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Elaboration of the Hydro-Geophysics GIS Showing the Volubilis Depression and the Prerifains Ridges Structuration (Morocco North Occidental)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第6期6卷 625-635页

作者： Asma Ben Moussa Abdelaziz Mridekh Bouabid El Mansouri Ahmed Manar mohamed chibout Laboratory of Applied Geosciences Technology Team of Water Resources Faculty of Science IbnTofail University Kenitra Morocco International Institute of Water and Waste Water O.N.E.E—Water Sector Chellah Morocco Ministry of the Energies Mines Water and the Environment Rabat Morocco Laboratory of Geodynamic Faculty of Science Dhar Mehraz University Fes Morocco

We present a comparative analysis of electrical and gravity data on the Geographic Information System of the prerifaines ridges. At the Meso-Cenozo?c sequence, the geometry of the prerifaines ridges is fairly well known. However, the post-Miocene series remain to be characterized. In this perspective, we use a database composed of gravity and vertical electrical sounding profiles and geo-electrical sections in order to characterize this structuration. These data are calibrated by many oil and hydrogeological boreholes. Preliminary results lead to better understanding of the organization of its underlying structures in this area. The Gravimetric filtering results show that the area may be dissected by tree major faults striking NW-SE, NE-SW and N-S. All these faults have contributed, since Hercynian to Alpines orogenies, to the structuring of this area, being proved to be the deepest and can reach 4500 m. The comparison of gravity maps, geological and structural maps under Geographic Information System allows the identification of major structural directions and trends of the study area. It confirms some structural elements gathered from outcrops and define new ones. Results from this work show the importance of using various filtering and interpretation techniques in the analysis of gravity data. They also provide news insights into the deep structure of the study area.

关键词： Prerifaines Ridges Volubilis Miocene Electric Gravimetric GIS Hydro-Geophysics

Modeling of the Groundwater Flow and Saltwater Intrusion in the Coastal Aquifer of Fum Al Wad, Province of Laayoun, Morocco

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International Journal of Geosciences 2018年第1期9卷 71-92页

作者： mohamed El Mokhtar mohamed chibout Bouabid El Mansouri Jamal Chao Malika Kili Sidi Mokhtar El Kanti Geosciences Laboratory of Natural Resources Faculty of Sciences University Ibn Tofail Kenitra Morocco Geodynamic Laboratory of Natural Resources Faculty of Sciences University Dhar Mahraz Fes Morocco

Saltwater intrusion caused by groundwater over-exploitation from coastal aquifers poses a severe problem in many regions. The Fum Al Wad aquifer is located between Atlantic Ocean in the West and Laayoun in the East. This aquifer covers an area of 250 Km2, and represents an essential water resource for Laayoun city and the periphery regions. It is heavily exploited for water supply, agriculture and industry. The freshwater-saltwater interface is affected by groundwater extraction by public supplies, irrigation wells, and domestic wells in the coastal of this aquifer. The position of the interface is controlled by several factors: these include precipitation, recharge rate, dryness, evapotranspiration, hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic head. Landward migration of the interface freshwater-saltwater often results in a significant decrease in the water resources available for coastal communities. The volume pumped by public for irrigation and the domestic usage in 2010-2011 is estimated 2.5 Mm3/year, and in 2015 about 2.91 Mm3/year only for domestic usages. The objectives of this work are to model the groundwater flow and saltwater intrusion in the coastal aquifer of Fum Al Wad, by SEAWAT-2000 program which coupled both the version of MODFLOW-2000 and MT3DMS. They are designed to simulate variable-density groundwater flow and solute transport in three dimensions. The model is calibrated for hydraulic conductivity, specific yield, porosity, and recharge rate as well as dispersivity coefficient. The result of simulation of the hydrodynamic model during the period of 1986-2015 has revealed a piezometric drawdown with 2.3 m approximately at the level of the pumping zone. Furthermore, this piezometric depression is caused by excessive pumping of the various uses of water and its corresponding that has resulted in the migration of the saltwater intrusion into freshwater with 4.3 km approximately. The simulations result for scenarios 2020 and 2030 of Fum Al Wad aquifer showe

关键词： Fum Al Wad Aquifer Over-Exploitation Pumping Wells Saltwater Intrusion Piezometric Head Water-Table

Application of Electrical Tomography to Put in Evidence the Thickness and Structure of the Filling of Dayet Iffer (Middle Atlas, Morocco)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2020年第4期11卷 170-183页

作者： Bouchra Lemdeghri Alaoui Abdennasser Baali mohamed chibout Anasse Benslimane Fatima Zahra Faqihi Laboratory “Geosystem Environment and Sustainable Development” Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah Fez Morocco Laboratory “Géodynamics and Natural Ressources” Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah Fez Morocco

The Dayet Iffer belongs to the Dayets of tectono-karst origin of the Northern Middle Atlas. After its watershed genesis of middle altitude during the Quaternary, two lacustrine formations were deposited on the surface while other thick formations exist in depth. The detailed sedimentological study of the soltanian and holocene lithological sections on the surface and the 14C datings helped recognize part of the history of the watershed. The geophysical study allowed to detect the thickness of the superficial geological formations as well as the various geological phenomena (tectonic and/or karst) that affected them from the genesis to the present. The current shape of the watershed where the Dayet Iffer exists is only the result of an evolution where sedimentary, tectonic and karst phenomena interfere. The tomography obtained with Res2DInv software, performed for the first time at the Dayet Iffer, reveals the presence of three ranges which can be interpreted as three resistive, intermediate and conductive zones with a large set of faults. These results helped determine the thickness (over 160 m) of the sedimentary filling. This shows that the hydrological behavior of the Dayet Iffer takes into account both horizontal flows at the stratification and/or karstic joints and the movement of sub-vertical fractures.

