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Source, Contamination Assessment and Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metals in the Stream Sediments of Rivers around Olode Area SW, Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2023年第1期5卷 65-84页

作者： Stellamaris Isioma Okonkwo Sunday Ojochogwu Idakwo mofolorunsho samuel kolawole Olufemi Faloye Anthony Azubuike Elueze Department of Geology Federal University of TechnologyOwerriOwerriImo State460114Nigeria Department of Geology and Mining Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida UniversityLapaiNiger State740005Nigeria Department of Geology Federal UniversityOye-EkitiEkiti State360001Nigeria Department of Geology University of IbadanIbadan200005Nigeria

In order to investigate the source,contamination,and risk of heavy metals such as Pb,Zn,Cu,Ni,Co,Fe,Mn,and Cr,twelve(12)stream sediments and ten(10)rock samples were collected from pegmatite mining sites at Olode and its environs inside Ibadan,Southwestern *** average values and order of abundance obtained followed the pattern:Mn(595.09)>Ba(80)>Cr(50.82)>V(45.09)>Zn(29.73)>Cu(13.82)>Co(13.82)>Sr(10.46)>Ni(9.73)>Pb(9.09)>Fe(1.59).These were greater than the background values,indicating that mining has a negative impact on the study area,as indicated by the high coefficient of variation and correlation values(>0.6)for Copper-Lead(0.929),Copper-Vanadium(0.970),Copper-Chromium(0.815),Lead-Vanadium(0.884),and *** the basis of the enrichment factor(EF),the Olode sediments show extremely high enrichment for Mn and Ba in the research *** and Ni are most likely to blame for the elevated contamination levels,according to CF *** degree of contamination(CD),pollution load index(PLI),pollution index(PI),and modified pollution index(MPI)all revealed high levels of contamination in all stream sediment samples,whereas Igeo shows that the Olode stream sediments are“practically uncontaminated to extremely contaminated by Ni,Co,and Mn”.Ni and Cu are the major regulating factors that are most likely causing the possible *** a result,these findings give important information for conducting appropriate ecological management research.

关键词： Olode Heavy metals Stream sediments Risk assessment Contamination indices

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Determination of Timer Error and Evaluation of Its Effect on Dose for OB6, GammaBeam X200 and X-Ray Irradiators at the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory in Nigeria

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2024年第2期14卷 118-130页

作者： Olumide Olaife Akerele samuel mofolorunsho Oyeyemi David Olakanmi Olaniyi Francis Adole Agada Bamidele Musbau Adeniran Latifat Ronke Owoade National Institute of Radiation Protection and Research University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Timer error as well as its convention is very important for dose accuracy during irradiation. This paper determines the timer error of irradiators at Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory (SSDL) in Nigeria. The irradiators are Cs-137 OB6 irradiator and X-ray irradiators at the Protection level SSDL;and Co-60 irradiator at the Therapy Level SSDL. PTW UNIDOS electrometer and LS01 Ionization chamber were used at the Protection Level to obtain doses for both Cs-137 OB6 and X-ray irradiators while an IBA farmer type ionization chamber and an IBA DOSE 1 electrometer were used at the Protection Level SSDL. Single/multiple exposure method and graphical method were used in the determination of the timer error for the three irradiators. The timer error obtained for Cs-137 OB6 irradiator was 0.48 ± 0.01 s, the timer error for the X-ray irradiator was 0.09 ± 0.01 s while the timer error obtained for GammaBeam X200 was 1.21 ± 0.04 s. It was observed that the timer error is not affected by source to detector distance. It was also observed that the timer error of Co-60 Gamma X200 irradiator is increasing with the age of the machine. Source to detector distance and field size do not contribute towards the timer error of the irradiators. The timer error of the Co-60 Gamma X200 irradiator (the only irradiator among the irradiators with a pneumatic system) increases with the age of the irradiator.

关键词： Timer Error Irradiation SSDL Irradiators Dose Accuracy

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Determination of Timer Error and Evaluation of Its Effect on Dose for OB6, GammaBeam X200 and X-Ray Irradiators at the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory in Nigeria

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology（核科学与技术国际期刊） 2024年第2期 118页

作者： Olumide Olaife Akerele samuel mofolorunsho Oyeyemi David Olakanmi Olaniyi Francis Adole Agada Bamidele Musbau Adeniran Latifat Ronke Owoade

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