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Partitioning between primary and secondary metabolism of carbon allocated to roots in four maize genotypes under water deficit and its effects on productivity

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The Crop Journal 2015年第5期3卷 379-386页

作者： Alyne Oliveira Lavinsky Paulo Cesar Magalhaes Roniel geraldo avila Mariana Melo Diniz Thiago Correa de Souza Embrapa Milho e Sorgo Sete LagoasMGCEP:35701-970Brazil Universidade Federal de Lavras LavrasMGCEP 37200-000Brazil Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del Rey Sete LagoasMGCEP 35701-970Brazil Universidade Federal de Alfenas AlfenasMGCEP 37130-000Brazil

Plants may respond to drought by altering biomass allocation to shoots and roots or by changing the metabolic activities in these organs. To determine how drought changes the partitioning of carbon allocated to growth and secondary metabolism in maize roots and how it affects photosynthesis(A) and productivity in maize, we evaluated leaf gas exchange, yield componentes, root morphology, and primary and secondary metabolites including total soluble sugars(TSS), starch(S), phenolics(PHE), and lignin(LIG). Data were collected from pot-grown plants of four maize genotypes: BRS 1010 and 2B710(sensitive genotypes) and DKB390 and BRS1055(tolerant genotypes) under two soil water tensions: field capacity(FC,-18 kP a) and water deficit(WD,-138 kP a). WD was applied at the pre-flowering stage for 12 days and then the water supply was restored and maintained at optimum levels until the end of the cycle. For genotype BRS 1055 under FC, the greatest A did not result in greater grain biomass(DGB) because the accumulated photoassimilates had already filled the cells, and thus the excessive TSS synthesized in leaves was allocated to roots in large amounts. However, the sharp decrease in A caused by WD imposition in this genotype did not affect the influx pressure of leaf TSS, which was due largely to conversion of primary metabolites to PHE compounds to increase the length of fine roots. In leaves of DKB390 under WD, both S and TSS were reduced, whereas PHE were increased to prevent excessive water loss and xylem cavitation. Under WD, both BRS1010 and2B710 genotypes displayed reduced allocation of biomass to shoots and roots and LIG content in leaves, as well as lower A and DGB values. In BRS1010 this response was coupled to S decrease in leaves and TSS increase in roots, whereas in 2B710 there was a concomitant S increase in roots.

关键词： Starch Sugars Lignin Phenols WinRHIZO

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Silymarin Attenuates Hepatic and Pancreatic Redox Imbalance Independent of Glycemic Regulation in the Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rat Model

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期33卷 690-700页

作者： Miranda Laise Mara Oliveira Agostini Livia da Cunha Lima Wanderson geraldo de Camini Fernanda Caetano Costa Daniela Caldeira Programa de Pos-graduagao em Saude e Nutricao Escola de NutricaoUniversidade Federal de Ouro PretoOuro PretoMinas Gerais 35400-000Brazil Escola de Farmacia Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Ouro PretoMinas Gerais 35400-000Brazil Laboratorio de Morfopatologia Departamento de Ciencias BioldgicasUniversidade Federal de Ouro PretoOuro Preto 35400-000Brazil Programa de Pos-graduaqao em Ciencias Bioldgicas Nucleo de Pesquisas em Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Ouro Preto 35400-000Brazil Laboratorio de Bioquimica Metabolica Departamento de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal de Ouro PretoOuro Preto 35400-000Brazil

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of silymarin(SMN) in modulating metabolic parameters and redox status in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1 DM).Methods Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan. The diabetic rats were administered with SMN at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight/d for 30 consecutive days. The rats were divided into the following four groups: vehicle control, diabetic(alloxan-treated), DS50(alloxan +50 mg/kg body weight/d of SMN), and DS100(alloxan + 100 mg/kg body weight/d of SMN) groups. The bodyweight and food and water intake were evaluated. After 30 d, the animals were euthanized and the blood was collected for measuring the serum levels of glucose, triacylglycerol(TAG), urea, and creatinine. The liver and pancreas were collected for measuring the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT), and the levels of carbonylated protein(PC). The pancreas sample was also used for histological *** SMN reduced hepatic(P < 0.001) and pancreatic(P < 0.001) protein damage and creatinine levels(P = 0.0141) in addition to decreasing food(P < 0.001) and water intake(P < 0.001). However,treatment with SMN did not improve beta-cell function or decrease blood glucose levels in diabetic *** SMN improved polyphagia and polydipsia, renal function, and protected the liver and pancreas against protein damage without affecting hyperglycemia in diabetic animals.