关键词： Electrical Tomography Resistivity Lacustrine Sediments Dayet Quaternary Middle Atlas

Geophysical Study by Electrical Soundings of the Tartar Aquifer Unit, Boujdour Region, Morocco

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International Journal of Geosciences 2020年第3期11卷 58-83页

作者： mohamed chibout Anasse Benslimane mohamed El Mokhtar Sidi Mokhtar El Kanti Fatima Zahra Faqihi Lahcen Gourari Geodynamics Laboratory of Natural Resources (LGRN) Dhar Mahraz Faculty of Science Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco Geosciences Laboratory of Natural Resources (LGRN) Hydroinformatics Team Faculty of Science Ibn Tofail University Maamora Campus Kenitra Morocco AFRICA GEO-SERVICES Society Fez Morocco Sakia El Hamra and Oued Eddahab Hydraulic Basin Agency Laayoune Morocco

The Tartar aquifer unit, is located at the SSO of the city of Boujdour, at a distance of nearly 86 km, and crossed (in its western part) by the National Road N1 connecting the towns of Boujdour and Lagouira passing through the vicinity of the city of Dakhla (PK40). It is exploited by rural settlements for domestic use (especially the inhabitants of fishing villages) and livestock watering, only through wells named Khtout Hobia (IRE 126/124) and Hassi Tartar known as Khtout Trayh (IRE 104/124). These wells have been tracked by a piezometric groundwater table and from 2011 to the present day. The interpretation of the electrical soundings in AB ≤ 2000 m allowed to differentiate the presence of two families of electrical soundings A and B, to establish the resistivity maps in AB = 200, 300 and 400 ihm⋅m with qualitative aspects, to draw up the map of the isohypses of the roof of the intermediate Dt1 representing the impermeable floor of the aquifer and to highlight two types of discontinuities;electrical discontinuities corresponding to lateral facies changes (limit of erosion surfaces) separating the families A and B of electrical soundings and those corresponding to syn-sedimentary faults which structured the formations into horsts and grabens. The lithological sections of the existing water points and that of oil well 43-1 allowed the geological identification of the geoelectric layers highlighted by the electrical soundings diagrams. As a result, the sandstone and lumachelic formations constituting the aquifer are of Moghrebian-Pleistocene age represented by the resistant R (Family A), sometimes grouping, in its basal part, sandstone levels of the Miocene roof (Family B). These formations lie directly on the Miocene sandy marls represented by the intermediate Dt1. For the present work, we will focus only on the transverse geoelectric cross-section TA, with an SW-NE orientation, which characterizes all the longitudinal sections established following the correla

关键词： Tartar Aquifer Unit Vertical Electrical Soundings Resistivity

Geophysical Contribution to the Determination of the Limit between Laayoune and Foum El Oued Aquifers, Origin of Supply Sources of Oued Sakia El Hamra, Laayoune Province, Morocco

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International Journal of Geosciences 2019年第11期10卷 1008-1035页

作者： mohamed chibout Anasse Benslimane mohamed El Mokhtar Fatima Zahra Faqihi Sidi Mokhtar El Kanti Ahmed Ntarmouchant Laboratory of Geodynamics and Natural Resources (LGRN) Faculty of Sciences Dhar Mahraz Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco Laboratory of Geosciences and Natural Resources Faculty of Sciences University Ibn Tofail Kenitra Morocco. AFRICA GEO-SERVICES Company 33 Offices Al Manar Street Abd Elkarim Khattabi Fez VN Morocco Hydraulic Basin Agency of Sakia El Hamra and Oued Ed-Dahab Administrative District Laayoune Morocco

Laayoune and the Foum El Oued aquifers are in hydraulic communication only at the level of Oued Saguia El Hamra. The present study has accordingly made use of all the hydrogeological, hydrological, geological and geophysical data that preceded the watershed of Oued Saguia El Hamra in its downstream part. These data are by no means omplementary with the objective of having a better understanding of the boundary line between Laayoune and Foum El Oued aquifers and the origin of feeding the sources of Oued Saguia El Hamra. This study will focus only on the previous geophysical studies where a reinterpretation of electrical soundings has proved useful as a result of the recent well-logging results. It makes it possible to highlight the presence of a significant rise in the truncated marly substratum of Oued Saguia El Hamra and depressions (left and right banks) which could correspond to stream channels or depressed areas. At the level of the Wadi bed, there has been a regular immersion of the conductive level roofs from east to west towards Foum El Oued favoring the flow of wastewater from the zone and spraying the brackish water sources towards the groundwater of Foum El Oued. In the light of the reinterpretation of electric polls, plus as well as the geophysical surveys by electrical tomography and high definition made at the right and left banks of the Oueed Saguia El-Hamra, it was possible to verify the existence of dry ridge separating the two webs of Laayoune and Foum El Oued and stream channels or depressed areas of the left bank for drainage of brackish water to sources located along Oued Saguia El Hamra. The true resistivity models tomography profiles confirm the presence of the backbone at the left and right banks and the graben of the left bank for underground water drainage of the web Laayoune to sources welling the river Saguia El Hamra. They reveal the presence of a quaternary plio-cover (coastal platform Moghrebian) as being heterogeneous and affected by m

关键词： Laayoun and Faum Al Oued Aquifers Ridge Limit Wastewater Brackish Wa-ter Marl Bedrock Vertical Electrical Sounding (SEV) Electrical Tomography (ETR)