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Classified VPN Network Traffic Flow Using Time Related to Artificial Neural Network

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 819-841页

作者： Saad Abdalla Agaili mohamed Sefer Kurnaz Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Altinbas UniversityIstanbul34000Turkey

VPNs are vital for safeguarding communication routes in the continually changing cybersecurity ***,increasing network attack complexity and variety require increasingly advanced algorithms to recognize and categorizeVPNnetwork *** present a novelVPNnetwork traffic flowclassificationmethod utilizing Artificial Neural Networks(ANN).This paper aims to provide a reliable system that can identify a virtual private network(VPN)traffic fromintrusion attempts,data exfiltration,and denial-of-service *** compile a broad dataset of labeled VPN traffic flows from various apps and usage ***,we create an ANN architecture that can handle encrypted communication and distinguish benign from dangerous *** effectively process and categorize encrypted packets,the neural network model has input,hidden,and output *** use advanced feature extraction approaches to improve the ANN’s classification accuracy by leveraging network traffic’s statistical and behavioral *** also use cutting-edge optimizationmethods to optimize network characteristics and *** suggested ANN-based categorization method is extensively tested and *** show the model effectively classifies VPN traffic *** also show that our ANN-based technique outperforms other approaches in precision,recall,and F1-score with 98.79%*** study improves VPN security and protects against new *** VPNtraffic flows effectively helps enterprises protect sensitive data,maintain network integrity,and respond quickly to security *** study advances network security and lays the groundwork for ANN-based cybersecurity solutions.

关键词： VPN network traffic flow ANN classification intrusion detection data exfiltration encrypted traffic feature extraction network security

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A Practical Study of Intelligent Image-Based Mobile Robot for Tracking Colored Objects

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2181-2197页

作者： Mofadal Alymani mohamed Esmail Karar Hazem Ibrahim Shehata College of Computing and Information Technology Shaqra UniversityShaqra11961Saudi Arabia Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Faculty of Engineering Zagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt

Object tracking is one of the major tasks for mobile robots in many real-world ***,artificial intelligence and automatic control techniques play an important role in enhancing the performance of mobile robot *** contrast to previous simulation studies,this paper presents a new intelligent mobile robot for accomplishing multi-tasks by tracking red-green-blue(RGB)colored objects in a real experimental ***,a practical smart controller is developed based on adaptive fuzzy logic and custom proportional-integral-derivative(PID)schemes to achieve accurate tracking results,considering robot command delay and tolerance *** design of developed controllers implies some motion rules to mimic the knowledge of experienced *** scenarios of three colored object combinations have been successfully tested and evaluated by using the developed controlled image-based robot *** PID control failed to handle some tracking scenarios in this *** proposed adaptive fuzzy PID control achieved the best accurate results with the minimum average final error of 13.8 cm to reach the colored targets,while our designed custom PID control is efficient in saving both average time and traveling distance of 6.6 s and 14.3 cm,*** promising results demonstrate the feasibility of applying our developed image-based robotic system in a colored object-tracking environment to reduce human workloads.

关键词： Mobile robot autonomous systems fuzzy logic control real-time image processing

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Frequency of Rotavirus among under 5 Children Admitted to Wad Madani Pediatric Teaching Hospital with Diarrhea, Gezira State, Sudan (2021-2022)

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第3期14卷 206-214页

作者： Rehab Ibrahim ali Babekir Adil Mergani Babiker Bakri Yosif mohamed Nour Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan National Cancer Institute University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan

Rotavirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis and responsible for 20% of death in children under 5 years of age approximately 111 million episodes of gastroenteritis due to Rotavirus in under 5 children, which result in 25 million visits to clinic, 2 million hospitalization and 352,000 - 592,000 deaths. Children in the poorest countries account 82% of rotaviruses death. Diarrhea disease are major cause of death and disease among children under five years, a child on average suffers 2 to 3 attacks of diarrhea every year. Stools samples were collected from 196 children suffering from diarrhea and were tested for rotaviruses by immune chromatography test antigen (ICT-Ag), ELISA and RT PCR The data were analyzed using statistical package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results showed that prevalence of rotavirus was 26/196 (13.3%) by ICT Ag and ELISA and confirmed by RT-PC R. 87.8% of the children were vaccinated by Rota vaccine, 70% of their mothers not using soap for cleaning the children and thought diarrhea not infectious disease and believed it was caused by teething. In conclusion there was a decrease in prevalence of diarrhea by Rotavirus due to insertion of Rota vaccine in routine vaccination, rotavirus infection mostly occurs in poor family that not able to provide safe water and due to poor sanitation and low education of mother beside that some children suffered from malnutrition, so it recommended to incorporate ELISA as a diagnostic tool in routine diagnosis of rotavirus among children suffered from gastroenteritis.

关键词： Diarrhea Rotavirus Under 5 Laboratory Diagnosis Sudan

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Erdafitinib and checkpoint inhibitors for first-line and second-line immunotherapy of hepatic,gastrointestinal,and urinary bladder carcinomas:Recent concept

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第4期16卷 490-493页

作者： mohamed Wishahi Department of Urology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteCairo 12411Egypt

Cancer immunotherapy is administered for first-line,second-line,neoadjuvant,or adjuvant treatment of advanced,metastatic,and recurrent cancer in the liver,gastrointestinal tract,and genitourinary tract,and other solid *** is a fibroblast growth factor receptor(FGFR)inhibitor,and it is an adenosine triphosphate competitive inhibitor of FGFR1,FGFR2,FGFR3,and *** checkpoint inhibitors are monoclonal antibodies that block programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)and its ligand that exert intrinsic antitumor *** promising results of first-line treatment of advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma with PD-1 blockades with single or combined agents,indicate a new concept in the treatment of advanced,metastatic,and recurrent hepatic and gastrointestinal *** immunotherapy as first-line treatment will improve overall survival and provide better quality of *** is arising as to whether to apply the cancer immunotherapy as first-line treatment in invasive carcinomas,or as second-line treatment in recurrent or metastatic carcinoma following the standard *** literature in the field is not definite,and so far,there has been no consensus on the best approach in this *** present,as it is described in this editorial,the decision is applied on a case-by-case basis.

关键词： Programmed cell death protein-ligand 1 Erdafitinib Liver cancer Fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitors Checkpoint inhibitors Bladder cancer Metastases

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Combined CNN-LSTM Deep Learning Algorithms for Recognizing Human Physical Activities in Large and Distributed Manners:A Recommendation System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 351-372页

作者： Ameni Ellouze Nesrine Kadri Alaa Alaerjan mohamed Ksantini Control and Energy Management Laboratory National Engineering SchoolPreparatory Institute for Engineering StudiesUniversity of SfaxSfax3029Tunisia Higher Institute of Computer Science and Communication Technologies University of SousseSousseBN19RHTunisia College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf UniversityPO Box 2014SakakahSaudi Arabia

Recognizing human activity(HAR)from data in a smartphone sensor plays an important role in the field of health to prevent chronic *** and weekly physical activities are recorded on the smartphone and tell the user whether he is moving well or ***,smartphones and their associated sensing devices operate in distributed and unstable ***,collecting their data and extracting useful information is a significant *** this context,the aimof this paper is twofold:The first is to analyze human behavior based on the recognition of physical *** the results of physical activity detection and classification,the second part aims to develop a health recommendation system to notify smartphone users about their healthy physical behavior related to their physical *** system is based on the calculation of calories burned by each user during physical *** this way,conclusions can be drawn about a person’s physical behavior by estimating the number of calories burned after evaluating data collected daily or even weekly following a series of physical *** identify and classify human behavior our methodology is based on artificial intelligence models specifically deep learning techniques like Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),stacked LSTM,and bidirectional *** human activity data contains both spatial and temporal information,we proposed,in this paper,to use of an architecture allowing the extraction of the two types of information *** Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)has an architecture designed for spatial information,our idea is to combine CNN with LSTM to increase classification accuracy by taking into consideration the extraction of both spatial and temporal *** results obtained achieved an accuracy of 96%.On the other side,the data learned by these algorithms is prone to error and *** overcome this constraint and improve performance(96%),we proposed to use the

