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Vaginal Carriage of Group B Streptococcus in Pregnant Women in Rural Areas in Senegal

Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023年第3期13卷 207-219页

作者： Babacar Ndiaye Fatoumata Diene Sarr Mam Coumba Diouf Rokhaya Diop Hamidou Thiam mohamed abass yugo Rose Mbaye Amadou Alpha Sall Cheikh Loucoubar Abdoulaye Seck Medical Biology Laboratory Pasteur Institute of Dakar Dakar Senegal Epidemiology Clinical Research and Data Science Unit Pasteur Institute of Dakar Dakar Senegal Virology Unit Pasteur Institute of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Vaginal carriage of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a maternal and child health issue. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of GBS carriage;identify the factors associated with this carriage and determine the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated strains. We conducted a cross-sectional and prospective study in rural Senegal (in the health district of Sokone). Socio-demographic, clinical and gynaeco-obstetrical data were collected. Vaginal swabs were taken by the midwives on specific settings in order to test for GBS and other High Risk Vaginal Bacteria (HRVB). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done according to the recommendations of the CA SFM/EUCAST 2020. In total, 100 pregnant women were targeted and 97 pregnant women were included. Their age ranged from 18 to 40 years with 64.9% (63/97) of participants belonging to the “20 - 30” age group. The overall prevalence of Group B Streptococcus carriage was 15.5% (15/97). However, the proportion of women with at least one high risk infectious bacteria was 29.89% (29/97). No statistically significant differences were found between GBS carriage and the potential factors studied. However, the study also looked for the presence of other high-risk bacteria and coinfections were indeed found between GBS and E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic susceptibility testing shows that GBS strains were fully susceptible to penicillin G, erythromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, rifampicin and vancomycin. Sensitivities to norfloxacin and gentamycin were 73.3% and 86.7% respectively. In contrast, high resistance to tetracycline (86.7%) was observed. GBS carriage remains a major public health issue because of its consequences for the mother and the newborn. Correct screening and proper monitoring of strain susceptibility remain one of the most effective means of patient management and care.

关键词： Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) Vaginal Carriage Antibiotic Susceptibility Senegal

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Social Engineering Threat and Defense: A Literature Survey

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Journal of Information Security 2018年第4期9卷 257-264页

作者： Islam Abdalla mohamed abass Department of Computer Science Al Jouf University Al-Jawf KSA The Holy Qur’an and Islamic University Khartoum Sudan

This article surveys the literature on social engineering. There are lots of security application and hardware in market;still there are several methods that can be used to breach the information security defenses of an organization or individual. Social engineering attacks are interested in gaining information that may be used to carry out actions such as identity theft, stealing password or gaining information for another type of attack. The threat lies with the combinations of social engineering with another type of attacks like Phishing and Watering hole attack which make it hard to defense against. This research aims to investigate the impact of modern Social Engineering on the organization or individual. It describes the categories of Social Engineering, and how the attacker takes advantage of human behavior. At the same time, I also discuss the direct and indirect attack of social engineering and the defense mechanism against this attack.

关键词： Social Engineering Security Phishing Watering Hole Spyware

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General exact solution of the fin problem with variable thermal conductivity

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Propulsion and Power Research 2016年第1期5卷 63-69页

作者： abass H.Abdel Kader mohamed S.Abdel Latif Hamed M.Nour Engineering Mathematics and Physics Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt

In this paper,Lie point symmetry method is used to obtain the general exact solution of the second order nonlinear ordinary differential equation which goveming heat transfer in rectangular fin with variable thermal *** new forms of thermal conductivity are introduced and the associated exact solution is obtained in each *** general relation among the fin efficiency,thermal conductivity and thermo-geometric parameter is obtained.

关键词： Exact solution Fin Thermal conductivity Heat transfer Lie point symmetry

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Building Trust in the Infrastructure for Electronic Commerce between the Consumer-to-Consumer in Developing Countries

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Computer Technology and Application 2011年第4期2卷 319-323页

作者： Sharfi Mustafa abass mohamed Sayed Farag Othman Bin Ibrahim Computer Science Dept. Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia＆ Majmaah University Johor ＆ Magmmah Malaysia＆ KSA Computer Science Dept. Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Computer Science Dept. Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia University Johor Malaysia

In this paper, the authors proposed a model, to build trust in the infrastructure between the Consumer-to-Consumer （C2C） and some proposals, to increase the trust in building the infrastructure for electronic commerce between consumers C2C through a comparison of previous studies, which have been applied in many countries like America, China, France, Korea, and Philippines. In their work the authors focused on the relation between consumers C2C which is more successful than the Business-to-Consumer （B2C）, Business-to-Business （B2B）, and is more systems suitable for developing countries and have been applied in China.

关键词： Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce building trust infrastructure.

