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Enteric neuropathy in diabetes:Implications for gastrointestinal function

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2852-2865页

作者： Mona mohamed Ibrahim abdalla Department of Human Biology School of MedicineInternational Medical UniversityBukit Jalil 57000Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Diabetes,commonly known for its metabolic effects,also critically affects the enteric nervous system(ENS),which is essential in regulating gastrointestinal(GI)motility,secretion,and *** development of diabetes-induced enteric neuropathy can lead to various GI dysfunctions,such as gastroparesis and irregular bowel habits,primarily due to disruptions in the function of neuronal and glial cells within the ENS,as well as oxidative stress and *** editorial explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of enteric neuropathy in diabetic ***,it discusses the latest advances in diagnostic approaches,emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention to mitigate GI complications in diabetic *** editorial also reviews current and emerging therapeutic strategies,focusing on pharmacological treatments,dietary management,and potential neuromodulatory ***,this editorial highlights the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach in managing enteric neuropathy in diabetes,aiming to enhance patient quality of life and address a frequently overlooked complication of this widespread disease.

关键词： Diabetic neuropathy Gastrointestinal Insulin resistance Diabetes Enteric nervous system Enteric neuropathy

Insulin resistance as the molecular link between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1430-1447页

作者： Mona mohamed Ibrahim abdalla Department of Human Biology School of MedicineInternational Medical UniversityBukit Jalil 57000Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Diabetes mellitus(DM)and Alzheimer's disease(AD)are two major health concerns that have seen a rising prevalence *** studies have indicated a possible link between DM and an increased risk of developing ***,while primarily known for its role in regulating blood sugar,also plays a vital role in protecting brain *** resistance(IR),especially prevalent in type 2 diabetes,is believed to play a significant role in AD's *** insulin signalling becomes dysfunctional,it can negatively affect various brain functions,making individuals more susceptible to AD's defining features,such as the buildup of beta-amyloid plaques and tau protein *** research suggests that addressing insulin-related issues might help reduce or even reverse the brain changes linked to *** review aims to explore the relationship between DM and AD,with a focus on the role of *** also explores the molecular mechanisms by which IR might lead to brain changes and assesses current treatments that target *** IR's role in the connection between DM and AD offers new possibilities for treatments and highlights the importance of continued research in this interdisciplinary field.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Insulin resistance Obesity Dementia Diabetes Metabolic syndrome

Classified VPN Network Traffic Flow Using Time Related to Artificial Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 819-841页

作者： Saad abdalla Agaili mohamed Sefer Kurnaz Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Altinbas UniversityIstanbul34000Turkey

VPNs are vital for safeguarding communication routes in the continually changing cybersecurity ***,increasing network attack complexity and variety require increasingly advanced algorithms to recognize and categorizeVPNnetwork *** present a novelVPNnetwork traffic flowclassificationmethod utilizing Artificial Neural Networks(ANN).This paper aims to provide a reliable system that can identify a virtual private network(VPN)traffic fromintrusion attempts,data exfiltration,and denial-of-service *** compile a broad dataset of labeled VPN traffic flows from various apps and usage ***,we create an ANN architecture that can handle encrypted communication and distinguish benign from dangerous *** effectively process and categorize encrypted packets,the neural network model has input,hidden,and output *** use advanced feature extraction approaches to improve the ANN’s classification accuracy by leveraging network traffic’s statistical and behavioral *** also use cutting-edge optimizationmethods to optimize network characteristics and *** suggested ANN-based categorization method is extensively tested and *** show the model effectively classifies VPN traffic *** also show that our ANN-based technique outperforms other approaches in precision,recall,and F1-score with 98.79%*** study improves VPN security and protects against new *** VPNtraffic flows effectively helps enterprises protect sensitive data,maintain network integrity,and respond quickly to security *** study advances network security and lays the groundwork for ANN-based cybersecurity solutions.

