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Practical guide:Glucagon-like peptide-1 and dual glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 331-347页

作者： Saleh Fahad Alqifari omar Alkomi Abdullah Esmail Khadijeh Alkhawami Shahd Yousri mohamad Ayham Muqresh Nawwarah Alharbi Abdullah A Khojah Ahmed Aljabri Abdulrahman Allahham Kousalya Prabahar Hanan Alshareef Mohammed Aldhaeefi Tariq Alrasheed Ali Alrabiah Laila A AlBishi Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical Sciences Sulaiman Alrajhi University-College of MedicineAl Bukayriyah 52726Saudi Arabia Department of Family Medicine Dr.Soliman Fakeeh Hospital DSFHJeddah 21461Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty of PharmacyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 22252Saudi Arabia Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Sciences College of PharmacyHoward UniversityWashingtonDC 20059United States Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacy Practice Raabe College of PharmacyOhio Northern UniversityOhioOH 45810United States Department of Pediatric Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia

Practical guide:Glucagon-like peptide-1 and dual glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in diabetes mellitus common second-line choice after metformin for treating *** considerations can make selecting and switching between different GLP-1 RAs *** study aims to provide a comprehensive guide for the usage of GLP-1 RAs and dual GIP and GLP-1 RAs for the management of T2DM.

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Diabetes mellitus Metabolic syndrome Dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Clinical practice Endocrinology

Neutronic study on the effect of first wall material thickness on tritium production and material damage in a fusion reactor

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第4期33卷 33-50页

作者： HacıMehmet S¸ahin Güven Tunc¸ Alper Karakoc¸ Melood mohamad omar Department of Energy Systems Engineering Technology FacultyKarabuk UniversityKarabukTurkey Department of Energy Systems Engineering Technology FacultyGazi UniversityAnkaraTurkey Department of Energy Systems Engineering Institute of Graduate ProgramsKarabuk UniversityKarabukTurkey

In this study,the effects of changing first wall materials and their thicknesses on a reactor were investigated to determine the displacement per atom(DPA)and gas production(helium and hydrogen)in the first wall,as well as the tritium breeding ratio(TBR)in the coolant and tritium breeding ***,the modeling of the magnetic fusion reactor was determined based on the blanket parameters of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER).Stainless steel(SS 316 LNIG),Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steel alloy(PM2000 ODS),and China low-activation martensitic steel(CLAM)were used as the first wall(FW)*** family molten salt materials(FLiBe,FLiNaBe,FLiPb)and lithium oxide(LiO_(2))were considered the coolant and tritium production material in the blanket,*** transport calculations were performed using the wellknown 3D code MCNP5 using the continuous-energy Monte Carlo *** built-in continuous energy nuclear and atomic data libraries along with the Evaluated Nuclear Data file(ENDF)system(ENDF/B-V and ENDF/B-VI)were ***,the activity cross-section data library CLAW-IV was used to evaluate both the DPA values and gas production of the first wall(FW)*** interface computer program written in the FORTRAN 90 language to evaluate the MCNP5 outputs was developed for the fusion reactor *** results indicated that the best TBR value was obtained for the use of the FLiPb coolant,whereas depending on the thickness,the first wall replacement period in terms of radiation damage to all materials was between 6 and 11 years.

关键词： ITER First wall material Material damage Tritium breeding ratio Fluorides family molten salt materials

Effect of intermetallic compounds on the fracture behavior of dissimilar friction stir welding joints of Mg and Al alloys

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第10期26卷 1285-1298页

作者： Amir Hossein Baghdadi Zainuddin Sajuri Nor Fazilah mohamad Selamat Mohd Zaidi omar Yukio Miyashita Amir Hossein Kokabi Centre for Materials Engineering and Smart Manufacturing Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangor 43600Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering Nagaoka University of TechnologyNagaoka940-2188Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehran 11365-11155Iran

Joining Mg to Al is challenging because of the deterioration of mechanical properties caused by the formation of intermetallic compounds(IMCs) at the Mg/Al interface. This study aims to improve the mechanical properties of welded samples by preventing the fracture location at the Mg/Al interface. Friction stir welding was performed to join Mg to Al at different rotational and travel speeds. The microstructure of the welded samples showed the IMCs layers containing Al12Mg17(γ) and Al3Mg2(β) at the welding zone with a thickness(< 3.5 μm). Mechanical properties were mainly affected by the thickness of the IMCs, which was governed by welding parameters. The highest tensile strength was obtained at 600 r/min and 40 mm/min with a welding efficiency of 80%. The specimens could fracture along the boundary at the thermo-mechanically affected zone in the Mg side of the welded joint.

