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Modeling of aggregation kernels for fluidized beds using discrete particle model simulations

Particuology 2014年第2期12卷 134-144页

作者： Nageswara Rao Narni mirko peglow Gerald Warnecke Jitendra Kumar Stefan Heinriche J.A.M.Kuipers Department of Mathematics Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge TechnologiesGachibowliHyderabad 500032India Institute for Process Engineering Otto-von-Guericke-University MagdeburgUniversitatsplatz 2D-39106 MagdeburgGermany Institute for Analysis and Numerics Otto-von-Guericke-University MagdeburgUniversitatsplatz 2D-39106 MagdeburgGermany Department of Mathematics ⅡT KharagpurIndia Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle TechnologyHamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Eindhoven University of Technology-SMR P.O.Box 5135600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands

Aggregation is one of the many important processes in chemical and process engineering. Several researchers have attempted to understand this complex process in fluidized beds using the macro-model of population balance equations （PBEs）. The aggregation kernel is an effective parameter in PBEs, and is defined as the product of the aggregation efficiency and collision frequency functions. Attempts to derive this kernel have taken different approaches, including theoretical, experimental, and empirical techniques. The present paper calculates the aggregation kernel using micro-model computer simulations, i.e., a discrete particle model. We simulate the micro-model without aggregation for various initial conditions, and observe that the collision frequency function is in good agreement with the shear kernel. We then simulate the micro-model with aggregation and calculate the aggregation efficiency rate.

关键词： Aggregation kernelsMulti-phase flowCollision frequency functionAggregation efficiency rateBed parameter

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显著威胁生命事件的流行病学研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 16-16页

作者： Kiechl-KohlendorferU. Hof D. peglow U.P. 张振 Department of Paediatrics Division of Neonatology Innsbruck University Hospital Anichstrasse 35 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria Prof.

Aims: To investigate the epidemiology and risk factors of apparent life threatening events (ALTE). Methods: A prospective study enrolled all live-born infants in the Tyrol (1993-2001) . Information on pregnancy, sociodemographic characteristics, child care practices, and infant’ s behaviour in the first four to six weeks of life was collected with a standardised questionnaire, and was available for 44 184 infants. ALTE was identified from hospital admission records. Results: During the study period 164 ALTE cases were identified, corresponding to an incidence of 2.46/ 1000 live births. In 73 of these infants no cause for the event and no comorbidity could be found (idiopathic ALTE). On average ALTE manifested ten weeks earlier than SIDS. Of various SIDS risk factors in the survey area, the prone sleeping position, smoking during pregnancy, low gestational age, profuse night sweating, and family history of infant death showed a moderate relation to the risk of overall ALTE, but only smoking maintained significance in the multivariate risk model. None of these variables was associated with idiopathic ALTE. In contrast to SIDS the frequency of ALTE did not change during the study period. None of the ALTE infants experienced SIDS later in life. Behavioural abnormalities such as feeding difficulties, episodes of pallor, cyanotic episodes, and repeated apnoea episodes were strongly associated with an increased risk of overall and idiopathic ALTE. Conclusions: Although there are some similarities in the clinical presentation and epidemiology of SIDS and ALTE, differences clearly predominate. Accordingly, ALTE and SIDS should not be considered different manifestations of the same disease process.

关键词：流行病学研究活产儿 ALTE 有效病例反复呼吸暂停共病现象社会人口学蒂罗尔出生后行为异常

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