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Species richness and species composition of fungal communities associated with cellulose decomposition at different altitudes on the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2009年第4期2卷 217-224页

作者： Dai Hirose Takashi Shirouzu mitsuru Hirota Toshiyuki Ohtsuka Yukiko Senga Mingyuan Du Ayako Shimono Xianzhou Zhang College of Pharmacy Nihon UniversityFunabashiChiba 274-8555Japan Fungus/Mushroom Resource and Research Center Faculty of AgricultureTottori UniversityKoyamaTottori 680-0945Japan Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science University of TsukubaTsukubaIbaraki 305-8572Japan Institute of Basin Ecosystem Study Gifu UniversityGifu 501-1193Japan Faculty of Geo-Environmental Science Rissho UniversityKumagayaSaitama 360-0194Japan Agro-Meteorology Division National Institute for Agro-Environmental ScienceTsukubaIbaraki 305-8604Japan Environmental Biology Division National Institute for Environmental StudiesTsukubaIbaraki 305-8506Japan Lhasa Agro-ecological Experimental Station Chinese Academy of ScienceLhasaChina

Aims The aims of this study were to compare the fungal communities developing on cotton strips at three different altitudes on the Tibetan Plateau and to assess the environmental variables influencing *** Cotton strips that had been buried in soil for a year were sampled at three sites at different altitudes(4500,4950 and 5200 m)located on a southeast-facing slope on the Nyainqentanglha Mountains near *** fungi on the cotton strips were isolated using a modified washing *** decomposition abilities and colony growth properties of the major species cultured in pure-culture conditions were investigated and *** correspondence analysis(CCA)was used to evaluate the relationships between fungal community composition and environmental variables(altitude,soil depth,soil water content[SWC],plant root mass and gravel content).Important Findings A total of 24 species were isolated from the cotton strips,and 12 species occurred frequently and were regarded as major *** number of fungal species was lower at the 4950-m altitude site than at the other two sites,indicating that not only altitude but also other factors affected the number of species *** of the major species were able to decompose the cotton *** the CCA ordination,automatic forward selection revealed that altitude,SWC and plant root mass significantly affected fungal species *** results suggest thatspecies numberandthecomposition ofcellulolytic fungal communities are highly correlated with environmental variables as well as altitude in the alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： fungal community altitude alpine Tibetan Plateau cellulose

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Altitudinal variation of ecosystem CO_(2) fluxes in an alpine grassland from 3600 to 4200 m

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2009年第4期2卷 197-205页

作者： mitsuru Hirota Pengcheng Zhang Song Gu Mingyuan Du Ayako Shimono Haihua Shen Yingnian Li Yanhong Tang Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennohdaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8572Japan Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesXining 810001People’s Republic of China National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences Kannondai 3-1-3TsukubaIbaraki 305-8604Japan National Institute for Environmental Studies Onogawa 16-2TsukubaIbaraki 305-8506Japan

Aims Recent studies have recognized the alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau as a significant sink for atmospheric CO_(2).The carbon-sink strength may differ among grassland ecosystems at various altitudes because of contrasting biotic and physical *** study aims(i)to clarify the altitudinal pattern of ecosystem CO_(2) fluxes,including gross primary production(GPP),daytime ecosystem respiration(Redaytime)and net ecosystem production(NEP),during the period with peak above-ground biomass;and(ii)to elucidate the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the altitudinal variation of ecosystem CO_(2) *** Ecosystem CO_(2) fluxes and abiotic and biotic environmental factors were measured in an alpine grassland at four altitudes from 3600 to 4200 m along a slope of the Qilian Mountains on the northwestern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau during the growing season of *** used a closed-chamber method combined with shade screens and an opaque cloth to measure several carbon fluxes,GPP,Redaytime and NEP,and factors,light-response curve for GPP and temperature sensitivity of ***-and below-ground biomasses and soil C and N contents at each measurement point were also *** Findings(i)Altitudinal pattern of ecosystem CO_(2) fluxes:The maximum net ecosystem CO_(2) flux(NEPmax),*** potential ecosystem CO_(2) sink strength,was markedly different among the four *** was higher at the highest and lowest sites,ap proximately7.460.9 and6.760.6 lmol CO_(2) m^(-2)s^(-1)(mean 6 standard error),respectively,but smaller at the intermediate altitude sites(3800 and 4000 m).The altitudinal pattern of maximum gross primary production was similar to that of *** Redaytime,however,was significantly higher at the lowest altitude(3.460.3 lmol CO_(2) m^(-2)s^(-1))than at the other three altitudes.(ii)Altitudinal variation of vegetation biomass:The aboveground biomass was higher at the highest altitude(154627 g DW m2)than