关键词： aluminum alloy magnesium alloy intermetallic compounds dissimilar welded joint friction stir welding

Prevalence and genetic divergence of Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira borgpetersenii in house rats(Rattus rattus) from Peninsular Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第10期12卷 463-471页

作者： Nurul Huda mohamad Ikbal Subha Bhassu Khanom Simarani Shigehiko Uni Chew Chin Chan Hasmahzaiti omar Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Objective:To evaluate the prevalence and divergence of genetically identified Leptospira *** the population of Rattus ***:A total of 130 rats were used in this *** infection within the rats were screened using polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based diagnosis,with Leptospira genusspecific 16 S r RNA primer and pathogenic Leptospira *** Lip L32 primer,on both kidney and liver tissues of Rattus rattus to detect the presence of potential Leptospira ***:Out of 130 rats studied,51(39.23%)individuals were positive for leptospiral *** Local Alignment Search Tool(BLAST)and phylogenetic analysis revealed that both pathogenic Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira borgpetersenii were predominantly ***,both genes disclosed similar clustering patterns of tree topologies between the two *** both genes were conserved,Lip L32 gene portrayed higher nucleotide divergence(5.80%)compared to the 16 S r RNA gene(0.60%).Minimum-spanning network displayed several haplotypes that are unique to each species,suggesting a higher degree of subdivision between both *** for prevalence surveillance,both adult and subadult rats were susceptible to the infection,in which males were the most *** was notable as the favourable organ for colonisation of *** captured from fresh markets were highly infected with Leptospira spp.(54.28%)compared to those from housing areas(26.47%).Conclusions:Rattus rattus represents an important asymptomatic transmitter of pathogenic leptospires,and hence is of public health concerns.

关键词： Pathogenic leptospires Public health PCR Molecular diagnostic Zoonotic

Synergistic renoprotective effect of a compiled branched-chain amino acids and Cymbopogon schoenanthus extract against experimentally induced oxido-nitrosative renal insult

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第5期11卷 342-349页

作者： omar Abdel-Hamed Ahmed-Farid Bosy Azmy Abd El-Motelp Enaam Abdel-Mohsen Essa mohamad Warda Physiology Department National Organization for Drug Control and Research Zoology Department-Faculty of Women for Arts Science and EducationAin Shams University Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cairo University

Objective: To better investigate the protective role of branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs)and Cymbopogon schoenanthus(CS) extract against the potassium dichromate(PDC)-induced oxido-nitrosative nephrotoxic insult in the experimental rat model. Methods: Thirty male rats were randomly divided into five equal groups: The 1 st group served as control; the 2^(nd)was injected with a single dose of PDC(15 mg/kg b.w i.p.);the 3^(rd), 4^(th), and 5^(th) groups were respectively treated with BCAAs, CS, and their combination for 15 d prior to induction of renal insult via PDC single dose(15 mg/kg b.w s.c.). The experimental period was terminated in all groups 2 d after induction of renal insult. The harvested kdney samples were divided for biochemical assays and histological examination. Results: The PDC-induced nephrotoxic effect caused a depletion of renal oxidative scavengers glutathione, superoxide dismutase with consequent lipo-oxidative cellular membrane deterioration manifested by a rise in malonaldehyde, oxidized glutathione, myeloperoxidase and the concomitant increase in inflammatory response elements tumor necrosis factor α, nitric oxide, and interleukin 1 β.Moreover, the comet assay and increased 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine proved an accelerated apoptotic DNA fragmentation. These local renal changes were met with global altered blood biochemistry. The BCAAs and CS or their compiled administration showed an ameliorative effect against PDC-induced nephrotoxic in a synergistic pattern. Conclusions: Both BCAAs and CS or their combined administration afford potential competitors against renal insult induced by polyvalent anion pollutants in experimentally studied animals model. As a route for novel drug discovery, further investigation should be attempted to optimize their augmenting reno-protecting potential.

关键词： Branched chain amino acids Cymbopogon schoenanthus Nephrotoxicity Comet assay Rats

The practicality of Malaysia dengue outbreak forecasting model as an early warning system

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 510-525页

作者： Suzilah Ismail Robert Fildes Rohani Ahmad Wan Najdah Wan mohamad Ali Topek omar School of Quantitative Sciences Universiti Utara Malaysia UUM SintokKedahMalaysia Centre for Marketing Analytics and Forecasting Lancaster UniversityUnited Kingdom Medical Entomology Unit Institute for Medical ResearchNational Institute of HealthMinistry of Health MalaysiaMalaysia Vector Borne Disease Sector Disease Control DivisionMinistry of Health MalaysiaMalaysia

Dengue is a harmful tropical disease that causes death to many ***,the dengue vaccine development is still at an early stage,and only intervention methods exist after dengue cases ***,previously,two scientific experimental field studies were conducted in producing a dengue outbreak forecasting model as an early warning ***,an Autoregressive Distributed Lag(ADL)Model was developed using three factors:the epidemiological,entomological,and environmental with an accuracy of 85%;but a higher percentage is required in minimizing the error for the model to be ***,this study aimed to develop a practical and cost-effective dengue outbreak forecasting model with at least 90%accuracy to be embedded in an early warning computer system using the Internet of Things(IoT)***-one weeks of time series data of the three factors were used in six forecasting models,which were Autoregressive Distributed Lag(ADL),Hierarchical Forecasting(Bottom-up and Optimal combination)and three Machine Learning methods:(Artificial Neural Network(ANN),Support Vector Machine(SVM)and Random Forest).Five error measures were used to evaluate the consistency performance of the models in order to ensure model *** findings indicated Random Forest outperformed the other models with an accuracy of 95%when including all three *** practically,collecting mosquito related data(the entomological factor)was very costly and time ***,it was removed from the model,and the accuracy dropped to 92%but still high enough to be of practical use,i.e.,beyond 90%.However,the practical ground operationalization of the early warning system also requires several rain gauges to be located at the dengue hot spots due to localized ***,further analysis was conducted in determining the location of the rain *** has led to the recommendation that the rain gauges should be located about 3e4 km apart at the dengue hot spots to ensure

