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Climate change and contrasting plasticity in timing of a two-step migration episode of an Arctic-nesting avian herbivore

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Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 233-242页

作者： Anthony david FOX mitch d.weegman Stuart BEARHOP GeoffM.HILTON Larry GRIFFIN david A.STROUd Alyn WALSH department of Bioscience Aarhus University Kalo Grenavej 14 DK-8410 Ronde Denmark Centre for Ecology and Conservation College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Cornwall CampusTR10 9EZ UK Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust Slimbridge Gloucester GL2 7BT UK Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust Eastpark Farm Caerlaverock Dumfriesshire DGI 4RS UK Greenland White-fronted Goose Study c/o Spring Meadows Taylors Green Warmington Peterborough PE8 6TG UK National Parks and Wildlife Service Wexford Wildfowl Reserve North Slob Wexford Ireland

Greenland white-fronted geese Anser albifrons flavirostris wintering in Britain and Ireland migrate over the sea for 700-1200 km to stage 3-5 weeks in Iceland in spring, continuing a similar distance over the sea and Greenland Ice Cap to West Greenland breeding grounds. during 1969 to 2012, the geese advanced the mean departure date from Ireland by 15 days, during which time also they attained threshold fat stores earlier as well as departing in fatter condition. Over that period, Iceland spring-staging geese shifted from consuming underground plant storage organs to grazing managed hayfields, which provide fresh grass growth despite sub-zero temperatures, when traditional natural foods are inaccessible in frozen substrates. In 2012 and 2013, geese arrived three weeks earlier to Iceland, in fatter condition and accumulated fat significantly slower than in 1997-1999 and 2007. Although geese accumulated sufficient fat stores earlier in Iceland in 2007, 2012 and 2013, they departed around the same date as in 1997-1999, prolonging spring staging by three weeks. Plasticity in winter departure dates is likely due to improved winter feeding conditions （enabling earlier departure in better condition） and a novel predictable food resource in Iceland. Greenland white-fronted geese attained threshold fat stores in Iceland earlier, but remained rather than departing earlier to Greenland. despite arriving earlier in Iceland, arrival dates on the breeding areas have not changed since the 1880s, presumably because of relatively constant cool springs and heavy snowfall in West Greenland during recent years [Current Zoology 60 （2）： 233-242, 2014].

关键词： Anser albifronsflavirostris Climate mismatch Greenland white-fronted geese Migration phenology Vernalmigration

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Heterogeneous Cu_(x)O Nano‑Skeletons from Waste Electronics for Enhanced Glucose detection

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 554-568页

作者： Yexin Pan Ruohan Yu Yalong Jiang Haosong Zhong Qiaoyaxiao Yuan Connie Kong Wai Lee Rongliang Yang Siyu Chen Yi Chen Wing Yan Poon mitch Guijun Li Center on Smart Manufacturing Division of Integrative Systems and DesignThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077People’s Republic of China The Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of Technology Sanya 572000People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200People’s Republic of China

Electronic waste(e-waste)and diabetes are global challenges to modern ***,solving these two challenges together has been challenging until ***,we propose a laser-induced transfer method to fabricate portable glucose sensors by recycling copper from *** bring up a laser-induced full-automatic fabrication method for synthesizing continuous heterogeneous Cu_(x)O(h-Cu_(x)O)nano-skeletons electrode for glucose sensing,offering rapid(d continuous fabrication,applicable to a wide range of Cu-containing *** this approach,h-Cu_(x)O nanoskeletons,with an inner core predominantly composed of Cu_(2)O with lower oxygen content,juxtaposed with an outer layer rich in amorphous Cu_(x)O(a-Cu_(x)O)with higher oxygen content,are derived from discarded printed circuit *** employed in glucose detection,the h-Cu_(x)O nano-skeletons undergo a structural evolution process,transitioning into rigid Cu_(2)O@CuO nano-skeletons prompted by electrochemical *** transformation yields exceptional glucose-sensing performance(sensitivity:9.893 mA mM^(-1) cm^(-2);detection limit:0.34μM),outperforming most previously reported glucose *** functional theory analysis elucidates that the heterogeneous structure facilitates gluconolactone *** glucose detection device has also been downsized to optimize its scalability and portability for convenient integration into people’s everyday lives.