关键词： Silymarin Silybum marianum Type 1 diabetes Oxidative stress

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Schistosomiasis in immigrants,refugees and travellers in an Italian referral centre for tropical diseases

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 531-540页

作者： Valentina Marchese Anna Beltrame Andrea Angheben geraldo Badona Monteiro Giovanni Giorli Francesca Perandin Dora Buonfrate Zeno Bisoffi Centre for Tropical Diseases Sacro Cuore Don Calabria HospitalVia Sempreboni 537024 NegrarItaly University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases&WHO Collaborating Centre for TB/HIV and TB elimination University of BresciaPiazzale Spedali Civili 125123 BresciaItaly

Background:Schistosomiasis is one of the most important neglected tropical *** unrecognised and untreated,the chronic infection can lead to irreversible ***:Retrospective observational study aimed at describing clinical history,laboratory findings and imaging presentation of imported schistosomiasis diagnosed at the Centre for Tropical Diseases,Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital of Negrar,Verona,Italy from 2010 to *** aim of our study was to assess differences in demographic characteristics,clinical presentation,laboratory data and ultrasound findings between immigrants/visiting friends and relatives(VFR)from endemic countries(endemic group)and expatriates/travellers(non-endemic group).Results:A total of 272 patients were retrieved:234 in the endemic and 38 in the non-endemic *** of the patients acquired schistosomiasis in Africa(97.4%).Symptoms were reported by 52.9%of the patients;abdominal pain(36%),macroscopic hematuria(11.3%),and genito-urinary symptoms(7.4%)being the most frequently *** IgE and blood eosinophilia were observed in 169(63.8%)and 130(47.8%)patients,*** proportion of positive serology was 250/272(91.9%).The Circulating Cathodic Antigen CCA for Schistosoma mansoni was positive in 14/61 individuals(23%).At microscopy,infected subjects were 103/272(37.9%).The species of Schistosoma found were ***(47.6%),***(46.6%)or both(5.8%).Schistosomiasis was classified as confirmed in 103(37.9%),probable in 165(60.6%)and suspected in 4(1.5%)cases using clinical presentation,laboratory data and ultrasound *** infection was further classified based on organ involvement:intestinal(17.9%),hepatosplenic(5.1%),urogenital(48.9%),and indeterminate(43.8%).The comparative analysis of endemic and non-endemic patients highlighted differences in sex and *** patients had more frequent ova identification(41.9%vs.13.2%,P<0.001)and increased IgE(70%vs.26.3%,P<0.001)when compared wit

关键词： Schistosomiasis Neglected tropical diseases immigrants Refugees Travellers Europe Italy

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Correlation between Late Cord Clamping and Phototherapy and Other Neonatal Unfavorable Outcomes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022年第3期12卷 193-200页

作者： Janete Vettorazzi Gabriela Françoes Rostirolla Maria Alexandrina Zanatta Edimárlei Gonsales Valério Charles Francisco Ferreira Jose geraldo Lopes Ramos Postgraduation Program in Health Sciences: Gynecology and Obstetrics Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine (FAMED) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine (FAMED) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS)

