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Effects of far-off and close-up transition cow feeding on uterine health,postpartum anestrous interval,and reproductive outcomes in pasture-based dairy cows

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 493-503页

作者： S.Meier j.K.Kay B.Kuhn-Sherlock A.Heiser M.D.mitchell M.A.Crookenden M.Vailati Riboni j.j.Loor j.R.Roche DairyNZ Limited Private Bag 3221Hamilton 3240New Zealand AgResearch Hopkirk Research InstituteGrasslands Research CentrePalmerston North 4442New Zealand Centre for Children’s Health Research Queensland University of TechnologyLevel 662 Graham StreetSouth BrisbaneQueensland 4101Australia DairyNZ Limited c/o University of Auckland3A Symonds StAuckland 1010New Zealand Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana 61801USA Ministry for Primary Industries-ManatūAhu Matua Charles Ferguson TowerPipiteaWellington 6140New Zealand School of Biological Sciences University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019Auckland 1142New Zealand

Background:In seasonal,pasture-based,dairy production systems,cows must recover from calving and become pregnant within two to 3 *** achieve this,the uterus must involute and ovulation must occur and continue at regular *** these processes are affected by the cows’nutritional or metabolic status post-calving,the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cow feeding strategies on uterine health,the length of postpartum anestrous interval,and reproductive *** treatments consisted of two feeding strategies during late-lactation and early dry period(far-off period;starting 4-month pre-calving)and three close-up dry period feeding regimes(1-month pre-calving)in a 2×3 factorial *** randomly assigned 150 cows to one of two far-off *** late lactation,the herds(n=75 cows per herd)were either control-fed(Controlfed)or over-fed(Overfed)to achieve a low or high body condition score(4-month pre-calving;BCS;~4.25 and^4.75;10-point scale)at cessation of *** each of these treatments,three feeding levels were applied during the close-up period(1-month pre-calving):~65%(Feed65),~90%(Feed90),or^120%(Feed120)of metabolizable energy(ME)intakes relative to pre-calving ***:Uterine health improved(***(PMN)cells declined)with increased feeding during the close-up period for cows in the Overfed *** reverse was evident for the Controlfed group with the greatest PMN at the highest intakes during the close-up *** postpartum anoestrous interval(PPAI)was shorter in cows from the Overfed group when moderately fed(Feed90)during the close-up period;in comparison,the PPAI was shorter in the Controlfed group,when those cows were overfed in the close-up period(Feed120).The cows in the Overfed treatment had greater conception and pregnancy rates if cows had moderate dry matter intakes(Feed90)during the close-up period;these reproductive variables were less under excessive feed inta

关键词： Close-up Dairy cows Far-off Reproduction Transition period

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Effect of plasma surface treatment of poly(dimethylsiloxane) on the permeation of pharmaceutical compounds

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药物分析学报：英文版 2017年第5期7卷 338-342页

作者： Laura j.Waters Catherine V.Finch A.K.M.Mehedi H.Bhuiyan Karl Hemming john C.mitchell Department of Pharmacy School of Applied Science University of Huddersfield Medway Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Greenwich

This paper addresses the modification of poly(dimethylsiloxane), i.e. PDMS, using plasma surface treatment and a novel application of the membrane created. A set of model compounds were analysed to determine their permeation through PDMS, both with and without plasma treatment. It was found that plasma treatment reduced permeation for the majority of compounds but had little effect on some compounds, such as caffeine,with results indicating that polarity plays an important role in permeation, as is seen in human skin. Most importantly, a direct correlation was observed between plasma-modified permeation data and literature data through calculation of membrane permeability(K_p) values suggesting plasma-modified silicone membrane(PMSM) could be considered as a suitable in vivo replacement to predict clinical skin permeation.

关键词： Permeation PDMS Silicone Plasma Flux Hydrophobicity

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Evolving mantle convection from bottom up to top down

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The Innovation 2022年第6期3卷 13-14页

作者： Ross N.mitchell Michael Brown Thomas M.Gernon Christopher j.Spencer State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Laboratory for Crustal Petrology Department of GeologyUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA School of Ocean and Earth Science University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO224JRUK Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 2N8Canada

When it comes to convection,what goes up must come *** is it,what goes down must come up?The truth is,it *** convection must be mass-balanced,there is no reason that it must be force-balanced:the positive and negative buoyancy forces driving convection up and down,respectively,do not necessarily need to be *** balance,or imbalance,all depends on the top and bottom boundary layers.

