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Biomass production and carbon stock inventory of high-altitude dry temperate land use systems in North Western Himalaya

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 231-243页

作者： Kafula Chisanga D.R.Bhardwaj nazir A.Pala C.L.Thakur Soil Fertility and Agroforestry Research Zambia Agriculture Research Institute(ZARI)ChilagaZambia Department of Forestry Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya PundibariCooch BeharWBIndia Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry Dr Y.S.Parmar University of Horticulture and ForestryNauniSolanHPIndia

Introduction:Carbon stock estimation in different land use systems is necessary for curbing global climatic *** the present study,high-altitude dry temperate land use systems(LUS)at three altitudinal ranges“A1,1900-2170 m.a.s.l.,A2,2170–2440 m.a.s.l.,and A3,2440–2710 m.a.s.l.”were selected based on lapse rates in Kinnur district of Himachal Pradesh,*** study was aimed at estimating the difference in biomass and carbon stocks in different land use systems and recommendation of the suitable environment-friendly land use for the *** land use systems viz.;agriculture,horticulture,agrihorticulture,agri-horti-silviculture,silvipasture,and barren land common at all the three altitudes were selected for experimental ***:Maximum mean aboveground biomass(84.65 t ha^(−1)),belowground biomass(19.50 t ha^(−1)),and total biomass(104.10 t ha^(−1))were recorded in the silvipasture land use *** biomass production of different land use systems followed the order:silvipasture>agri-horti-silviculture>agrihorticulture>horticulture>agriculture>barren land *** soil organic carbon(1.41%)was recorded in silvipasture land use systems,which however remained statistically at par with the organic carbon contents of *** organic carbon,irrespective of the land use system increased with increase in altitudinal range and decreased with increase in soil *** carbon density(155.77 t ha−1)in 0–100 cm layer was in agri-horticulture *** order of carbon density under different land use systems was agri-horticulture>agri-horti-silviculture>silvipasture>horticulture>agriculture>barren *** of the land use system,the carbon density at different altitudinal gradient followed the trend A1,1900–2170 m.a.s.l.,>A3,2440–2710 m.a.s.l and>A2,2170–2440 ***:The outcome of the study can play an important role,while selecting different land use systems and different crop combinations for effective management o

关键词： Altitude Agroforestry Management Carbon density Mitigation

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Adaptive Runtime Monitoring of Service Level Agreement Violations in Cloud Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4199-4220页

作者： Sami Ullah Khan Babar nazir Muhammad Hanif Akhtar Ali Sardar Alam Usman Habib Department of Computer Science COMSATS UniversityAbbottabad CampusPakistan Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Ghulam Ishaq Khan(GIK)Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology TopiPakistan IFahja Pvt Limited PeshawarPakistan Department of Computer Science National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences IslamabadChiniot-Faisalabad CampusPakistan

The cloud service level agreement(SLA)manage the relationship between service providers and consumers in cloud *** is an integral and critical part of modern era IT vendors and communication *** to low cost and flexibility more and more consumers delegate their tasks to cloud providers,the SLA emerges as a key aspect between the consumers and *** monitoring of Quality of Service(QoS)attributes is required to implement SLAs because of the complex nature of cloud *** other factors,such as user reliability,satisfaction,and penalty on violations are also taken into ***,there is no such policy of cloud SLA monitoring to minimize SLA *** this work,we have proposed a cloud SLA monitoring policy by dividing a monitoring session into two parts,for critical and non-critical *** critical and non-critical parameters will be decided on the interest of the consumer during SLA *** will help to shape a new comprehensive SLA based Proactive Resource Allocation Approach(RPAA)which will monitor SLA at runtime,analyze the SLA parameters and try to find the possibility of SLA *** also have implemented an adaptive system for allocating cloud IT resources based on SLA violations and *** have defined two main components of SLA-PRAA i.e.,(a)Handler and(b)Accounting and Billing *** have also described the function of both components through *** experimental results validate the performance of our proposed method in comparison with state-of-the-art cloud SLA policies.