Background: Recently, late umbilical cord clamping is generally recommended, which decreases neonatal anemia;however, it may also increase neonatal jaundice and some other poor outcomes. Objectives: We here attempted to determine whether late clamping actually increases the incidence of phototherapy for jaundice and other poor outcomes of the term “low-risk newborns”. Methods: With the approval of the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC), a total of 357 low-risk newborns (singleton, uncomplicated pregnancy/delivery, in a Brazilian public institution) were randomized into two groups: group I (n = 114): cord clamping 1 minute (early clamping) or group II (n = 243): cord clamping between 1 - 3 minutes (late clamping). Statistics were used appropriately (i.e., measures of central tendency, dispersion for continuous variables, Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney test, or Chi-square test). Results: Phototherapy was performed in 5.3% in both groups. Also, there were no statistical differences in the occurrence of secondary outcomes, such as sepsis, neonatal ICU admission, and transient tachypnea of the newborns: i.e., 0.9%, 15.8%, and 3.5%, respectively for group I versus 1.2%, 15.6%, and 5.8%, respectively for group II. Conclusion: Late umbilical cord clamping does not increase the need for phototherapy in low-risk neonates. This result corroborates the current recommendation of late cord clamping, whenever appropriate.

关键词： Phototherapy Neonatal Anemia Neonatal Jaundice Late Cord Clamping

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Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf extracts from Annona tomentosa ***

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第5期15卷 379-387页

作者： Lilian Uchoa Carneiro Ilna Gomes da Silva Mirian Eliza Alves de Souza Wellington da Silva Cortes Mário geraldo de Carvalho Bruno Guimaraes Marinho Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences Institute of Biological and Health SciencesFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Laboratory of Pharmacology Department of Physiological SciencesInstitute of Biological Sciences and HealthFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Postgraduate Program in Chemistry Department of ChemistryInstitute of Exact SciencesFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil

OBJECTIVE：Annona tomentosa *** is a species not endemic to Brazil that belongs to the phytogeographic areas of the Amazon,Cerrado and *** known as“araticum rasteiro”or“araticum de moita”,*** is edible and tea made from the leaves has been used as an antiinflammatory by native *** is no scientific evidence for these uses of ***,especially those related to the control of pain and *** this reason,in the present study we evaluated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of partitions from the methanolic extract of *** leaves（*** leaf methanolic extract（ATFM）in hexane partition：ATFM-H;ATFM in dichloromethane partition：ATFM-D;ATFM in ethyl acetate partition：ATFM-Ac;ATFM in butanol partition：ATFM-B）in ***：The antinociceptive effects of leaf extracts from *** were evaluated by abdominal writhing and tail-flick tests,while the anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by paw oedema and air-pouch *** locomotor activity was evaluated with the open-field ***,we evaluated the possible action mechanism of ***,using naloxone,nitro-L-arginine methyl ester,glibenclamide,atropine,naltrindole and norbinaltorphimine in tail-flick *** productions of tumor necrosis factorα（TNF-α）and interleukin（IL）-1βwere also ***：The chromatographic fractionation of the partitions of the methanolic extract from the leaves of *** revealed the presence of diterpenes,flavonoids,and steroids *** the analysis of the hexane partition kaurenoic acid was identified as the major ***-H and ATFM-D had a significant antinociceptive effect in acute pain models in *** ATFM-H showed central antinociceptive effect from the involvement of theδopioid receptors,without causing alterations in the locomotor activity of the mice,while ATFM-D was effective in decreasing paw oedema and TNF-α and IL-1β ***：These results demon

关键词： Annona tomentosa cytokines opioid nociception

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Hereditary gastric cancer:Three rules to reduce missed diagnoses

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第13期26卷 1382-1393页

作者： Paula Assumpcao Taíssa Araújo André Khayat geraldo Ishak Sidney Santos Williams Barra Joao Felipe Acioli Benedito Rossi Paulo Assumpcao Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Genética e Biologia Molecular Universidade Federal do ParáBelém 66075-110Brazil Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia Universidade Federal do ParáBelém 66073-000Brazil Hospital Universitário Joao de Barros Barreto Universidade Federal do ParáBelém 66073-000Brazil Centro de Oncologia e Aconselhamento Genético Hospital Sírio LibanêsSao Paulo 01308-050Brazil

