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Frame Length Dependency for Fundamental Frequency Extraction in Noisy Speech

Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2024年第1期15卷 1-17页

作者： md. Saifur Rahman Any Chowdury Nargis Parvin Arpita Saha Moinur Rahman Department of Information and Communication Technology Comilla University Cumilla Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bangladesh Army International University of Science and Technology (BAIUST) Cumilla Bangladesh Department of Information Technology University of Information Technology and Sciences (UITS) Dhaka Bangladesh

The fundamental frequency plays a significant part in understanding and perceiving the pitch of a sound. The pitch is a fundamental attribute employed in numerous speech-related works. For fundamental frequency extraction, several algorithms have been developed which one to use relies on the signal’s characteristics and the surrounding noise. Thus, the algorithm’s noise resistance becomes more critical than ever for precise fundamental frequency estimation. Nonetheless, numerous state-of-the-art algorithms face struggles in achieving satisfying outcomes when confronted with speech recordings that are noisy with low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values. Also, most of the recent techniques utilize different frame lengths for pitch extraction. From this point of view, This research considers different frame lengths on male and female speech signals for fundamental frequency extraction. Also, analyze the frame length dependency on the speech signal analytically to understand which frame length is more suitable and effective for male and female speech signals specifically. For the validation of our idea, we have utilized the conventional autocorrelation function (ACF), and state-of-the-art method BaNa. This study puts out a potent idea that will work better for speech processing applications in noisy speech. From experimental results, the proposed idea represents which frame length is more appropriate for male and female speech signals in noisy environments.

关键词： Pitch Estimation Fundamental Frequency BaNa ACF Frame Length

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Correlation of Hamstring Tendon Size in Pre-Operative MRI Measurement with Intra-Operative Graft Size in Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 150-158页

作者： Nurhanani Abu Bakar Mohamad Razip Sirat Hairiah Abas Saiful Safuan md Sani Department of Orthopaedic Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah Muar Malaysia Department of Orthopaedic Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah Klang Malaysia Department of Radiology Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah Muar Malaysia Department of Medicine Clinical Research Center Hospital Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Background: The size of Hamstring autograft of less than 8.0 mm in ACL re-construction is one of the key factors that may contribute to the failure of the graft. In this study, we are going to assess the correlation of pre-operative MRI measurement of Hamstring tendons with the intra-operative ACL graft. Thus, it may help surgeons to anticipate the needs for graft augmentation should the final graft size be smaller than expected. Methods: We retrospectively re-viewed 41 cases of ACL reconstructions in which MRI were done pre-operatively, in Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah (HPSF), Muar between January 2019 until December 2022. MRI measurements of Hamstring tendon (semitendinosus: ST, and gracilis) were done by a radiologist, and the in-tra-operative notes were reviewed for the final graft size. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationship between graft size and tendon cross-sectional area. The intraclass correlation (ICC) by using two-way mixed model with type consistency, the reliability based on average measure was 0.41 (95% CI: ?0.10, 0.69). A p-value < 0.05 was considered sig-nificant. Results: Of 105 patients with primary ACL reconstruction done be-tween January 2019 to December 2022, only 41 patients were included in this study. There was fair correlation (p = 0.048) between pre-operative MRI measurement and the graft diameter intra-operatively. The mean of 17.0 mm of combined diameter of ST and gracilis tendon in MRI may results in graft diameter of 8.3 mm. There was also positive correlation between patients’ height and the intra-operative graft size. Conclusion: These results showed good correlation between pre-operative MRI measurement of Hamstring ten-don size with the intra-operative graft size, hence it is a reliable tool to predict the Hamstring autograft size in ACL reconstruction.

关键词： ACL Reconstruction Pre-Operative MRI Hamstring Tendon

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Integrated proteomic profiling identifies amino acids selectively cytotoxic to pancreatic cancer cells

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 138-145页

作者： Alfred Akinlalu Zachariah Flaten Komila Rasuleva md Saimon Mia Aaron Bauer Santhalingam Elamurugan Nega Ejjigu Sudipa Maity Amara Arshad Min Wu Wenjie Xia Jia Fan Ang Guo Sijo Mathew Dali Sun Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Denver2155 E Wesley AvenueDenverCO 80210USA Biomedical Engineering Program North Dakota State University1401 Centennial BoulevardEngineering AdministrationRoom 203FargoND 58102USA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyNorth Dakota State University1001 S.1401 Albrecht Boulevard Sudro HallFargoND 58102USA Materials and Nanotechnology Program North Dakota State University1410 North 14th AvenueCIE 201FargoND 58102USA Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang 325000China Department of Aerospace Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics Tulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AvenueNew OrleansLA 70112USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AvenueNew OrleansLA 70112USA Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging University of Denver2155 E Wesley AvenueDenverCO 80210USA