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Intraventricular Hemorrhage, a Rare Complication of a Cerebral Tuberculoma: Study of a Case in the Neurology Department of the University Hospital of Conakry

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2023年第1期12卷 1-8页

作者： Doumbouya Idrissa Touré mohamed Lamine Barry Djénabou Négué Diawara Karinka Traoré mohamed Cissé Fodé abass Department of Neurology University Hospital of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) is an extremely rare and poorly described complication of central nervous system Tuberculosis (CNS-TB). In this study, we report the case of a 42-year-old man who presented with a weakness of the left hemibody with diffuse headache, altered consciousness associated with fever. No notion of contagion was noted. Brain computed tomography (CT) showed a hematoma in the occipital horns of the lateral ventricles with peri-lesional oedema of the right hemisphere;after injection of contrast product (CP), there were ring-shaped contrasts in the occipital horn of the lateral ventricle and the right thalamus. Angioscan showed no aneurysms or vascular anomalies. Chest X-ray showed micronodular opacities less than 1.5 cm in size in relation to miliary. Xpert MTB/RIF of sputum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT). The patient’s course was favourable under antihypertensive and antitubercular treatment. Conclusion: This case illustrates the diagnostic difficulties of CNS-TB due to the polymorphism of the clinical and radiological presentation of CNS-TB.

关键词： Intraventricular Haemorrhage Tuberculosis Tuberculoma

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hepatitis B among the Population at Algamosi Locality, Gezira State, Sudan

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Health 2022年第12期14卷 1191-1198页

作者： Youssouf Amine Goni mohamed Abdelsalam Adoum Doutoum Ali Barka Mahamat Djamalladine Mahamat Doungous Abdelsafi abass Gabbad Rania mohamed Osmab Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences National Institute of Sciences and Techniques of Abéché Abéché Chad Department of Epidemiology Faculty of Public and Environmental Health University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Department of Food and Quality Control Faculty of Public and Environmental Health University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan

Background: The local population in developing countries is at higher risk of contracting hepatitis B (HBV) due to some of the factors they practice which promote its establishment and distribution within their communities and may constitute a burden for them. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with the hepatitis B virus in populations of the Algamosi region, Gezira State, central Sudan. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 492 people, populations of the Algamosi region, Gezira state in central Sudan. A questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic factors, transmission, and prevention of hepatitis B infections. As well, blood samples were taken from each participant, and serum was used for rapid tests for HBsAg. Positive samples were then tested by the ELISA method for confirmation. Data were obtained using SPSS version 21 and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of hepatitis B was 16.10% and was higher in men than in women (05.7 - 1.00). People aged 31 to 45 had the highest prevalence of 27 (20,600%) for HBV infection. There was a significant association between HBV and age groups (X2 = 7.816 and P value = 0.05). This study also found that there was a significant association between viral hepatitis and knowledge about transmission and prevention (P value Conclusion: Although most people who live in developing countries are at high risk for transmission of hepatitis B, this indicates the need to implement the screening policy and integrate it with other health services and create awareness such as proper treatment and surveillance for hepatitis infection in all nations.

关键词： Socio-Demographic Transmission Prevention HBV Population Gezira State Central Sudan

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Factors Influencing Hepatitis C Viral Infections in the Population of Algamosi Locality, Gezira State, Central Sudan

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第9期10卷 332-339页

Hepatitis C (HCV) remains a global health challenge and is transmitted via contact with contaminated blood and body fluids. This study aimed To find the factors influencing hepatitis c viral infections and to identify its prevalence among populations of the Algamosi area, Gezira state central Sudan. This cross-sectional community-based study was conducted. A total of 492 participants were randomly selected from among 4 villages and were interviewed to find out the factors that lead to transmission of infection and tested for markers of hepatitis C infection. ELISA confirmed all the positive card tests. The results showed that the individuals within the age groups > 45 and 31 - 45 years are more affected by HCV the percentage was 3.37% and 0.6% respectively, while the age groups of 15 - 30 and p 2 = 14.588 and p value = 0.001) The study concluded that the prevalence of hepatitis C viruses was only detected in three areas. This study explored many possible causes associated with viral hepatitis, tattooing is the common cause of hepatitis C virus. Based on the finding the study recommends, the crucial intervention program to screen most of the Algamosi population who have been not screened for HCV, proper treatment for HCV, and the health education program is strongly recommended to create awareness among the general population.