Gastric cancer remains one of the most lethal *** incidence and mortality rates are quite *** main reason for the high mortality is diagnosis at advanced stages of disease,when treatment options are *** of the supposed strategies to overcome late-stage diagnosis is identifying people at high risk with the aim of establishing rigorous clinical control,including routine endoscopy and *** gastric cancer(HGC)syndromes,though representing a sizeable group to monitor for prevention or,at least,for early diagnosis,are apparently extremely *** low rate of HGC diagnosis might be related to the low rates of suspicion,insufficient familiarity about clinical diagnosis criteria,and the supposed conditional necessity of a molecular *** this review,we will discuss simple measures to increase HGC diagnosis by applying three rules that might provide an opportunity for precision care to benefit the families affected by this disease.

关键词： Hereditary gastric cancer Rules Diagnosis

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种子库和植被物种之间的差异有助于保持新热带稀树草原的功能多样性

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第4期14卷 605-615页

作者： Evaldo Bde Souza Francielli Bao geraldo A.Damasceno Junior Arnildo Pott Programa de Pos-graduacao em Ecologia e Conservacao Instituto de BiocienciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeBrazil Programa de Pos-graduacao em Biologia Vegetal Instituto de BiocienciasUniversidade Estadual PaulistaRio ClaroSPBrazil Programa de Pos-graduacao em Biologia Vegetal Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeBrazil

本研究的目的是量化种子库和建立的植被对物种组成、功能组成和多样性的贡献,并讨论这些差异对冲积平原植物群落更新和稳定性的影响。我们在巴西潘塔纳尔湿地的一个周期性洪水泛滥的稀树大草原上,在旱季和雨季对分布在5个地点的25个地块... 详细信息

本研究的目的是量化种子库和建立的植被对物种组成、功能组成和多样性的贡献,并讨论这些差异对冲积平原植物群落更新和稳定性的影响。我们在巴西潘塔纳尔湿地的一个周期性洪水泛滥的稀树大草原上,在旱季和雨季对分布在5个地点的25个地块(10 m×1 m)的1.5 m高度的地面覆盖植被和种子库进行了采样。采用出苗法对土壤种子库进行了评价。研究结果表明,种子库物种具有赋予群落更新的特征,而植被则具有稳定性特征。种子库的功能丰富度高于植被,而功能均匀度则低于植被。由于种子库和植被的植物特征不同,使得具有不同功能稳定性和更新特性的物种得以共存,这将有助于维持植物的功能多样性。这可能会让植物种群在应对干旱、火灾和洪水等不同的环境选择时更具有弹性。

关键词：环境选择功能多样性水溶扩散潘塔纳尔湿地稳定性更新

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Evaluation of Weather Research and Forecasting Model Parameterizations under Sea-Breeze Conditions in a North Sea Coastal Environment

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第6期30卷 998-1018页

作者： SALVADOR Nadir REIS Jr. Neyval Costa SANTOS Jane Meri ALBUQUERQUE Taciana Toledo de Almeida LORIATO Ayres geraldo DELBARRE Herve AUGUSTIN Patrick SOKOLOV Anton MOREIRA Davidson Martins Federal University of Espirito Santo Vitoria Espirito Santo Brazil Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil Universite Lille Nord de France Lille France Integrated Center for Manufacturing and Technology Salvador Bahia Brazil

Three atmospheric boundary layer （ABL） schemes and two land surface models that are used in the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model, version 3.4.1, were evaluated with numerical simulations by using data from the north coast of France （Dunkerque）. The ABL schemes YSU （Yonsei University）, ACM2 （Asymmetric Convective Model version 2）, and MYJ （Mellor-Yamada-Janjic） were combined with two land surface models, Noah and RUC （Rapid Update Cycle）, in order to determine the performances under sea-breeze conditions. Particular attention is given in the determination of the thermal internal boundary layer （TIBL）, which is very important in air pollution scenarios. The other physics parameterizations used in the model were consistent for all simulations. The predictions of the sea-breeze dynamics output from the WRF model were compared with observations taken from sonic detection and ranging, light detection and ranging systems and a meteorological surface station to verify that the model had reasonable accuracy in predicting the behavior of local circulations. The temporal comparisons of the vertical and horizontal wind speeds and wind directions predicted by the WRF model showed that all runs detected the passage of the sea-breeze front. However, except for the combination of MYJ and Noah, all runs had a time delay compared with the frontal passage measured by the instruments. The proposed study shows that the synoptic wind attenuated the intensity and penetration of the sea breeze. This provided changes in the vertical mixing in a short period of time and on soil temperature that could not be detected by the WRF model simulations with the computational grid used. Additionally, among the tested schemes, the combination of the local- closure MYJ scheme with the land surface Noah scheme was able to produce the most accurate ABL height compared with observations, and it was also able to capture the TIBL.