关键词： necessarily boundary hough

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Retinoic acid signaling acts as a rheostat to balance Treg function

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第7期19卷 820-833页

作者： Govindarajan Thangavelu Gabriela Andrejeva Sara Bolivar-Wagers Sujeong jin Michael C.Zaiken Michael Loschi Ethan G.Aguilar Scott N.Furlan Chrysothemis C.Brown Yu-Chi Lee Cameron mcdonald Hyman Colby j.Feser Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari Keli L.Hippen Kelli P.MacDonald William j.Murphy Ivan Maillard Geoffrey R.Hill David H.Munn Robert Zeiser Leslie S.Kean jeffrey C.Rathmell Hongbo Chi Randolph j.Noelle Bruce R.Blazar Department of Pediatrics Center for ImmunologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Center for Immunobiology Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashville TNUSA Department of Pediatrics University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center SeattleWAUSA Howard Hughes Medical Institute Immunology Program and Ludwig CenterSloan Kettering InstituteMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Department of Microbiology and Immunology.Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Norris Cotton Cancer CenterLebanonUSA Department of Immunology Queensland Institute of Medical Research(QIMR)Berghofer Medical Research Institute and School of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Departmentof Dermatology School of MedicineUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCAUSA Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA Georgia Cancer Center Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA Department of Haematology Oncology and Stem Cell TransplantationFaculty of MedicineFreiburg University Medical CentreFreiburgGermany Boston Children's Hospital and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute BostonMAUSA Department of Immunology St.Jude Children's ResearchHospitalMemphisTNUSA

Regulatory T cells(Tregs)promote immune homeostasis by maintaining self-tolerance and regulating inflammatory *** certain inflammatory conditions,Tregs can lose their lineage stability and *** studies have reported that ex vivo exposure to retinoic acid(RA)enhances Treg function and ***,it is unknown how RA receptor signaling in Tregs influences these processes in ***,we employed mouse models in which RA signaling is silenced by the expression of the dominant negative receptor(DN)RARαin all T *** the fact that DNRARαconventional T cells are hypofunctional,Tregs had increased CD25 expression,STAT5 pathway activation,mTORC1 signaling and supersuppressor ***,DNRARαTregs had increased inhibitory molecule expression,amino acid transporter expression,and metabolic fitness and decreased antiapoptotic *** function was observed when wild-type mice were treated with a pharmacologic pan-RAR ***,Treg-specific expression of DNRARαresulted in distinct phenotypes,such that a single allele of DNRARαin Tregs heightened their suppressive function,and biallelic expression led to loss of suppression and *** loss of Treg function was not cell intrinsic,as Tregs that developed in a noninflammatory milieu in chimeric mice reconstituted with DNRARαand wild-type bone marrow maintained the enhanced suppressive *** mapping suggested that maintaining Treg stability in an inflammatory milieu requires RA *** findings indicate that RA signaling acts as a rheostat to balance Treg function in inflammatory and noninflammatory conditions in a dose-dependent manner.

关键词： Retinoic acid Tregulatory cells Autoimmunity Metabolism mTORC1 STAT5

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How Can Commodity Quality Be Ensured and Relevant Disputes Be Settled?

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中国对外贸易：英文版 2016年第4期 36-37页

作者： j.mitchell

China,the big factory offering various commodities to companies and individuals all over the world,is attracting more and more merchants purchasing goods in various ways,through agents,on site,via modern communication,*** essential concern of these merchants is the quality of these *** can the commodity quality be ensured?If there are

关键词： more Be How Can Commodity Quality Be Ensured and Relevant Disputes Be Settled

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南非太阳紫外线B曝射量的时空变化:对受威胁分类群的影响

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人类环境杂志 1999年第5期28卷 450-456页

作者： CharlesF.Musil Michael C.Rutherford Leslie W.Powrie David j.mcdonald Lars Olof Bjrn 孙颖 National Botanical Institute Private Bag X7Clarent 7735 National Botanical Institute Private Bag X7Claremont 7735 气候变化科研小组生态及保护出生物保护小组隆德大学植物生理学系北京大学城市与环境学系