关键词： Human physical activities smartphone sensors deep learning distributed monitoring recommendation system uncertainty healthy calories

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Exploring impedance spectrum for lithium-ion batteries diagnosis and prognosis:A comprehensive review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 464-483,I0010页

作者： Xinghao Du Jinhao Meng Yassine Amirat Fei Gao mohamed Benbouzid University of Brest UMR CNRS 6027 IRDL29238 BrestFrance School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina ISEN Yncréa Ouest L@bISEN29200 BrestFrance Universitéde Technolgie de Belfort-Montbéliard UMR CNRS 6174 FEMTO-ST90000 BelfortFrance

Lithium-ion batteries have extensive usage in various energy storage needs,owing to their notable benefits of high energy density and long *** monitoring of battery states and failure identification are indispensable for guaranteeing the secure and optimal functionality of the *** impedance spectrum has garnered growing interest due to its ability to provide a valuable understanding of material characteristics and electrochemical *** inspire further progress in the investigation and application of the battery impedance spectrum,this paper provides a comprehensive review of the determination and utilization of the impedance *** sources of impedance inaccuracies are systematically analyzed in terms of frequency response *** applicability of utilizing diverse impedance features for the diagnosis and prognosis of batteries is further ***,challenges and prospects for future research are discussed.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Impedance spectrum Temperature monitoring Failure diagnosis Health prognosis

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Correlation between Wnt Signalling Inhibitors (Dickkopf-1 & Sclerostin) and the Intimal Medial Thickness in Children on Maintenance Hemodialysis

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期14卷 397-412页

作者： Manal Abd El-Salam mohamed Hamdi ali Nadia Youssef Riad Rasha Abd El Samad Fawaz Shima mohamed Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine (for Girls) Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Tbilisi State Medical University Tbilisi Georgia Department of Clinical Pathology National Heart Institute Cairo Egypt Department of Radiology Faculty of Medicine (for Girls) Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt

Background: Wnt signalling inhibitors (Dickkopf-1 and Sclerostin) signalling play a role in vascular development and may contribute to calcification. Aim: To investigate the association between Dickkopf-1 and sclerostin serum concentrations in children undergoing maintenance hemodialysis with intimal medial thickness and peak systolic velocity of the main arteries. Patients and Methods: A study was conducted on 40 children undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and controls of the same age and sex. The study measured the initial medial thickness (IMT) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the main vessels (carotid, ulnar, and femoral). Dickkopf-1 and sclerostin serum levels in both groups were assessed, and a routine investigation was performed. Results: The findings indicate that the levels of serum Dickkopf-1 and Sclerostin were significantly higher in the hemodialysis group 2540.65 (2215.4 - 2909.2 pg/ml) and 1.17 (0.85 - 2.03 ng/ml)respectively (P = 0.001), compared to their control group it was 1110.45 (885.45 - 1527.65 pg/ml) and 0.28 (0.25 - 0.32 ng/ml)) respectively P = 0.001. Additionally, there was a significant increase in intima-media thickness (IMT) with a decrease in peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the main blood vessels, including the carotid, ulnar, and femoral arteries. A significant correlation was also observed between Dickkopf-1 and sclerostin levels and IMT of the carotid, ulnar, and femoral arteries. Conclusion: Wnt signalling inhibitors (Dickkopf-1 and Sclerostin) exert effects beyond the bone and significantly contribute to early vascular calcification in pediatric patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

关键词： Wnt Signalling Vascular Calcification Hemodialysis Children

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A reinforcement learning approach for thermostat setpoint preference learning

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Building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 131-146页

作者： Hussein Elehwany mohamed Ouf Burak Gunay Nunzio Cotrufo Jean-Simon Venne Department of Environmental Engineering Carleton UniversityOttawaCanada Departmentof Building Civiland Environmental EngineeringConcordia UniversityMontrealCanada BrainBox Al Inc. MontrealCanada