关键词： Energy consumption penalty calculation proactive resource allocation service level agreement(SLA)monitoring SLA violation detection

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Asset specificity and farmers' intergenerational succession willingness of apple management

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第8期22卷 2553-2566页

作者： ZHANG Qiang-qiang GAO Xi-xi nazir Muhammad ABDULLAHI WANG Yue HUO Xue-xi China Center for Agricultural Policy School of Advanced Agricultural SciencesPeking UniversityBejing 100871P.R.China College of Economics and Management Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China

Understanding the factors behind apple farmers’willingness to pass on the management of their farms to their descendants is crucial to the continuity of apple *** to the high specificity of the human capital,physical assets,land assets,and geographical location in apple production,this study used a binary logistic regression and a mediating effect model to explore the impact of asset specificity on farmers’intergenerational succession willingness of apple management(FISWAM)and to examine the mediating effects of loss aversion in the impact of asset specificity on the *** results showed that about 18.68%of the respondents expressed willingness to transfer their apple business between generations,and the FISWAM was generally *** addition to the negative impact of geographical location specificity(GLS),human capital specificity(HCS),physical assets specificity(PAS),and land assets specificity(LAS)can enhance the *** aversion plays a partial mediating role in the impact of PAS,LAS,and GLS on the FISWAM.

关键词： asset specificity loss aversion apple management intergenerational succession willingness mediating effects examination

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Photocatalysis vs adsorption by metal oxide nanoparticles

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第36期131卷 122-166页

作者： Usman Qumar Jahan Zeb Hassan Rukhsar Ahmad Bhatti Ali Raza Ghazanfar nazir Walid Nabgan Muhammad Ikram Solar Cell Applications Research Lab Department of PhysicsGovernment College University Lahore54000 PunjabPakistan Department of Physics University of Lahore(Chenab Campus)Adjacent Chenab BridgeGujrat50700 PunjabPakistan Department of Physics University of Sialkot(USKT)1-Km Main Daska RoadSialkot51040 PunjabPakistan Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Departament d’Enginyeria Química Universitat Rovira i VirgiliAv Països Catalans 2643007 TarragonaSpain.

Background:Metal oxide(MO)nanomaterials and related nanocomposites have been extensively studied for their potential use in water *** of their controlled morphologies,texture qualities,variable surface chemistry,distinct crystalline nature,high stability,and tunable band edges,MO nanostructured materials are highly selective towards deleting organic contaminants and heavy metal ions via adsorption and semiconductor ***-enhanced photocatalysis has recently received increasing interest,mainly due to the ability of the metal to directly or indirectly degrade pollutants.A diverse selection of MOs,with titanium dioxide(Ti O2),zinc oxide(Zn O),iron oxides(IO),and tungsten(W),as well as graphene-MOs nanocomposites with variable structure,crystalline,and morphological properties,offers a powerful platform for the growth of effective ***:The current work discusses novel advancements and potential for the removal of adsorptive and photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds(phenolic,pesticide molecules,dyes,and so on)as well as heavy metal ions using semiconductor materials.A photocatalyst based on a MO-scheme heterostructure can manage the appropriate conduction band(CB)and valence band(VB)locations,securing considerable redox *** review should be of interest to the broad readership dealing with applied and fundamental aspects of water treatments and material *** strategies including surface modification,plasmonic enhancement,and metal cocatalysts have been introduced to enhance photocatalytic *** findings:The current article discussed the significantly utilized synthesis strategies and mechanism of heterojunction photocatalysts using a ***,adsorption sections guarantee that mercury,chromium,cadmium,arsenic,and lead-based ions are successfully removed from polluted water via the adsorption *** characteristics,such as concentration,coexisting ions,p H,and ki

关键词： Photocatalyst Adsorbate Metal Oxides Z-scheme Surface Modification Heterojunction Semiconductor heterostructures Nanoparticles

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Techno-economic assessment of energy generation through municipal solid waste:a case study for small/medium size districts in Pakistan

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2020年第4期2卷 337-350页

作者： Ubaid Ur Rehman Zia Tanzeel ur Rashid Muzaffar Ali Waqas nazir Awan Sustainable Development Policy Institute IslamabadPakistan Mechanical Engineering Department University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxilaPakistan

There is an increase in annual waste generation due to urbanization,industrialization,and population *** waste management crisis in developing countries and its complexity from region to region has inspired extensive research work in this *** management not only results in environmental hazards,but it also causes significant socio-economic *** to the absence of comprehensive studies on waste to energy(WTE)assessment,this study assesses and reports the merits of alternative technologies for converting WTE in small and medium-size *** analysis for waste collection data in this study uses a pilot study approach to provide useful insights and waste classification.A cantonment district of Pakistan(Wah Cantt)has been used as a case study for performing a technological and economic assessment of energy generation through the use of thermal and biological treatment processes.A mathematical modeling approach has been adopted for generating an economic value of each technology through which this waste can be ***,the levelized cost of energy(LCOE)based assessment has been performed to provide a methodological framework for selecting the most feasible WTE technology in a small or medium-size *** on the model results,anaerobic digestion appears to be the most sustainable technology due to the organic nature of waste in Wah Cantt,land legislation,and availability of area to install a waste *** all the waste collected,the district can generate approximately 14.4 MW of energy through thermal treatment,19,110 m^(3) of daily biogas through anaerobic digestion,and 5 million tons of fertilizer through ***,if a proper supply chain is established for converting a portion of Pakistan’s annual waste generation,a significant amount of waste energy potential can be restored.

关键词： Municipal solid waste Waste to energy Levelized cost of energy Technological assessment Economic assessment

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Automatic Eyewitness Identification During Disasters by Forming a Feature-Word Dictionary

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 4755-4769页

作者： Shahzad nazir Muhammad Asif Shahbaz Ahmad Hanan Aljuaid Shahbaz Ahmad Yazeed Ghadi Zubair nawaz Department of Computer Science National Textile UniversityFaisalabadPakistan Computer Sciences Department College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University(PNU)P.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering and Computer Science Al Ain UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Data Science University of the PunjabPakistan

Social media provide digitally interactional technologies to facilitate information sharing and exchanging ***,in case of disasters,a massive corpus is placed on platforms such as *** accounts can benefit humanitarian organizations and agencies,but identifying the eyewitness Tweets related to the disaster from millions of Tweets is *** approaches have been developed to address this kind of *** recent state-of-the-art system was based on a manually created dictionary and this approach was further refined by introducing linguistic ***,these approaches suffer from limitations as they are dataset-dependent and not *** this paper,we proposed a method to identify eyewitnesses from *** experiment,we utilized 13 features discovered by the pioneer of this domain and can classify the tweets to determine the *** each feature,a dictionary of words was created with the Word Dictionary Maker algorithm,which is the crucial contribution of this *** algorithm inputs some terms relevant to a specific feature for its initialization and then creates the words ***,keyword matching for each feature in tweets is *** a feature exists in a tweet,it is termed as 1;otherwise,***,for 13 features,we created a file that reflects features in each *** classify the tweets based on features,Naïve Bayes,Random Forest,and Neural Network were *** approach was implemented on different disasters like earthquakes,floods,hurricanes,and Forest *** results were compared with the state-of-the-art linguistic rule-based system with 0.81 F-measure *** the same time,the proposed approach gained a 0.88 value of *** results were comparable as the proposed approach is not ***,it can be used for the identification of eyewitness accounts.

关键词： Word dictionary social media eyewitness identification disasters

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Design of a gap tunable flux qubit with FastHenry

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第12期25卷 179-182页

作者： Naheed Akhtar 郑亚锐 Mudassar nazir 吴玉林邓辉郑东宁朱晓波 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

In the preparations of superconducting qubits, circuit design is a vital process because the parameters and layout of the circuit not only determine the way we address the qubits, but also strongly affect the qubit coherence properties. One of the most important circuit parameters, which needs to be carefully designed, is the mutual inductance among different parts of a superconducting circuit. In this paper we demonstrate how to design a gap-tunable flux qubit by layout design and inductance extraction using a fast field solver FastHenry. The energy spectrum of the gap-tunable flux qubit shows that the measured parameters are close to the design values.