关键词： VPN network traffic flow ANN classification intrusion detection data exfiltration encrypted traffic feature extraction network security

Advancing diabetes management: Exploring pancreatic beta-cell restoration’s potential and challenges

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第40期30卷 4339-4353页

作者： Mona mohamed Ibrahim abdalla Department of Human Biology School of MedicineInternational Medical UniversityBukit Jalil 57000Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Diabetes mellitus,characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency or resistance,poses a significant global health *** to its pathogenesis is the dysfunction or loss of pancreatic beta cells,which are res-ponsible for insulin *** advances in beta-cell regeneration research offer promising strategies for diabetes treatment,aiming to restore endogenous insulin production and achieve glycemic *** review explores the physiological basis of beta-cell function,recent scientific advan-cements,and the challenges in translating these findings into clinical *** highlights key developments in stem cell therapy,gene editing technologies,and the identification of novel regenerative *** the potential,the field faces hurdles such as ensuring the safety and long-term efficacy of regen-erative therapies,ethical concerns around stem cell use,and the complexity of beta-cell differentiation and *** review highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration,increased funding,the need for patient-centered approaches and the integration of new treatments into comprehensive care strategies to overcome these *** continued research and collab-oration,beta-cell regeneration holds the potential to revolutionize diabetes care,turning a chronic condition into a manageable or even curable disease.

关键词： Diabetes therapies Beta cell regeneration Regenerative medicine Stem cell therapy Gene editing Molecular therapeutics

Ballistic design and testing of a composite armour reinforced by CNTs suitable for armoured vehicles

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 173-195页

作者： Evangelos Ch.Tsirogiannis Evangelos Daskalakis mohamed H.Hassan abdalla M.Omar Paulo Bartolo EODH SA Research and Development DepartmentLakkoma Chalkidikis63080Greece School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University639798Singapore

This paper is investigating the use of composite armour reinforced by nanomaterials, for the protection of light armoured(LAV) and medium armoured military vehicles(MAV), and the interaction between the composite materials and high-performance ballistic projectiles. Four armour materials, consisted of front hybrid fibre reinforced polymer cover layer, ceramic strike-face, fibre reinforced polymer intermediate layer and the metal matrix composite reinforced backplate, were manufactured and assembled by adhesive technology. The proposed laminated protection system is suitable for armoured ground vehicles;however, it could be used as armour on ground, air and naval platforms. The design of the protection system, including material selection and thickness, was elaborated depending on the performance requirements of Level 4 + STANAG 4569 military standard(projectile 14.5 mm × 114 mm API B32) and especially on a design philosophy which is analysed with the specifications. The backplate of this new composite is a hybrid material of Metal Matrix Composite(MMC) reinforced with carbon nanotubes(CNTs), manufactured with the use of powder metallurgy technique. The composite backplate material was morphologically, mechanically and chemically analysed. Results show that all plates are presenting high mechanical properties and ballistic characteristics, compared to commonly used armour plates. Real military ballistic tests according to AEP-STANAG 4569 were carried out for the total composite armour systems. After the ballistic tests, AA2024-CNT3 showed the best protection results, compared with the other plates(AA2024-CNT1 and AA2024-CNT2), with the projectile being unable to fully penetrate the composite plate.

关键词： Passive armour protection Protective armour Ballistic performance Hybrid composites Vehicle protection

Intensified river salinization alters nitrogen-cycling microbial communities in arid and semi-arid regions of China

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Eco-Environment & Health 2024年第3期3卷 271-280页

作者： Qingqing Pang Dan Wang Zewei Jiang mohamed abdalla Lei Xie Xiang Zhu Fuquan Peng Pete Smith Longmian Wang Lingzhan Miao Jun Hou Peng Yu Fei He Bin Xu Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing 210042China College of Environment Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Agricultural Science and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Institute of Biological&Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen23 St Machar Dr.Aberdeen AB243UUUK School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Shandong Academy of Environmental Sciences Co. LtdJinan 250100China