关键词： Copper oxide Electron 3d tomography E-waste Glucose detection Electrochemical activation

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Using accelerometry to compare costs of extended migration in an arctic herbivore

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Current Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 667-674页

作者： mitch d. weegman Stuart BEARHOP Geoff M. HILTON Alyn J. WALSH Larry GRIFFIN Yehezkel S. RESHEFF Ran NATHAN Anthony dAVId Fox Centre for Ecology and Conservation College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Cornwall Campus Penryn TR109EZ UK Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust Slimbridge Gloucester GL2 7BT UK National Parks and Wildlife Service Wexford Wildfowl Reserve North Slob Wexford Ireland Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust Caerlaverock Wetland Centre Eastpark Farm Caerlaverock Durnfriesshire DG1 4RS UK department of Ecology Evolution and Behavior The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel department of Bioscience Aarhus University Kale Grenavej 14 RФnde DK-8410 Denmark Present address: School of Natural Resources University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA.

Understanding how individuals manage costs during the migration period is challenging because individuals are difficult to follow between sites; the advent of hybrid Global Positioning Systemacceleration （ACC） tracking devices enables researchers to link spatial and temporal attributes of avian migration with behavior for the first time ever. We fitted these devices on male Greenland white-fronted geese Anser albifrons flavirostris wintering at 2 sites （Loch Ken, Scotland and Wexford, Ireland） to understand whether birds migrating further during spring fed more on winter- ing and staging areas in advance of migration episodes. Although Irish birds flew significantly further （ca. 300 kin） than Scottish birds during spring, their cumulative hours of migratory flight, flight speed during migration, and overall dynamic body ACC （i.e., a proxy for energy expenditure） were not significantly different. Further, Irish birds did not feed significantly more or expend significantly more energy in advance of migration episodes. These results suggest broad individual plasticity in this species, although Scottish birds arriving on breeding areas in Greenland with greater energy stores （because they migrated less） may be better prepared for food scarcity, which might increase their reproductive success.

关键词： avian migration cost energy expenditure global positioning system-acceleration tracking devices Greenland whitefronted geese individual decision-making proportion of time feeding.

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What if the Global Positioning System didn’t Work?

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Engineering 2019年第6期5卷 985-986页

作者： mitch Leslie Senior Technology Writer

Cargo ships unable to unload would form traffic jams outside of US ports, dramatically slowing the delivery of goods. First responders would take longer to reach fires, accidents, and crime *** phone users would notice more dropped calls and deteriorating service—and then telecommunications networks might *** would need more time to plant their crops. These are just some of the problems that could occur in the United States if the global positioning system (GPS) went down for 30 d, according to a new report commissioned by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The report estimates such a 30-day outage would cost the US economy between $30 billion and $45 billion USd [1].

关键词： outside service networks

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Planning and dosimetric Comparisons of IMRT Lung Cancers with Three Advanced Optimization Algorithms

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2013年第2期2卷 52-60页

作者： Yie Chen Jie Qu Jack Yang mitch Weiss Sang Sim Xiongfei Liao department of Radiation Oncology Beijing Union Hospital Beijing China department of Radiation Oncology Monmouth Medical Center Long Branch USA department of radiation Oncology Sichuan Cancer Hospital Chengdu China

Purpose: To evaluate planning quality and dosimetric differences of clinically deliverable Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy lung plans generated from Tomotherapy, Pinnacle3, and RayStationTM treatment planning systems. Method and Materials: Ten patients diagnosed with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) previously treated with plans on Pinnacle using direct Machine Parameter Optimization were randomly selected and re-planned with Tomotherapy dose volume constraints and same beam geometry with RayStation Multi Criteria Optimization (MCO) equivalent uniform dose (EUd) or dose volume constraints, respectively.? Prescription was established as 60 Gy to cover > 95% of PTV. Planning outcomes such as d95 (95% of volume of PTV receiving the prescribed dose), d5, d33, mean heart and lung doses, V20 (volume of lung receiving 20 Gy), and max cord dose of 1cm3 were evaluated according to our departmental clinical protocols. Conformity index (CI = PTV / prescription isodose volume) and homogeneity index (HI = d5/d95) were also reported simultaneously. All plans were successfully uploaded for delivery verification. Results: Mean volume of calculated PTV was 356 ± 141 cm3. The planning results indicated that CI, HI, d95 and d5 of PTV, V20 of lung, and 1cm3 max cord dose were comparable but with better overall dosimetric distributions with conformity and homogeneity index from Tomotherapy plans in comparison to both Pinnacle and RayStation planning outcomes. Conclusions: Tomotherapy plans achieved better uniform tumor coverage with fewer hot spots while sparing more critical structures with superior dose fall-off. RayStation plans with MCO automatically generated a set of Pareto optimized solutions with given objectives to allow tradeoffs between targets and critical organs and tended to achieve better tumor coverage compared to Pinnacle. All three planning algorithms can generate clinical deliverable IMRT lung plans while Tomotherapy plans provide superior dosimetric indexe

关键词： MCO dMPO Tomotherapy Lung IMRT

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