关键词： dengue rainfall Machine learning Early warning system IoT

Nurse trainees' perception of effective clinical instructor characteristics

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2020年第3期7卷 285-290页

作者： mohamad omar Hababeh Diana Selvamony Lalithabai Nursing Education Administration King Fahad Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Objectives:Clinical education and experience in the clinical environment play an important role in shaping the clinical *** clinical teaching improves the clinical practice of the nursing trainees which in turn improves the quality of patient *** mandates for the clinical instructor with desired qualities,to have a positive influence in clinical *** study examined nurse trainees'perceptions of clinical instructor ***:The current study was conducted in a multi-cultural tertiary setting using a cross-sectional descriptive *** convenience sampling,302 trainees were chosen as participants for the study,and there were 296 *** data were collected from the participants using the Nursing Clinical Teacher Effectiveness Inventory(NCTEI)***:The findings of the study revealed that the clinical instructors have scored high in personality(scoring percentage=84.0%)and relatively low in teaching ability(scoring percentage=81.3%).Also,the overall perception was almost the same among all the trainees though there was a slight variation in their rating of each ***:Nursing trainees indicated the instructors as having good personality and relatively low teaching *** mandates the clinical instructors in the clinical environment to empower themselves in this area of *** helps the teaching institutions to consider all the domains of effective clinical instructor characteristics while recruitment and also organize programs giving emphasis on building and developing these characteristics to create effective instructors.

关键词： Educational personnel Interpersonal relations Nursing education Nursing faculty Surveys and questionnaires

Restructuring nephrology services to combat COVID-19 pandemic:Report from a Middle Eastern country

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World Journal of Nephrology 2020年第2期9卷 9-17页

作者： Muhammad Asim mohamad Alkadi Abdullah Hamad Muftah Othman Essa Abuhelaiqa omar Fituri IhabEl-Madhoun Hassan Al-Malki Nephrology Division Department of MedicineHamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar

Coronavirus disease 2019 has spread across the world and has been classified as a *** has overwhelmed the healthcare ***,it has overstretched the intensive care units and renal replacement therapy services in many *** this paper,we discuss the reconfiguration of nephrology services in the State of Qatar during the current *** highlight the key strategies that have been implemented to ensure that renal replacement therapy capacity is not constrained in either the intensive care or ambulatory *** innovative approaches for the safe delivery of ambulatory care to dialysis and kidney transplant patients are also discussed.

关键词： Coronavirus COVID-19 Nephrology Pandemic Renal replacement therapy Infection control

Physiological and druggable skipping of immunoglobulin variable exons in plasma cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第10期16卷 810-819页

作者： mohamad omar Ashi Nivine Srour Jean-Marie Lambert Anne Marchalot Ophelie Martin Sandrine Le Noir Eric Pinaud Maria Victoria Ayala Christophe Sirac Jerome Sauliere Jerome Moreaux Michel Cogne Laurent Delpy Unite Mixte de Recherche Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7276 INSERM U1262-Controle de la Reponse Immune B et LymphoproliferationsUniversitede LimogesLimogesFrance Institute of Human Genetics CNRS-UM UMR9002Department of Biological HaematologyCHU MontpellierUniversity of MontpellierUFR MedecineMontpellierFrance Institut Universitaire de France Universitede LimogesLimogesFrance Present address:Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research McGill University3755 Cote Ste-Catherine RoadMontrealQC H3T 1E2Canada

The error-prone V(D)J recombination process generates considerable amounts of nonproductive immunoglobulin(Ig)*** recently demonstrated that aberrant Ig chains lacking variable(V)domains can be produced after nonsense-associated altered splicing(NAS)***,the expression of these truncated Ig polypeptides heightens endoplasmic reticulum stress and shortens plasma cell(PC)*** questions remain regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying this new truncated Ig exclusion(TIE-)checkpoint and its restriction to the ultimate stage of B-cell *** address these issues,we evaluated the extent of NAS of Ig pre-mRNAs using an Ig heavy chain(IgH)knock-in model that allows for uncoupling of V exon skipping from TIE-induced *** found high levels of V exon skipping in PCs compared with B cells,and this skipping was correlated with a biallelic boost in IgH transcription during PC *** analysis further revealed that the skipped V exon turned into a ***,we showed that hypertranscription of Ig genes facilitated V exon skipping upon passive administration of splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides(ASOs).Thus,V exon skipping is coupled to transcription and increases as PC differentiation proceeds,likely explaining the late occurrence of the TIE-checkpoint and opening new avenues for ASO-mediated strategies in PC disorders.

关键词： Immunoglobulin Exon skipping Plasma cells Antisense Oligonucleotides Nonsense-associated altered splicing