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is one of the most deadly cancers,characterized by extremely limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis,as it is often diagnosed during late disease *** and selective treatments are urgently needed,since current therapies have limited efficacy and significant side *** proteomics analysis of extracellular vesicles,we discovered an imbalanced distribution of amino acids secreted by PDAC tumor *** findings revealed that PDAC cells preferentially excrete proteins with certain preferential amino acids,including isoleucine and histidine,via extracellular *** amino acids are associated with disease progression and can be targeted to elicit selective toxicity to PDAC tumor *** in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that supplementation with these specific amino acids effectively eradicated PDAC ***,we also identified XRN1 as a potential target for these amino *** high selectivity of this treatment method allows for specific targeting of tumor metabolism with very low toxicity to normal ***,we found this treatment approach is easy-to-administer and with sustained tumor-killing ***,our findings reveal that exocytosed amino acids may serve as therapeutic targets for designing treatments of intractable PDAC and potentially offer alternative treatments for other types of cancers.

关键词： finding identif selectivity

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Rice-wheat comparative genomics:Gains and gaps

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 656-669页

作者： Akila Wijerathna-Yapa Ruchi Bishnoi Buddhini Ranawaka Manu Maya Magar Hafeez Ur Rehman Swati G.Bharad Michal T.Lorenc Vinita Ramtekey Sasha Gohar Charu Lata md.Harun-Or-Rashid Maryam Razzaq Muhammad Sajjad Bhoja *** School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding College of AgricultureUmmedganj-KotaAgriculture UniversityKotaRajasthan 324001India Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy Queensland University of Technology(QUT)2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia Nepal Agriculture Research Council KhumaltarLalitpurNepal Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Agricultural Botany Dr Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi VidyapeethAkola 444104MaharashtraIndia ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science MauUttar Pradesh 275103India School of Natural Sciences Macquarie UniversityMacquarie ParkNSW 2109Australia ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research Flowrdale 54642ShimlaIndia International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)Bangladesh Office Gulshan-2Dhaka 1212Bangladesh Center for Seed Science University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RoadTarlai KalanIslamabad 45550Pakistan CGIAR’s Excellence in Breeding(EiB)Platform/Accelerated Breeding Initiative International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)El Batán 56237Mexico

Rice and wheat provide nearly 40%of human calorie and protein *** share a common ancestor and belong to the Poaceae(grass)*** their genetic homology is crucial for developing new cultivars with enhanced *** wheat genes and gene families have been characterized based on their rice ***–wheat orthology can identify genetic regions that regulate similar traits in both ***–wheat comparative genomics can identify candidate wheat genes in a genomic region identified by association or QTL mapping,deduce their putative functions and biochemical pathways,and develop molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding.A knowledge of gene homology facilitates the transfer between crops of genes or genomic regions associated with desirable traits by genetic engineering,gene editing,or wide crossing.

关键词： Comparative genomics Orthologs Genes Synteny Genetic engineering Molecular breeding

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Diabetic cardiomyopathy:Importance of direct evidence to support the roles of NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome and pyroptosis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1659-1662页

作者： Lu Cai Yi Tan md Shahidul Islam Michael Horowitz Kupper A Wintergerst Pediatric Research Institute Departments of PediatricsRadiation OncologyPharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of LouisvilleWendy Novak Diabetes InstituteNorton Children’s HospitalLouisvilleKY 40202United States Department of Biochemistry School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000KwaZulu-NatalSouth Africa Department of Medicine University of AdelaideAdelaide 5005Australia Pediatric Research Institute Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsWendy Novak Diabetes InstituteNorton Children’s HospitalUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40202United States

Recently,the roles of pyroptosis,a form of cell death induced by activated NODlike receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome,in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM)have been extensively ***,most studies have focused mainly on whether diabetes increases the NLRP3 inflammasome and associated pyroptosis in the heart of type 1 or type 2 diabetic rodent models,and whether various medications and natural products prevent the development of DCM,associated with decreased levels of cardiac NLRP3 inflammasome and *** direct link of NLRP3 inflammasome and associated pyroptosis to the pathogenesis of DCM remains unclear based on the limited evidence derived from the available studies,with the approaches of NLRP3 gene silencing or pharmaceutical application of NLRP3 specific *** thus emphasize the requirement for more systematic studies that are designed to provide direct evidence to support the link,given that several studies have provided both direct and indirect evidence under specific *** editorial emphasizes that the current investigation should be circumspect in its conclusion,i.e.,not overemphasizing its role in the pathogenesis of DCM with the fact of only significantly increased expression or activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in the heart of diabetic rodent *** clear-cut evidence-based causative roles of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of DCM can help to develop effective and safe medications for the clinical management of DCM,targeting these biomarkers.

