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Effects of Effluent from a Dumpsite on the Physicochemical Properties of River Achichum in Bamendakwe, Northwest Cameroon

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第9期15卷 934-947页

作者： mofor nelson alakeh Keuwo Tiayong Francois Nchofua Festus Biosengazeh Mikwa Cyprian Chunkang Njoyim Estella Buleng Tamungang Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture National Higher Polytechnic Institute (NAHPI) The University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon Department of Chemistry Higher Teacher Training College The University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon Research Unit of Noxious Chemistry and Environmental Engineering (RUNOCHEE) Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Clean Water Institute Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of STEM Calvin University Grand Rapids Michigan USA

This study was aimed to assess the effects of effluent from a dumpsite on the physicochemical properties of river Achichum in Bamendakwe in the Bamenda I municipality, Northwest Region of Cameroon. The quality of water used for domestic purposes by the population of this area is mostly appreciated through its organoleptic assessment while no attention is paid to the physicochemical and microbiological properties. Samples (upstream, effluent, and downstream) were collected in the months of September 2022 and February 2023 and examined for organoleptic, physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics using standard methods. The river was contaminated to different extents by nitrates (28.56 - 149.91 mg/L), sulphates (246.89 - 725.42 mg/L) and heavy metals (0.01 - 0.04 mg/L for lead and 0.98 - 2.15 mg/L for aluminum). This contamination could be due to an inflow of the untreated effluent into the river. The river contained a high pollution level of lead and aluminum. Bacteriological investigations revealed that all the analyzed samples from the river contained indicators of faecal pollution such as Enterobacteria spp., E. coli, Streptococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Vibrio spp. Consequently, its utilization exposes consumers to health risks. Thus, water from the river should be treated prior to consumption.

关键词： Effluent Upstream Downstream Water Quality Faecal Contamination Bamendakwe

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Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Some Market Garden Crops in Santa, North West Cameroon

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2022年第5期13卷 331-343页

作者： Taku Sylvie Nteping mofor nelson alakeh Njoyim Estella Buleng Tamungang Tita Margaret Awah Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science The University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture National Higher Polytechnic Institute (NAHPI) The University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon Department of Biological Science Faculty of Science The University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon

The increased use of pesticides in crop production, especially in Santa, has left consumers with great fear and uncertainty regarding the fate of residues after consumption in the human body. This study was aimed at performing a multi-residue analysis of crop samples to detect and quantify pesticide residues present, and thus determine their level of contamination. Twelve (12) crop samples (4 samples each of Solanum tuberosum (Irish potato), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), Capsicum annum (sweet pepper) and Apium graveolens (celery)), were randomly collected from four villages in Santa. The samples were analyzed using the QuEChERS Buffered AOAC 2007.01 method. The results showed the presence of pesticide residues in 58.3% of the samples. Cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos insecticides were detected, though cypermethrin was found in traces. After quantification, the concentration of chlorpyrifos was determined to be far above the CODEX Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) in 28.6% of the samples. Samples with this high concentration of chlorpyrifos were: tomato from Pinyin and Baligham (2.0 and 1.8 μg/g respectively), whereas the Codex MRLs for tomato is 1.0 μg/g. This study raised concerns on the contamination of some garden crops by pesticide residues and calls for the assessment of the health situation of consumers and the analysis of pesticide residues in drinking water resources in this area.

关键词： Pesticide Residue Market Garden Crops Contamination Santa

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Assessment of Ground Water Quality in Baba I Village, North-West Cameroon

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第4期8卷 87-104页

作者： Nchofua Festus Biosengazeh nelson alakeh mofor Njoyim Estella Buleng Tamungang Antoine David Mvondo-Ze Research Unit of Noxious Chemistry and Environmental Engineering (RUNOCHEE) Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Mining and Mineral Engineering National Higher Polytechnic Institute (NAHPI) The University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon Department of Chemistry Higher Teacher Training College The University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon Research Unit of Soil Analysis and Environmental Chemistry (RUSAEC) Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FAAS) University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

This study investigated the quality of ground water in Baba I, North-West Cameroon, in order to determine its suitability for domestic uses following World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines. Inhabitants of this locality consume water from these sources without any prior treatment which can lead to health problems if the water sources are contaminated. Six water sources were sampled in November 2017, January, April and July 2018 and examined for organoleptic, physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters using standard methods. Results of organoleptic and physical parameters showed that most of the sources were within the WHO acceptable limits with pH varying from moderately acidic to weakly basic. Chemical properties revealed that all the analysed ions were found within the WHO guidelines and the water sources ranged from soft (hardness +, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NO3-? and NH4+??(p Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Streptococcus, Salmonella and Shigella spp, were identified in all the sampled waters, suggesting recent contamination of the sources by human or animal faeces. The sources were unfit for domestic uses and thus, exposed the local population to water borne diseases such as typhoid, diarrhoea and dysentery. Hence, home treatment methods such as chlorination, filtration, boiling and solar disinfection should be implemented prior to consumption.

关键词： Ground Water Water Sources Physico-Chemical Properties Faecal Coliforms Water Borne Diseases

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