关键词： superconducting circuit Josephson junction flux qubit FastHenry

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Quantized structuring of transparent films with femtosecond laser interference

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 291-297页

作者： Kitty Kumar Kenneth KC Lee Jianzhao Li Jun Nogami nazir P Kherani Peter R Herman Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoCanada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoCanada

The confinement of laser interactions inside transparent materials assisted by tight optical focusing and short-pulsed nonlinear interactions has driven many high-resolution patterning and probing applications in science and *** thin transparent films,laser interactions confined to the film/substrate interface have underpinned blistering and ejection processes for nanofluidic channel fabrication,film patterning and cell ***,we harness femtosecond lasers to drive nonlinear interactions within Fabry–Perot interference fringes to define narrow nanolength scale zones for highly resolved internal structuring of a film of refractive index,nfilm,at fringe maxima separated by l/*** novel interaction internally cleaves the film to open subwavelength internal cavities and form thin membranes at single or multiple depths from which follow significant opportunities for writing multilevel nanofluidic channels inside the film,as well as ejecting nanodisks at quantized film depths for coloring and three-dimensional surface patterning that promise new compact types of lab-in-film devices.

关键词： blistering dielectrics laser processing quantized etching subwavelength processing thin filmsblistering dielectrics laser processing quantized etching subwavelength processing thin films

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On Computer Implementation for Comparison of Inverse Numerical Schemes for Non-Linear Equations

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第3期36卷 493-507页

作者： Mudassir Shams Naila Rafiq nazir Ahmad Mir Babar Ahmad Saqib Abbasi Mutee-Ur-Rehman Kayani Department of Mathematics and Statistics Riphah International UniversityI-14Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics NUMLIslamabadPakistan Department of Mathematics Comsats UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan

In this research article,we interrogate two new modifications in inverse Weierstrass iterative method for estimating all roots of non-linear equation *** modifications enables us to accelerate the convergence order of inverse Weierstrass method from 2 to *** analysis proves that the orders of convergence of the two newly constructed inverse methods are *** computer algebra system Mathematica,we find the lower bound of the convergence order and verify it *** planes of the inverse simultaneous methods and classical iterative methods are generated using MATLAB(R2011b),to present the global convergence properties of inverse simultaneous iterative methods as compared to classical *** non-linear models are taken from Physics,Chemistry and engineering to demonstrate the performance and efficiency of the newly constructed *** CPU time,and residual graphs of the methods are provided to present the dominance behavior of our newly constructed methods as compared to existing inverse and classical simultaneous iterative methods in the literature.

关键词： Non-linear equation inverse iterative method simultaneous method basins of attraction lower bound of convergence

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Modeling and Verification of Aircraft Takeoff Through Novel Quantum Nets

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3331-3348页

作者： Maryam Jamal nazir Ahmad Zafar Atta-ur-Rahman Dhiaa Musleh Mohammed A.Gollapalli Sghaier Chabani School of Systems and Technology University of Management&Technology(UMT)C-II Block C 2 Phase 1 Johar TownLahore54770PunjabPakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad–Sahiwal CampusSahiwal57000PunjabPakistan Department of Computer Science(CS) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(IAU)Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information System(CIS) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(IAU)Dammam31441Saudi Arabia

The formal modeling and verification of aircraft takeoff is a challenge because it is a complex safety-critical *** task of aircraft takeoff is distributed amongst various computer-based controllers,however,with the growing malicious threats a secure communication between aircraft and controllers becomes highly *** research serves as a starting point for integration of BB84 quantum protocol with petri nets for secure modeling and verification of takeoff *** integrated model combines the BB84 quantum cryptographic protocol with powerful verification tool support offered by petri *** model certain important properties of BB84,a new variant of petri nets coined as Quantum Nets are proposed by defining their mathematical foundations and overall system dynamics,furthermore,some important system properties are also abstractly *** proposed QuantumNets are then applied for modeling of aircraft takeoff process by defining three quantum nets:namely aircraft,runway controller and gate *** authentication between quantum nets,the use of external places and transitions is demonstrated to describe the encryptiondecryption process of qubits ***,the developed takeoff quantum network is verified through simulation offered by colored petri-net(CPN)***,reachability tree(RT)analysis is also performed to have greater confidence in feasibility and correctness of the proposed aircraft takeoff model through the Quantum Nets.

关键词： Aircraft takeoff BB84 quantum cryptography petri-nets quantum nets formal modeling and verification

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