关键词： Diabetic cardiomyopathy Nucleotide oligomerization domain NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome Cardiac cell death Pyroptosis

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Extreme exposure of fluoride and arsenic contamination in shallow coastal aquifers of the Ganges delta,transboundary of the Indo-Bangladesh region

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 286-303页

作者： Dipankar Ruidas Subodh Chandra Pal Tanmoy Biswas Asish Saha Abu Reza md.Towfiqul Islam Department of Geography The University of BurdwanPurba BardhamanWest Bengal 713104India Department of Disaster Management Begum Rokeya UniversityRangpur 5400Bangladesh Department of Development Studies Daffodil International UniversityDhaka 1216Bangladesh

Globally,shallow aquifer groundwater(GW)has been severely affected in recent decades for both geogenic and anthropogenic *** hydro-geochemical characteristics of the GW change inconsistently with the addition of unwanted inorganic trace elements into the GW aquifer of the Indo-Bangladesh delta region(IBDR),such as arsenic(As)along with fluoride(F-)*** GW can have a negative impact on drinking water supplies and agricultural *** pollution can have serious adverse effects on the environment and human ***,the GW quality of this region is deteriorating progressively,and human health threatening by various life-threatening ***,the current study concentrated on the GW quality evaluation and prediction of possible health issues in the IBDR due to elevated contamination of As along with F-within GW aquifers by considering sixteen *** survey-based statistical methods such as entropy quality index(EWQI)combined with health risk index(HRI)was implemented for evaluating the As and F-sensitivity with the help of correlation testing and principal component *** study's outcome explains that a substantial portion of the IBDR has been vastly experiencing inferior GW quality,environmental issues,and health-related problems in dry and wet seasons,correspondingly for As and *** diagram verified the suitability of water that almost 55%of GW across the study area’s aquifers are unfit for drinking as well as cultivation of *** analysis and the Monte Carlo simulation method were also applied to assess the contaminant's concentration level and probable health risk *** present study concludes that the elevated exposure of As and F-pollution has to be monitored regularly and prevent unwanted GW contamination through implementing sustainable approaches and policies to fulfil the sustainable development goal 6(SDG-6)till 2030,ensuring the most basic human right of clean,safe,and hy

关键词： Indo-Bangladesh delta Entropy quality index Health risk index Monte Carlo simulation SDG-6

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红花籽粕对小鼠的急性毒性及抗溃疡性结肠炎作用研究

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中草药 2024年第8期55卷 2601-2610页

作者：戚曼王文萱付向磊姜超张亮 md HASAN ALI 李剑楚生辉刘敏石河子大学药学院新疆植物药资源利用教育部重点实验室新疆石河子832003 华东理工大学药学院生物反应器工程国家重点实验室上海200000

目的评价红花籽粕(红花Carthamus tinctorius的种子经过压榨提取红花籽油后的副产品)对小鼠的急性毒性及抗溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)作用。方法C57BL/6小鼠ig不同剂量的红花籽粕,7 d后计算脏器指数,采用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色... 详细信息

目的评价红花籽粕(红花Carthamus tinctorius的种子经过压榨提取红花籽油后的副产品)对小鼠的急性毒性及抗溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)作用。方法C57BL/6小鼠ig不同剂量的红花籽粕,7 d后计算脏器指数,采用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察肝、脾、肾组织病理变化,测定血清中肝功能、肾功能及血脂水平,以评价红花籽粕的急性毒性。建立葡聚糖硫酸钠(dextran sulphate sodium,DSS)诱导的UC小鼠模型,每天记录小鼠体质量,测定疾病活动指数(disease activity index,DAI)评分、结肠长度以及脏器指数,采用HE染色和阿利新蓝-过碘酸雪夫(AB-PAS)染色评价结肠组织病理学变化,采用qRT-PCR和Western blotting检测结肠组织中炎症和黏膜屏障相关因子表达。结果急性毒性实验中,与对照组比较,红花籽粕组小鼠脏器指数、血液生化指标没有显著差异,脏器病理切片也未见异常。红花籽粕对DSS诱导的UC小鼠具有较好的保护作用,可以显著改善体质量减轻、DAI评分升高、结肠长度缩短等临床症状(P<0.01),减轻结肠组织病理损伤,抑制肠道炎症细胞的浸润,保护杯状细胞,提高紧密连接蛋白和黏蛋白的表达(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),改善肠道屏障完整性。结论红花籽粕具有较高的安全性,且对DSS诱导的UC小鼠具有显著的治疗作用。