南非大阳光中的UV-B(28～315nm)曝射量在空间和时间上的变化是按2.5km^2的分辨率用臭氧、相对湿度、云量及海拔高度数据进行模拟并绘图的。计算机处理的结果显示,UV-B曝射量存在着很大的天然梯度,纬度跨越14度,变化幅度为34.2%,经度跨... 详细信息

南非大阳光中的UV-B(28～315nm)曝射量在空间和时间上的变化是按2.5km^2的分辨率用臭氧、相对湿度、云量及海拔高度数据进行模拟并绘图的。计算机处理的结果显示,UV-B曝射量存在着很大的天然梯度,纬度跨越14度,变化幅度为34.2%,经度跨越16度,UV-B变化幅度为44.2%。对未来UV-B年曝射量情况的模拟显示出其小辐增长的趋势,2003年增加2.5%(臭氧耗减过程的最佳状况);2051年增加8.1%(臭氧耗减过程的最差状况)。值得注意的是,防臭氧耗减,UV-B的年内变率显著增加。2003年深秋(5月)曝射量增加12%,2051年同一季节增加35%。对代表103科468属的2146种受威胁(稀有、濒危、脆弱)生物分析其分类、生活型和机能特征,并将它们的分布与模拟得到的UV-B时空分布型式相比较。我们看到,在受威胁分类群中,常绿和内质的生活型及地下芽植物出现的比例很高,这说明,这些植物时太阳先中UV-B作用的增强有很高的生理修复能力,尽管有些生活型(如树木)的抵抗力显得相对差一些。有些植物机能类型(如一年生本本植物)显示出单位繁殖产出的降低及植物总体适应水平的下降,这些可能会导致物种共存型式、植物组成成分和多样性的改变。

关键词：南非太阳光紫外线B曝射量时空变化植物危害

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Fibre Treatment Uniformity in Pulp Refining

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Paper And Biomaterials 2018年第3期3卷 1-6页

作者： Richard j.Kerekes j.David mcdonald Pulp and Paper Centre The University of British ColumbiaVancouverV6T 1Z4Canada jDMcD Consulting Inc. Vaudreuil-DorionQuebecJ7V 0G1Canada

This paper explores implications of previous work which suggested that pulp refining is achieved by a small number of *** a consequence,the purpose of multiple bar crossings in refiners is to expose many fibres to a few effective cycles,not to impose many cycles on each *** on this postulate,tensile strength increase was found to be well described by a cumulative probability equation having two parameters:(a) number of bar crossings and(b) probability of a successful refining outcome at each *** this paper,this concept further with additional refiner data was explored and the link between the probability term and measurable refiner variables was *** proposing the possibility,these two parameters may be a desirable alternative to specific energy and specific edge load for characterizing refining action.

关键词： pulp refining refining uniformity tensile strength refining characterization

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大白鼠扣带回3区向杏仁体及其他核群的纤维投射——菜豆白细胞凝集素顺行示踪研究

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解剖学报 1991年第3期22卷 254-259,T006,7页

作者：郭连魁 A.j.mcdonald 山西医学院解剖学教研室太原0300001 美国南卡罗来纳大学医学院解剖系

本文用菜豆自细胞凝集素免疫组织化学顺行示踪技术,观察大白鼠扣带回3区(Cg3)向皮质下核团的纤维投射。其投射区自前向后主要有:伏核、尾壳核内侧1/3、终纹床核、外侧视前区、带旁核、丘脑前内侧核、背内侧核、前室旁核、网状核、外侧... 详细信息

本文用菜豆自细胞凝集素免疫组织化学顺行示踪技术,观察大白鼠扣带回3区(Cg3)向皮质下核团的纤维投射。其投射区自前向后主要有:伏核、尾壳核内侧1/3、终纹床核、外侧视前区、带旁核、丘脑前内侧核、背内侧核、前室旁核、网状核、外侧缰核、后室旁核、束旁核及丘脑筛状核等。在丘脑下方,标记纤维密集于未定带、内囊的内侧边缘区和乳头丘脑束的周围。自这些区域,有纤维投射至下丘脑外侧区。本文着重分析了标记纤维在杏仁体的分布情况,标记纤维密集于基底外侧前核和外侧核的腹内侧亚核。从而证实Cg3皮质的纤维投射参与基底外侧核一边缘系环路,即所谓记忆环路。而杏仁体中央核仅偶见极稀疏的标记纤维。所以我们认为,Cg3皮质未参与“内脏环路”。标记纤维自注射侧经胼胝体膝至对侧半球,其投射区与注射侧的投射区一致,但标记纤维比较稀疏。

