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Differential Expression of Genes Related to Fruit Development and Capsaicinoids Synthesis in Habanero Pepper Plants Grown in Contrasting Soil Types

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第2期93卷 151-183页

作者： Eduardo Burgos-Valencia Federico García-Laynes Ileana echevarría-Machado Fatima Medina-Lara miriam Monforte-González JoséNarváez-Zapata Manuel Martínez-Estévez Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas Centro de Investigación Científica de YucatánCalle 43#130Chuburnáde HidalgoMéridaYucatán97205México Instituto Politécnico Nacional-Centro de Biotecnología Genómica Blvd Del Maestro esq.Elias PiñaReynosaTamaulipas88710México

Habanero pepper(Capsicum chinense Jacq.)is a crop of economic relevance in the Peninsula of Yucatan.Its fruits have a high level of capsaicinoids compared to peppers grown in other regions of the world,which gives them industrial importance.Soil is an important factor that affects pepper development,nutritional quality,and capsaicinoid content.However,the effect of soil type on fruit development and capsaicinoid metabolism has been little understood.This work aimed to compare the effect of soils with contrasting characteristics,black soil(BS)and red soil(RS),on the expression of genes related to the development of fruits,and capsaicinoid synthesis using a transcriptomic analysis of the habanero pepper fruits.Plants growing in RS had bigger fruits and higher expression of genes related to floral development,fruit abscission,and softening which suggests that RS stimulates fruit development from early stages until maturation stages.Fruits from plants growing in BS had enrichment in metabolic pathways related to growth,sugars,and photosynthesis.Besides,these fruits had higher capsaicinoid accumulation at 25 days post-anthesis,and higher expression of genes related to the branched-chain amino acids metabolism(ketol-acid reductisomerase KARI),pentose phosphate pathway and production of NADPH(glucose-6-phosphate-1-dehydrogenase G6PDH),and proteasome and vesicular traffic in cells(26S proteasome regulatory subunit T4 RPT4),which suggest that BS is better in the early stimulation of pathways related to the nutritional quality and capsaicinoid metabolism in the fruits.

关键词： Capsicum chinense jacq soil types plant growth environmental conditions fruit quality capsaicinoid metabolism transcriptome

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Phosphate-activated glutaminase activity is enhanced in brain, intestine and kidneys of rats following portacaval anastomosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第15期12卷 2406-2411页

作者： Manuel Romero-Gómez María Jover Daniel Díaz-Gómez Laura Collantes de Terán Regina Rodrigo Inés Camacho Miriam Echevarría Vicente Felipo Juan D Bautista Unit for the Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases Hospital Universitario de Valme SevillaSpain Department of Biochemistry Bromatology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of SevilleSpain Laboratory of Neurobiology Fundación Valenciana de Investigaciones Biomédicas ValenciaSpain Biochemistry Unit Hospital Universitario de Valme SevillaSpain Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Departament of Physiology University of SevilleSpain Laboratory of Neurobiology Fundación Valenciana de Investigaciones Biomédicas ValenciaSpain

瞄准：估计在老鼠的门腔静脉吻合(PCA ) 是否在肾影响蛋白质表示或谷酰胺酶的活动，肠并且在外皮的三个大脑区域，基础轧了神经胶质和小脑并且解释在肝的脑病发现的神经病学的改变(他) 。方法：称 250-350 g 的十六只男 Wistar 老鼠被... 详细信息