关键词：红花籽粕急性毒性溃疡性结肠炎炎症肠道屏障

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Design and Implementation of Hand Gesture Detection System Using HM Model for Sign Language Recognition Development

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第2期12卷 139-150页

作者： Sharmin Akter Milu Azmath Fathima Tanmay Talukder Inzamamul Islam md. Ismail Siddiqi Emon Department of Computer Science & Telecommunication Engineering (CSTE) Noakhali Science & Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh School of Computer Mathematical & Natural Sciences (SCMNS) Morgan State University Baltimore MD USA Department of Physics Morgan State University Baltimore MD USA Department of ECE Morgan State University Baltimore MD USA Department of Computer Science Morgan State University Baltimore MD USA

Gesture detection is the primary and most significant step for sign language detection and sign language is the communication medium for people with speaking and hearing disabilities. This paper presents a novel method for dynamic hand gesture detection using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) where we detect different English alphabet letters by tracing hand movements. The process involves skin color-based segmentation for hand isolation in video frames, followed by morphological operations to enhance image trajectories. Our system employs hand tracking and trajectory smoothing techniques, such as the Kalman filter, to monitor hand movements and refine gesture paths. Quantized sequences are then analyzed using the Baum-Welch Re-estimation Algorithm, an HMM-based approach. A maximum likelihood classifier is used to identify the most probable letter from the test sequences. Our method demonstrates significant improvements over traditional recognition techniques in real-time, automatic hand gesture recognition, particularly in its ability to distinguish complex gestures. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of our approach in enhancing gesture-based sign language detection to alleviate the barrier between the deaf and hard-of-hearing community and general people.

关键词： Hand Gesture Recognition System

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Development and Characterization of Calcium Based Biocomposites Using Waste Material (Calcite Stones) for Biomedical Applications

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2024年第5期15卷 113-135页

作者： Tasmim Adry Nuzhat Tabassum Maisha md. Abdul Gafur Suraya Sabrin Soshi Maruf Hasan Department of Biomedical Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh Pilot Plant and Process Development Center Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering Ahsanullah University of Science and Tecnology (AUST) Tejgaong Dhaka Bangladesh

Calcium-based biocomposite materials have a pivotal role in the biomedical field with their diverse properties and applications in combating challenging medical problems. The study states the development and characterization of Calcium-based biocomposites: Hydroxyapatite (HAP), and PVA-Gelatin-HAP films. For the preparation of Calcium-based biocomposites, an unconventional source, the waste material calcite stone, was used as calcium raw material, and by the process of calcination, calcium oxide was synthesized. From calcium oxide, HAP was prepared by chemical precipitation method, which was later added in different proportions to PVA-Gelatin solution and finally dried to form biocomposite films. Then the different properties of PVA/Gelatin/HAP composite, for instance, chemical, mechanical, thermal, and swelling properties due to the incorporation of various proportions of HAP in PVA-Gelatin solution, were investigated. The characterization of the HAP was conducted by X-ray Diffraction Analysis, and the characterization of HAP-PVA-Gelatin composites was done by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Thermomechanical Analysis, Tensile test, Thermogravimetric Differential Thermal Analysis, and Swelling Test. The produced biocomposite films might have applications in orthopedic implants, drug delivery, bone tissue engineering, and wound healing.

关键词： Hydroxyapatite Calcium-Based Biocomposites PVA-Gelatin Films Drug Delivery Bone Tissue Engineering

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Unsheltered: Navigating California’s Homelessness Crisis

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Journal of Sociology Study 2024年第3期14卷 143-156页

作者： Rakibul Hasan md Abdullah Al Mahmud Sayeda Farjana Farabi Jahanara Akter Fatema Tuz Johora Westcliff University CaliforniaUSA International American University CaliforniaUSA

This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of the complex phenomenon of homelessness in California,with a specific focus on the state’s three largest cities-Los Angeles,San Francisco,and San *** the backdrop of a high cost of living and a housing market strained by insufficient affordable options,the multifaceted nature of social diversity further complicates the landscape,leading to a widespread presence of homelessness that spans both major urban centers and rural *** an in-depth examination of the distinct challenges confronting each city,ranging from housing shortages to intricate social dynamics,this study seeks to illuminate the underlying factors driving homelessness and identify potential avenues for ***,the paper delves into the unique vulnerabilities experienced by certain demographics within the homeless population,including veterans,families with children,and LGBTQ+individuals,highlighting the critical need for targeted solutions tailored to their specific *** synthesizing existing research and incorporating firsthand accounts,this research endeavor aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of homelessness in California and inform the development of comprehensive strategies aimed at fostering inclusive,sustainable communities statewide.

关键词： homeless California veterans children LGBTQ

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