Freshwater salinization is receiving increasing global attention due to its profound influence on nitrogen cycling in aquatic ecosystems and the accessibility of water ***,a comprehensive understanding of the changes in river salinization and the impacts of salinity on nitrogen cycling in arid and semi-arid regions of China is currently lacking.A meta-analysis was first conducted based on previous investigations and found an intensification in river salinization that altered hydrochemical *** further analyze the impact of salinity on nitrogen metabolism processes,we evaluated rivers with long-term salinity gradients based on in situ *** genes and enzymes that were inhibited generally by salinity,especially those involved in nitrogen fixation and nitrification,showed low abundances in three salinity *** abundance of genes and enzymes with denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium functions still maintained a high proportion,especially for denitrification genes/enzymes that were enriched under medium *** bacteria exhibited various relationships with salinity,while dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium bacterium(such as Hydrogenophaga and Curvibacter carrying nirB)were more inhibited by salinity,indicating that diverse denitrifying bacteria could be used to regulate nitrogen *** genera exhibited symbiotic and mutual relationships,and the highest proportion of significant positive correlations of abundant genera was found under medium *** study emphasizes the role of river salinity on environment characteristics and nitrogen transformation rules,and our results are useful for improving the availability of river water resources in arid and semi-arid regions.

关键词： Arid and semi-arid regions Nitrogen cycle Nitrogen transforming functional bacteria River Salinity gradient

The Role of Electrocardiogram DETERMINE Score in Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease Severity

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第9期14卷 567-580页

作者： Ismail N. El-Sokkary Essam Ahmed Khalil Mohammed Wael Badawi Ibrahim K. Gamil Shousha abdalla A. Elsebaey mohamed Kamal Rehan Mahmoud Ibrahim Elshamy Yasser Ahmed Sadek Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Cardiology Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Beni-Sueif University Beni Suef Egypt Department of Radiology Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Cardiology Helwan University Cairo Egypt

Background: A major cause of mortality and disability on a global scale is myocardial infarction (MI). These days, the most reliable way to detect and measure MI is via cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Electrocardiogram DETERMINE Score in predicting the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients who have experienced an Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) & to assess improvements in left ventricular function at 6 months following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Subjects and Methods: This Observational cohort study was done at the Cardiology and Radiology department and cardiac surgery department, Al-Azhar university hospitals and Helwan University hospital. The study involved 700 cases who patients diagnosed with Acute Myocardial Infarction and fulfilled specific criteria for selection. Result: There was highly statistically significant relation between Myocardial infarction size and ECG Marker Score as mean infarct size elevated When the number of ECG markers increased. There was a highly statistically significant relation between myocardial infarct segments, myocardial infarction size and improvement of cardiac function 6 months post-CABG. Conclusion: The study found that larger myocardial infarctions corresponded with higher DETERMINE Scores. It concluded that an ECG-based score better estimates infarct size than LVEF alone. Additionally, there was a significant statistical correlation between the size and segmentation of myocardial infarction and better cardiac function six months after CABG.

关键词： Electrocardiogram DETERMINE Score Coronary Artery Disease Outcome Acute Myocardial Infarction Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Effect of Diabetes Self-Management Education on Glycaemic Control in Sudanese Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 316-327页

作者： Sahar Moawia Balla Elnour Tayseer Abdelmotalib Ahmed Taha Haiam abdalla Wadatalla Ziryab Zainelabdin mohamed Elmahdi Marwah Isam Abdulmajeed Mohammedahmed Rowa Abdelmonem Sidig Hamadto Nahla Yousif Osman Mohammed Saeed Omnia Mubarak Saad abdallah Sulafa Abdelbagi Mustafa Ahmed Hanady Abdelhameed Ahmed mohamed Sarah Khalil Fathi Khalil Family Medicine Health Gates Primary Care Riyadh SAU Family Medicine Dhaman Health Assurance Hospitals Company Kuwait KWT Family Medicine First Health Cluster Riyadh SAU Emergency Department Sheikh Khalifa Medical City Abudahbi ARE Family Medicine University of Medical Sciences and Technology Khartoum SDN Family Medicine Sudan Medical Specialization Board-Sudan Khartoum SDN Family Medicine Ultra Care Home Care Company Riyadh SAU Medicine Department Health Gates Primary Care Riyadh SAU Family Medicine Mouwasat Hospital Madinah SAU