关键词： ecosystem respiration grazing gross primary production net ecosystem production Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Brachiocephalic to left brachial vein thrombotic vasculitis accompanying mediastinal pancreatic fistula:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第32期10卷 11882-11888页

作者： Reiji Kokubo Daisuke Yunaiyama Yu Tajima Natsumi Kugai mitsuru Okubo Kazuhiro Saito Takayoshi Tsuchiya Takao Itoi Department of Radiology Tokyo Medical UniversityTokyo 160-0023Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tokyo Medical UniversityTokyo 160-0023Japan

BACKGROUND Pancreatitis is a severe inflammatory pancreatic disease commonly due to bile duct stones or excessive alcohol usage,with clinical manifestations of abdominal pain,nausea,fever,and fluid *** persons with less symptomatic pancreatitis are quite ***,we report a case of a patient with an undetermined onset of pancreatitis mimicking left arm cellulitis due to thrombotic vasculitis of the brachiocephalic *** SUMMARY A 50-year-old woman visited our hospital for tenderness in the left arm over several recent *** was diagnosed with cellulitis on the left arm due to left elbow *** antibiotics administration did not improve symptoms and laboratory data worsened;thus,chest and abdominal computed tomography(CT)was *** demonstrated pancreatitis with pseudocyst around the pancreas extending to the *** vasculitis of the brachiocephalic to left brachial vein was observed,which could be the cause of left elbow pain.A pancreatic fistula was found in the head of the pancreas by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,so a pancreatic cyst drainage tube via the duodenum was placed in the *** content culture was positive for Escherichia coli *** symptoms,imaging findings,and inflammatory reactions resolved gradually after starting therapeutic *** mediastinal pancreatic pseudocysts shrunk,and the venous thrombi remained but *** The case of a patient with pancreatitis with an undetermined onset that mimics left arm cellulitis is *** vein thrombosis should be kept in mind when treating patients with severe inflammatory disease.

关键词： Pancreatic fistula Thrombotic vasculitis Pancreatitis Computed tomography Case report

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Optimal traction direction in traction-assisted gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2022年第11期14卷 667-671页

作者： mitsuru Nagata Department of Endoscopy Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai HospitalFujisawa 251-0041KanagawaJapan

Various traction devices have been developed to secure a visual field and sufficient tension at the dissection plane during endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).However,few large-scale studies have investigated the effectiveness of traction devices in gastric ***-with-line(CWL)is one such traction device that is widely used in cases of gastric *** CONNECT-G trial was the first multicenter randomized controlled trial to compare conventional ESD with CWLassisted ESD(CWL-ESD)for superficial gastric ***,no significant intergroup difference was observed in terms of the gastric ESD procedure ***,subgroup analysis according to lesion location revealed a significant reduction in the procedure time of gastric ESD for the lesion located at the greater curvature of the middle and upper third of the stomach in the CWL-ESD *** this subgroup analysis,lesion location was categorized as follows:anterior wall,posterior wall,lesser curvature,and greater curvature of the upper,middle,and lower thirds of the ***,the gastric ESD procedure time showed no significant difference,except for lesions located at the greater curvature of the upper and middle thirds of the *** traction direction of CWL in the stomach was limited to the cardia and changed depending on the lesion ***,outcomes of the CONNECT-G trail suggest that the effectiveness of CWL was influenced by lesion location,i.e.,traction *** studies are warranted to investigate the optimal traction direction in gastric ESD.

关键词： Endoscopic submucosal dissection ESD Traction device Clip-with-line Traction direction Vertical traction

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Expression of Angiopoietin-1, 2 and 4 and Tie-1 and 2 in gastrointestinal stromal tumor, leiomyoma and schwannoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第33期13卷 4473-4479页

作者： Toshiyuki Nakayama Maki Inaba Shinji Naito Yumi Mihara Shiro Miura mitsuru Taba Ayumi Yoshizaki Chun-Yang Wen Ichiro Sekine Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences 1-12-4 Sakamoto Nagasaki 852-8523 Japan Division of Pathology Research Laboratory National Ureshino Medical Center Saga 843-0301 Japan Department of Digestive Disease Affiliated hospital of Beihua University Jilin 132011 Jilin Province China