关键词：扣带回了区丘脑背内侧核杏仁体

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Multinational corporations and infectious disease: Embracing human rights management techniques

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 354-366,353页

作者： Kendyl Salcito Burton H Singer mitchell G Weiss Mirko S Winkler Gary R Krieger Mark Wielga jürg Utzinger Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Swiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteP.O.BoxCH-4002BaselSwitzerland University of Basel P.O.BoxCH-4003BaselSwitzerland NomoGaia 1900 Wazee StreetSuite 303DenverCO 80202USA NewFields LLCDenverCO 80202USA Emerging Pathogens Institute University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610USA

Background:Global health institutions have called for governments,international organisations and health practitioners to employ a human rights-based approach to infectious *** motivation for a human rights approach is clear:poverty and inequality create conditions for infectious diseases to thrive,and the diseases,in turn,interact with social-ecological systems to promulgate poverty,inequity and *** and intergovernmental organisations should be concerned with the control and elimination of these diseases,as widespread infections delay economic growth and contribute to higher healthcare costs and slower processes for realising universal human *** social determinants and economic outcomes associated with infectious diseases should interest multinational companies,partly because they have bearing on corporate productivity and,increasingly,because new global norms impose on companies a responsibility to respect human rights,including the right to ***:We reviewed historical and recent developments at the interface of infectious diseases,human rights and multinational *** investigation was supplemented with field-level insights at corporate capital projects that were developed in areas of high endemicity of infectious diseases,which embraced rights-based disease control ***:Experience and literature provide a longstanding business case and an emerging social responsibility case for corporations to apply a human rights approach to health programmes at global ***,in an increasingly globalised and interconnected world,multinational corporations have an interest,and an important role to play,in advancing rights-based control strategies for infectious ***:There are new opportunities for governments and international health agencies to enlist corporate business actors in disease control and elimination *** offered by the United Nations in 2011 that is widel

关键词： Infectious diseases Human rights Systems-based interventions Multinational corporations Corporate social responsibility

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Scalable arrays of chemical vapor sensors based on DNA-decorated graphene

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Nano Research 2014年第1期7卷 95-103页

作者： Nicholas j. Kybert Gang Hee Han mitchell B. Lerner Eric N. Dattoli Ali Esfandiar A. T. Charlie johnson Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA SPAWAR Systems Center Pacific San Diego CA 92152 USA

Arrays of chemical vapor sensors based on graphene field effect transistors functionalized with single-stranded DNA have been demonstrated. Standard photolithographic processing was adapted for use on large-area graphene by including a metal protection layer, which protected the graphene from contamination and enabled fabrication of high quality field-effect transistors (GFETs). Processed graphene devices had hole mobilities of 1,640 ± 250 cm2·V−1·s−1 and Dirac voltages of 15 ± 10 V under ambient conditions. Atomic force microscopy was used to verify that the graphene surface remained uncontaminated and therefore suitable for controlled chemical functionalization. Single-stranded DNA was chosen as the functionalization layer due to its affinity to a wide range of target molecules and π-π stacking interaction with graphene, which led to minimal degradation of device characteristics. The resulting sensor arrays showed analyte- and DNA sequence-dependent responses down to parts-per-billion concentrations. DNA/GFET sensors were able to differentiate among chemically similar analytes, including a series of carboxylic acids, and structural isomers of carboxylic acids and pinene. Evidence for the important role of electrostatic chemical gating was provided by the observation of understandable differences in the sensor response to two compounds that differed only by the replacement of a (deprotonating) hydroxyl group by a neutral methyl group. Finally, target analytes were detected without loss of sensitivity in a large background of a chemically similar, volatile compound. These results motivate further development of the DNA/graphene sensor family for use in an electronic olfaction system.

关键词：传感器阵列单链DNA 化学气相石墨可扩展场效应晶体管挥发性化合物金属保护层

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