瞄准：估计在老鼠的门腔静脉吻合(PCA ) 是否在肾影响蛋白质表示或谷酰胺酶的活动，肠并且在外皮的三个大脑区域，基础轧了神经胶质和小脑并且解释在肝的脑病发现的神经病学的改变(他) 。方法：称 250-350 g 的十六只男 Wistar 老鼠被组织进假冒操作的控制(n=8 ) 或 portacaval (n=8 ) 。在过程以后的 28 天，动物被牺牲。十二指肠，肾和大脑被移开， homogenised 和线粒体被孤立。氨在大脑和血被测量。激活磷酸盐的谷酰胺酶(PAG ) 活动被与 O-phthalaldehyde (OPA ) 和每蛋白质(蛋白质的 mukat/g ) 的克以单位表示的特殊活动在 37 摄氏度测量氨生产追随者孵化一个小时决定。蛋白质表示被弄污的免疫测量。结果：十二指肠并且和蛋白质内容的肾 PAG 活动比在 PCA 组是显著地更高的在控制或假冒操作老鼠(十二指肠 PAG 活动是在 PCA 老鼠对在假冒操作老鼠的蛋白质的 429.19+/-126.92mukat/g 的蛋白质的 976.95+/-268.87 mukat/g；肾 PAG 活动是在 PCA 老鼠对在控制的蛋白质的 669.67+/-400.8 mukat/g 的 1259.18+/-228.79 mukat/g 蛋白质， P<0.05；十二指肠的蛋白质内容：173% 在 PCA 对假冒操作老鼠；在肾，蛋白质的内容在 PCA 对假冒操作老鼠是 152%) 。在 PCA 老鼠的 PAG 活动和蛋白质表示在外皮是更高的并且基础在假冒操作老鼠比那些轧了神经胶质(外皮：蛋白质的 6646.6+/-1870.4 mukat/g 对在控制老鼠的蛋白质的 3573.8+/-2037.4 mukat/g， P<0.01；基础轧了神经胶质， PAG 活动是在 PCA 老鼠对在假冒的操作老鼠的蛋白质的 2271.2+/-384 mukat/g 的蛋白质的 3657.3+/-1469.6 mukat/g， P<0.05；在小脑，分别地， PAG 活动是蛋白质的 2471.6+/-701.4 mukat/g 对在 PCA 和假冒的老鼠的蛋白质的 1452.9+/-567.8 mukat/g P<0.05；蛋白质的内容：大脑皮质：162%+/-40% 对 100%+/-26% ， P<0.009；并且基础轧了神经胶质：140%+/-39% 对 100%+/-14% ， P<0.05；然而并非在里面小脑：100%+/-25% 对 100%+/-16% ， P=ns ) 。结论：在肾和十二指肠的增加的 PAG 活动能在 PCA 老鼠显著地作出贡献到 hyperammonaemia，脑病的动物模型。PAG 从外皮在 non-synaptic 线粒体被增加并且基础轧了神经胶质并且能在肝的脑病的致病被含有。因此， PAG 能是为处理的一个可能的目标他或肝机能障碍。

关键词：磷酸谷氨酰胺酶酶活性脑疾病门腔静脉吻合术

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Geometric morphometrics of mandibles for dietary differentiation of Bovidae(Mammalia:Artiodactyla)

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 237-249页

作者： Bian WANG miriam ZELDITCH Catherine BADGLEY Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109-1005USA Museum of Paleontology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109-1085USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109-1085USA

The mammalian family Bovidae has been widely studied in ecomorphological research,with important applications to paleoecological and paleohabitat reconstructions.Most studies of bovid craniomandibular features in relation to diet have used linear measurements.In this study,we conduct landmark-based geometric-morphometric analyses to evaluate whether different dietary groups can be distinguished by mandibular morphology.Our analysis includes data for 100 species of extant bovids,covering all bovid tribes and 2 dietary classifications.For the first classification with 3 feeding categories,we found that browsers(including frugivores),mixed feeders,and grazers are moderately well separated using mandibular shape.A finer dietary classification(frugivore,browser,browser-grazer intermediate,generalist,variable grazer,and obligate grazer)proved to be more useful for differentiating dietary extremes(frugivores and obligate grazers)but performed equally or less well for other groups.Notably,frugivorous bovids,which belong in tribe Cephalophini,have a distinct mandibular shape that is readily distinguished from all other dietary groups,yielding a 100%correct classification rate from jackknife cross-validation.The main differences in mandibular shape found among dietary groups are related to the functional needs of species during forage prehension and mastication.Compared with browsers,both frugivores and grazers have mandibles that are adapted for higher biomechanical demand of chewing.Additionally,frugivore mandibles are adapted for selective cropping.Our results call for more work on the feeding ecology and functional morphology of frugivores and offer an approach for reconstructing the diet of extinct bovids.

关键词： ecomorphology frugivory geometric morphometrics herbivory paleoecology

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Neuroprotection of the inner retina:Müller cells and lactate

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第10期13卷 1741-1742页

作者： Rupali Vohra miriam Kolko Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology University of Copenhagen Department of Ophthalmology Copenhagen University Hospital

Müller cells：The neglected neighbor：Müller cells constitute the majority of retinal glial cells and offer more alternating functions than any other cell of the retina.Uniquely,Müller cells cover the complete thickness of the retina,and their roles therefore differ correspondingly to the retinal segment in which they are located.In the inner retina,Müller cells are crucial in taking up toxic molecules,such as excessive.