AIM: To investigate the role of angiopoietin (Ang) -1, -2 and -4 and its receptors, Tie-1 and -2, in the growth and differentiation of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).METHODS: Thirty GISTs, seventeen leiomyomas and six schwannomas were examined by immunohistochemistry in this ***: Ang-1, -2 and -4 proteins were expressed in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, and Tie-1 and -2 were expressed both in the cytoplasm and on the membrane of all tumors. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that 66.7% of GISTs (20 of 30), 76.5% of leiomyomas (13 of 17) and 83.3% of schwannomas (5 of 6) were positive for Ang-1. 83.3% of GISTs (25 of 30), 82.4% of leiomyomas (14 of 17) and 100% of schwannomas (6 of 6) were positive for Ang-2. 36.7% of GISTs (11 of 30), 58.8% of leiomyomas (10 of 17) and 83.3% of schwannomas (5 of 6) were positive for Ang-4. 60.0% of GISTs (18 of 30), 82.4% of leiomyomas and 100% of schwannomas (6 of 6) were positive for Tie-1. 10.0% of GISTs (3 of 30), 94.1% of leiomyomas (16 of 17) and 33.3% of schwannomas (2 of 6) were positive for Tie-2. Tie-2 expression was statistically different between GISTs and leiomyomas (P < 0.001). However, there was no correlation between expression of angiopoietin pathway components and clinical risk ***: Our results suggest that the angiopoietin pathway plays an important role in the differentiation of GISTs, leiomyomas and schwannomas.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumors Leiomyomas Schwannomas

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Polynomial Time Method for Solving Nash Equilibria of Zero-Sum Games

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2021年第1期11卷 23-30页

作者： Yoshihiro Tanaka mitsuru Togashi Faculty of Economics and Business Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan Graduate School of Accountancy Waseda University Tokyo Japan

There are a few studies that focus on solution methods for finding a Nash equilibrium of zero-sum games. We discuss the use of Karmarkar’s interior point method to solve the Nash equilibrium problems of a zero-sum game, and prove that it is theoretically a polynomial time algorithm. We implement the Karmarkar method, and a preliminary computational result shows that it performs well for zero-sum games. We also mention an affine scaling method that would help us compute Nash equilibria of general zero-sum games effectively.

关键词： Zero-Sum Games Nash Equilibria Karmarkar’s Method Polynomial Time

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A Multi-Section Quantum-Dot Semiconductor Optical Amplifier for Ultrabroad-Band Gain-Flattened Low-Noise Amplification

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 459-460页

作者： Tomoyuki Akiyama mitsuru Sugawara Koji Otsubo Hiroji Ebe Nobuaki Hatori Yasuhiko Arakawa Fujitsu Ltd. Kanagawa JapanUniversity of Tokyo Tokyo JapanFujitsu Ltd. Kanagawa JapanUniversity of Tokyo Tokyo JapanUniversity of Tokyo Tokyo JapanUniversity of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

We propose an ultrabroad-band 1R regenerator utilizing a multi-section quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier. Due to the reduced electron states, quantum dot is beneficial in broadening the gain spectrum and lowering the noise figure. Combining this with a multi-section structure drastically improves the gain equality among the different bound states, leading to an increase in the maximum output power and an improvement of the noise figure.

关键词： for in of be it A Multi-Section Quantum-Dot Semiconductor Optical Amplifier for Ultrabroad-Band Gain-Flattened Low-Noise Amplification MOP SOA NF dBm QDs

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Effect of stones on the sand saltation threshold during natural sand and dust storms in a stony desert in Tsogt-Ovoo in the Gobi Desert,Mongolia

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第7期13卷 653-673页

作者： Batjargal BUYANTOGTOKH Yasunori KUROSAKI Atsushi TSUNEKAWA mitsuru TSUBO Batdelger GANTSETSEG Amarsaikhan DAVAADORJ Masahide ISHIZUKA Tsuyoshi T SEKIYAMA Taichu Y TANAKA Takashi MAKI Arid Land Research Center Tottori UniversityTottori 680-0001Japan Information and Research Institute of Meteorology Hydrology and EnvironmentUlaanbaatar 15160Mongolia Faculty of Engineering and Design Kagawa UniversityTakamatsu 761-0396Japan Meteorological Research Institute Japan Meteorological AgencyTsukuba 305-0052Japan