Occupant-centric controls(OcC)is an indoor climate control approach whereby occupant feedback is used in the sequence of operation of building energy *** OcC has been used in a wide range of building applications,an OcC category that has received considerable research interest is learning occupants'thermal preferences through their thermostat interactions and adapting temperature setpoints *** recent studies used reinforcement learning(RL)as an agent for OcC to optimize energy use and occupant *** studies depended on predicted mean vote(PMV)models or constant comfort ranges to represent comfort,while only few of them used thermostat *** paper addresses this gap by introducing a new off-policy reinforcement learning(RL)algorithm that imitates the occupant behaviour by utilizing unsolicited occupant thermostat *** algorithm is tested with a number of synthetically generated occupant behaviour models implemented via the Python APl of *** simulation results indicate that the RL algorithm could rapidly learn preferences for all tested occupant behaviour scenarios with minimal exploration *** substantial energy savings were observed with most occupant scenarios,the impact on the energy savings varied depending on occupants'preferences and thermostat use behaviour stochasticity.

关键词： reinforcement learning preference learning occupant-centric controls smart thermostats off-policy learning

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Development and validation of a novel questionnaire regarding vision screening among preschool teachers in Malaysia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第6期17卷 1102-1109页

作者： Shazrina Ariffin Saadah mohamed Akhir Sumithira Narayanasamy Faculty of Health Sciences Centre for Community Health Studies(ReaCH)Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 50300Malaysia

AIM:To develop and evaluate the validity and reliability of a knowledge,attitude,and practice questionnaire related to vision screening(KAP-VST)among preschool teachers in ***:The questionnaire was developed through a literature review and discussions with *** and face validation were conducted by a panel of experts(n=10)and preschool teachers(n=10),respectively.A pilot study was conducted for construct validation(n=161)and test-retest reliability(n=60)of the newly developed ***:Based on the content and face validation,71 items were generated,and 68 items were selected after exploratory factor *** content validity index for items(I-CVI)score ranged from 0.8-1.0,and the content validity index for scale(S-CVI)/Ave was *** consistency was KR^(2)0=0.93 for knowledge,Cronbach’s alpha=0.758 for attitude,and Cronbach’s alpha=0.856 for ***:The KAP-VST is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing knowledge,attitude,and practice in relation to vision screening among preschool teachers in Malaysia.

关键词： validity reliability preschool teachers vision screening questionnaire

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Contemporary construction in historical sites:The missing factors

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第3期13卷 487-504页

作者： Sina Ka.ali Tabrizi mohamed Gamal Abdelmonem School of Architecture Design and the Built EnvironmentNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK Department of Architecture and the Built Environment University of YorkYorkUK

Historical sites(HSs)are akin to living entities,and their existence is perpetuated through the erection of new buildings or *** HSs need sustainable development and new construction,as existing monuments fail to meet contemporary user *** the urgent demand,many new buildings within HSs have been constructed without considering the influencing factors on contextual value,built,and natural *** oversight has led to irreversible damage to their historical *** studies have independently explored interventions,construction,and development within ***,there is a conspicuous absence of comprehensive research that concurrently addresses these issues while preserving the intrinsic value of the *** study aims to identify the variables and factors contributing to the successful design and construction of new buildings within HSs,satisfying user needs,conserving contextual values,and achieving sustainability with the natural and built *** research employs a mixed-method approach,gathering raw data through literature reviews,case studies,and expert *** study population comprised 97 experts in architectural heritage conservation and sustainable *** factor analysis was utilized for data analysis,leading to the identification of influential *** study highlights the significance of the location,function,scale,form,material,skyline,viewpoint,accessibility,reversibility,topography,sustainability,technology,structural system,lifespan,and interior design in constructing new buildings within a ***,the design of new additions should adhere to five guiding principles:integrated design,volume design,green design,compatible design,and modern *** this context,the new structures will fulfill user needs,preserve or enhance contextual values,and harmonize with the built and natural environment.

关键词： New building Contemporary construction Historical sites Sustainable development Architectural heritage

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