关键词： sea-breeze detection WRF model parameterizations

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How does Cariniana estrellensis respond to different irradiance levels?

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第1期30卷 31-44页

作者： Flávia Carolina Santos Portela Bernardo Pretti Becacici Macieira Leonardo Valandro Zanetti Vinícius Novo Gama Diolina Moura Silva Camilla Rozindo Dias Milanez geraldo Rogério Faustini Cuzzuol Department of Biological Sciences Federal University of Espírito Santo

Based on reports that variables related to photosynthesis(net assimilatory ratio and chloroplast pigments)are more plastic than the morphological and biochemical variables in a climax tropical species,Cariniana estrellensis,under contrasting irradiance,we hypothesised that plasticity of gas exchange variables is higher in relation to growth,biochemical and anatomical *** that were 14 months old were subjected to200 up to 2000 lmol m^(-2)s^(-1) of photo synthetically active radiation(PAR)for 140 *** increased up to1400 lmol m^(-2)s^(-1)PAR and then decreased at 2000 lmol m^(-2)s^(-1) PAR(full sunlight).This was related to the rate of photosynthesis(A)which showed the same tendency as photosystem Ⅱ performance index(PI_(ABS)).The greater thickness of the secondary xylem at 1400 lmol m^(-2)s^(-1) PAR indicated a higher water conductance *** decrease in specific leaf area,elongation of mesophyll cells,and increase in stomatal density observed at higher irradiances were associated with higher leaf fructose and sucrose *** concluded that the better growth in partial shade was due to higher photosynthetic *** the other hand,photosynthesis was inhibited equally in full sun and deep *** high adjustment capacity of *** to wide amplitudes of irradiance was provided by greater plasticity of gas exchange variables in relation to growth,anatomical,and biochemical variables.

关键词： Anatomy Ecophysiology Gas exchange Phenotypic plasticity Soluble carbohydrates

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An Approximation Method for a Maximum Likelihood Equation System and Application to the Analysis of Accidents Data

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Open Journal of Statistics 2017年第1期7卷 132-152页

作者： Assi N’Guessan Issa Cherif geraldo Bezza Hafidi Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (UMR CNRS 8524) Université de Lille 1 Villeneuve d’Ascq France Department of Mathematics and Computer science Université Catholique de l’Afrique de l’Ouest-Unité Universitaire du Togo Lomé Togo Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science University Ibn Zohr Agadir Morocco

There exist many iterative methods for computing the maximum likelihood estimator but most of them suffer from one or several drawbacks such as the need to inverse a Hessian matrix and the need to find good initial approximations of the parameters that are unknown in practice. In this paper, we present an estimation method without matrix inversion based on a linear approximation of the likelihood equations in a neighborhood of the constrained maximum likelihood estimator. We obtain closed-form approximations of solutions and standard errors. Then, we propose an iterative algorithm which cycles through the components of the vector parameter and updates one component at a time. The initial solution, which is necessary to start the iterative procedure, is automated. The proposed algorithm is compared to some of the best iterative optimization algorithms available on R and MATLAB software through a simulation study and applied to the statistical analysis of a road safety measure.

关键词： Constrained Maximum Likelihood Partial Linear Approximation Schur’s Complement Iterative Algorithms Road Safety Measure Multinomial Model

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