Non-erodible elements such as stones and vegetation are key to controlling wind erosion and dust emission in *** deserts are widely distributed in the Gobi Desert,but the effect of stones on wind erosion and dust emission have not been well studied,except under artificial *** this study,we evaluated the effect of stones on wind erosion and dust emission by measuring the sand saltation threshold in a stony desert in Tsogt-Ovoo in the Gobi Desert,Mongolia,under natural surface conditions during sand and dust *** quantified the amount of stones by measuring the roughness density,and determined the threshold friction velocity for sand saltation by measuring wind speed and sand saltation *** results showed that the threshold friction velocity increased with the roughness density of *** the northern part of the study area,where neither a surface crust nor vegetation was observed,the roughness density of stones was 0.000 in a topographic depression(TD),0.050 on a northern slope(***),and 0.160 on the northern mountain(***).The mean threshold friction velocity values were 0.23,0.41,and 0.57 m/s at the TD,***,and *** sites,*** the southern part of the study area,the roughness density values of stones were 0.000 and 0.070-0.320 at the TD and southern slope sites,respectively,and the mean threshold friction velocities were 0.23 and 0.45-0.71 m/s,*** further compared the observed threshold friction velocities with simulated threshold friction velocities using Raupach's theoretical roughness correction and the measured roughness density values,and found that Raupach's roughness correction worked very well in the simulation of threshold friction velocity in the stony *** means that the results of our stone measurement can be applied to a numerical dust model.

关键词： arid region threshold friction velocity roughness density shear stress sand saltation threshold roughness correction Gobi Desert

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CO<sub>2</sub>Absorption Performance of “Dry Matter” Prepared with Amino Acid-Based Ionic Liquids

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2017年第3期7卷 203-216页

作者： Masaya Miyake mitsuru Satoh Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

Dry Matter (DM) is a powdery substance which is composed of micro droplets and surrounding hydrophobic silica nanoparticles. Because of the much larger surface area than that of the corresponding bulk liquid, DM, which contains amino-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs), is a promising CO2 absorption material provided with quick absorption speed. In the present study, we successfully prepared powdery DMs by utilizing aqueous solutions of amino acid-based ILs (tetraethylammonium glycine [N2222][Gly], and tetraethylammonium alanine [N2222][Ala]). Although a DM with lysine-based IL (N2222) [Lys]) was also prepared, only a soufflé-like material was obtained. We measured CO2 absorption performance for the DMs to find that the mass-base absorption ability (mass-base A.A.) (CO2 mol/DM kg) and the mol-base one (CO2 mol/IL mol) of [N2222][Lys] were ca. two times of [N2222][Gly] and [N2222][Ala], while the absorption speed of the former was inferior to the latter two, i.e., ca.15 min vs. 5 min for 90% absorption. In order to improve the mass-base A.A. of [N2222][Gly], we used 10% of aqueous poly(allylamine) (PAlAm) solution instead of water. The resultant mass-base A.A. proved to be significantly larger (1.9) than either of those of the respective single component systems (1.1 and 0.75 for the bulk IL and aq. PAlAm, respectively), and comparable to the A.A. (1.6 - 2.5) of 20% - 30% monoethanolamine solution which is commonly used in industrial application.

关键词： Dry Matter Ionic Liquid CO2 Absorption Amino Acid Polyallylamine

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Gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland(chief cell-predominant type): A review of endoscopic and clinicopathological features

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第48期22卷 10523-10531页

作者： Masaki Miyazawa mitsuru Matsuda Masaaki Yano Yasumasa Hara Fumitaka Arihara Yosuke Horita Koichiro Matsuda Akito Sakai Yatsugi Noda Department of Internal Medicine Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital

Gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland(chief cellpredominant type, GA-FG-CCP) is a rare variant of welldifferentiated adenocarcinoma, and has been proposed to be a novel disease entity. GA-FG-CCP originates from the gastric mucosa of the fundic gland region without chronic gastritis or intestinal metaplasia. The majority of GA-FG-CCPs exhibit either a submucosal tumor-like superficial elevated shape or a flat shape on macroscopic examination. Narrow-band imaging with endoscopic magnification may reveal a regular or an irregular microvascular pattern, depending on the degree of tumor exposure to the mucosal surface. Pathological analysis of GA-FG-CCPs is characterized by a high frequency of submucosal invasion, rare occurrences of lymphatic and venous invasion, and low-grade malignancy. Detection of diffuse positivity for pepsinogen-I by immunohistochemistry is specific for GA-FG-CCP. Careful endoscopic examination and detailed pathological evaluation are essential for early and accurate diagnosis of GA-FG-CCP. Nearly all GA-FG-CCPs are treated by endoscopic resection due to their small tumor size and low risk of recurrence or metastasis.

关键词： Narrow-band imaging Pepsinogen-I Fundic gland Gastric adenocarcinoma Chief cell

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