关键词： Hepatitis C Tattooing The Population at Algamosi Locality

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Spatial Risk Analysis of Water Borne Diseases (Bovine Leptospirosis) in the Rive Nile State-Sudan

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2014年第1期6卷 1-10页

作者： Rania Salah Eldien Bashir abass Mutafa Yousif mohamed Abd Alla Ali Mohammed El-Hassan El-Eragi Field Operation Division General Directorate of Animal Health and Epizootic Diseases Control Ministry of Animal Resources and fisheries Khartoum Sudan

Geographical Information Science (GIS) technologies have been used increasingly for ecology and epidemiology of water-borne diseases, providing approach for animal health issues. This study was set up to investigate the geographical distribution of Bovine that was affected by Leptospira hardijo, in River Nile state, on October 2012. Locations of targeted cattle were delimited using GPS. Fifty three (53) of blood samples were collected, and screened in the laboratory for Leptospira hardijo specific antibodies using indirect ELISA. 15.09% had evidence of infection as determined by the presence of anti-leptospira antibodies. It was inferred that no incidences were recorded in 45 locations out of the 53 selected locations in the state. Leptospirosis risk area for transmission was mapped using 5 km buffer distance. Animals’ movements routes were mapped with their contacts area and positive samples locations, hafair locations where animals contacts were mapped. This study demonstrated the value of GIS and GPS in disease mapping for animals’ health, and this might help veterinary authorities to implement strategic interventions for animal disease control.

关键词： GIS Water Borne Diseases Risk Analysis

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Urinary Sphincter Disorders of Neurological Origin: Prognostic Aspects in the Neurology Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital

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Open Journal of Urology 2023年第3期13卷 92-99页

作者： mohamed Asmaou Bangoura mohamed Lamine Touré mohamed Traoré Aliou Talibé Diallo Mamadou Oury Mané Alhassane Fadiga Gouled Houssein Moussa Karinka Diawara Ibrahima Siré Diallo Cissé Fodé abass Neurology Department CHU of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Complications of Urinary sphincter disorders of neurological origin can be life threatening. The objective of this study was to describe the prognosis of urinary sphincter disorders during neurological conditions. Methods: This was a six-month analytical study conducted at the neurological unit of the Hôpital national Ignace Deen. Including patients with urinary sphincter disorders following a neurological condition;Chi-square, Fischer, and Student’s t-tests were used for variables with a p value less than 0.10 and then included in a logistic model with a significance level set at 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. Results: We collected 1081 patients among whom, 324 presented, that is to say a frequency of 30%, which concerned subjects aged 57.3 ± 16.4 years with a slight female predominance 50.3%. Urinary incontinence (80.6%) was associated with complications such as urinary tract infection with a high proportion of cerebral damage (92.3%). HIV infection (P = 0.015), bedsores (P = 0.049), and inhalation pneumonia (P = 0.001) were the main poor prognostic factors. Conclusion: Urinary sphincter disorders are elements of poor prognosis, both vital and functional, concerning elderly subjects with a predominance of urinary incontinence. HIV infection, bedsores, pneumopathy are poor prognostic factors.

关键词： Urinary Sphincter Disorders Incontinence Retention Neurology

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Eyelid Wounds: Epidemiological, Clinical and Etiological Aspects

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第1期14卷 55-62页

作者： Aly Mbara Ka Jean Pierre Diagne Aissatou Aw El Hadji Malick Sy Soda Mbaye Hawo Madina Diallo Audrey Samra Aboubacry Sadikh Sow Joseph Matar Mass Ndiaye Ousmane Ndiaga Senghor Lamine Ndiaye mohamed Ndiaye Serigne Sohibou Gaye Papa Amadou Ndiaye Ophthalmology Department of abass Ndao Hospital Dakar Senegal Ophthalmology Department of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal

Purpose: The aim is to show epidemiological, clinical and etiological characteristics of palpebral wounds. Methodology: This was a retrospective study focusing on patients with an eyelid wound, over a 10-year period from 2012 to 2021. We collected and analyzed the data using Excel. Results: The frequency of eyelid wounds was 0.1%. The average age of our patients was 19.38 years with a range of 1 and 62 years. The sex ratio was 3.7. Eighty-one percent of patients lived in Dakar. Fifty-seven percent (57%) of patients consulted less than 24 hours after the trauma and 7% of patients on D1. The circumstances were brawls (11%), domestic accidents (9%), road accidents (6%), and work accidents (6%). We noted 1 case of dog bite. Thirteen patients presented with post-traumatic decreased visual acuity. Involvement of the isolated upper eyelid was noted in 40% of cases and both eyelids in 15% of cases. Involvement of the lacrimal ducts was noted in 17% of cases, and that of the free edge in 21% of cases. Eyelid wounds were associated with eyeball damage in 21% of cases. Various associated lesions were observed. Ninety-one percent of patients received surgical treatment. Three cases of superinfections, 1 case of conjunctival granuloma and 1 case of phthysis of the eyeball with postoperative retinal detachment were noted. Conclusion: Eyelid sores are relatively common in our context. They require rapid surgical treatment in order to preserve the functional and aesthetic prognosis. .

关键词： Eyelid Wounds Epidemiology Clinic Etiologies

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