Research Background: The high prevalence of diabetes in Sudan, estimated at 16%, highlights the importance of effective health education in diabetes management. Diabetes self-management education has been identified as a crucial tool in enhancing the knowledge, attitudes, and abilities necessary for self-management among individuals with diabetes. Aim: To assess the impact of diabetes self-management education on medication adherence and glycemic control in Sudanese adults with type 2 diabetes before and 3 months after the DSME intervention. Method: The study was conducted in Sudan between September 2022 and March 2023, it was an interventional, one-group, pre- and post-test study that aimed to assess the impact of diabetes self-management education (DSME) on medication adherence and diabetes control in Sudanese adults with type 2 diabetes. The research was conducted in primary health care centers in six cities in Sudan and involved 244 participants. The data entry and statistical analysis were conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27.0. A paired t test was used for analysis. Results: The study included 244 participants, 67% of whom were males. The age mean ± SD was 48.6 ± 9.3 years, and 85.3% of participants were married. Age at onset of diabetes mean ± SD was 40.60 ± 7.81 years;44.6% had diabetes for less than 5 years;and 84.1% had a positive family history of diabetes mellitus. The levels of poor, low, and partial adherence to medication decreased by 8.2%, 4%, and 20.6%, respectively, after the intervention. The levels of good and high medication regime adherence increased by 13% and 19.8%, respectively;BMI decreased by 1.1 ± 0.73 kg/m2 (p = 0.005). The fasting blood sugar decreased by 69 ± 32.9 mg/dl (p = 0.049), and the glycated hemoglobin decreased by 1.21 ± 0.28% (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study reinforce the importance of patient education in improving glycemic control and enhancing self-management

关键词： Sudan Adherence Intervention Education Self-Management Diabetes

Predictors of renal angioembolization outcome:A retrospective analysis with 148 patients at a tertiary urology institute

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Asian Journal of Urology 2022年第2期9卷 103-108页

作者： Hashim mohamed Farg mohamed mohamed Elawdy Karim ali Soliman mohamed ali Badawy ali Elsorougy abdalla Abdelhamid Tarek Mohsen Tarek El-Diasty Department of Radiology Urology and Nephrology CentreMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt Department of Urology Urology and Nephrology CentreMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictor of unsuccessful outcome of renal angioembolization(RAE).Knowing those predictors may help in avoiding unnecessary RAE procedures and their associated side effects,while helping to prepare for an alternate procedure and improving patient's overall ***:A retrospective analysis between January 2006 and December 2018 was performed,and the indications for RAE were classified into post-traumatic,iatrogenic,renal tumors,and *** who underwent RAE prior to nephrectomy were *** tomography angiography was performed in patients with normal renal function and those who had no contrast allergy,otherwise magnetic resonance angiography was *** the purpose of statistical analysis,we stratified patients into two main categories based on the final outcome—successful or ***:Of 180 patients,32 with negative angiography were eliminated,leaving 148 patients;136(91%)had successful outcomes after one or more trials and 12 had unsuccessful *** mean age was 45±15 years,and 105(71%)were *** gender,side of the lesion,presence of hematuria,indication for RAE,nor the type of lesion affected the *** the other hand,renal anatomy with presence of accessory artery was the only predictor to failed RAE(p=0.001).Failed RAE trial was a predictor for nephrectomy as a secondary procedure(p=0.03).Conclusion:No pre-procedural predictors could anticipate the RAE outcome,and different indications can be scheduled to RAE,which is equally *** presence of accessory renal artery on diagnostic angiography is the only factor that may predict the failure of the procedure.

关键词： Angioembolization Renal angioembolization Embolization Renal trauma Outcome