fracture of the humerus in extension. A minimum follow-up period of 6 months was necessary for inclusion. 12 patients were collected. The sociodemographic, anatomopathologic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects were studied. The results were evaluated according to Flynn’s criteria. The male sex was predominant with a ratio of 2. The average age was 5.5 years. The average admission time was 12.5 hours. Domestic accidents were the main etiology (66.66%) and Type II fracture was the most frequent with 58.33%. The duration of immobilization was 42 days for 11 patients. Complications were 1 case of secondary displacement and 1 case of 12˚ flexion deficit. The average Baumann angle was 72˚. The result was satisfactory for all our patients. Supracondylar fractures of the humerus are common in children, especially boys. The method of Blount when it is well carried out by respecting the indications gives good results.

关键词： Supracondylar Humerus Fracture Children Blount Method

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