关键词： In GPR Neuroprotection of the inner retina:M ller cells and lactate

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Method of directly defining the inverse mapping applied to prostate cancer immunotherapy --Mathematical model

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第5期11卷 233-254页

作者： Ophir Nave miriam Elbaz Department of Mathematics Jerusalem College of Technology (JCT) Hava'ad Haleumi 21 Jerusalem Israel

In this paper, we apply the method of directly defining the inverse mapping introduced by Liao and Zhao [On the method of directly defining inverse mapping for nonlinear differential equations, Numer. Algorithms72(4) (2016) 989–1020] to the problem of prostate cancer immunotherapy. We extend this method in two directions: first, we apply the method to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equation, and second, we propose a new technique for finding the base functions in the considered algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词：免疫疗法前列腺定义数学模型癌症微分方程非线性算法

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New transcriptomic insights in two RNAi wheat lines with the gliadins strongly down-regulated by two endosperm specific promoters

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The Crop Journal 2022年第1期10卷 194-203页

作者： miriam Marín-Sanz Julio CMasaru Iehisa Francisco Barro Department of Plant Breeding Institute of Sustainable Agriculture(IAS)Spanish Council for Scientific Research(CSIC)14004 CórdobaSpain Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Chemical SciencesNational University of Asunción111421 San LorenzoParaguay

The gluten proteins of wheat grain are responsible for visco-elastic properties of flour,but they also trigger the immune-response of celiac disease.In this work,two low-gliadin RNA interference(RNAi)wheat lines that differ for the promoter driving the silencing(D-hordein andγ-gliadin promoters for D783 and D793 lines,respectively),were characterized at transcriptomic,and protein fraction levels in the grain.Silencing of gliadins provides a readjustment in the grain protein fractions that also affects to the nongluten proteins(NGP),which were increased in both RNAi lines.Determination of wheat gluten by means of the R5 monoclonal antibody also showed a strong reduction in the content of gluten in both RNAi lines.Moreover,fructans,an oligosaccharide linked with the development of non-celiac wheat sensitivity(NCWS)were also significantly decreased in RNAi lines.The down-regulation of gliadins fractions also impacts to other metabolic processes,particularly on carbohydrate metabolism,enzyme regulator activity and response to stress.Genes and transcription factors regulated by ABA were up-regulated,which could suggest the implication of this phytohormone on the stress response observed in the RNAi lines.

关键词： Celiac disease Gliadin Protein compensation RNAi lines Triticum aestivum

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美国领导人的国外经验及其对外交政策的影响

美国领导人的国外经验及其对外交政策的影响

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作者： miriam Gochnauer 上海外国语大学

学位级别：硕士

本文探讨了美国领导人上任前的外国经验与美国外交政策之间的关系。在自由主义和政治心理学的理论基础上,个案领导者对国家政策的影响就是一个案例。审查美国外交政策形成背后的权力和程序以及掌握这些权力和控制这些程序的领导者,以便... 详细信息

本文探讨了美国领导人上任前的外国经验与美国外交政策之间的关系。在自由主义和政治心理学的理论基础上,个案领导者对国家政策的影响就是一个案例。审查美国外交政策形成背后的权力和程序以及掌握这些权力和控制这些程序的领导者,以便为该研究的原始数据库创建基础。从国家开始到现在,为美国总统,国务卿和国防部长收集了数据。这些数据包括个人领导人在就职前的外国经历信息,这些信息按经验类型（住所,军队,政府,商业,出国留学和快乐）进行细分。这些数据随着时间的推移参照美国外交政策进行了分析,并显示了美国外交政策趋势与美国领导人国际经验之间的相关性。

关键词：美国外交政策领导人总统国务卿国防部长

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Availability of basic life support courses for the general populations in India, Nigeria and the United Kingdom: An internet-based analysis

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2020年第3期11卷 133-139页

作者： Alexei Birkun Fatima Trunkwala Adhish Gautam miriam Okoroanyanwu Adesokan Oyewumi Department of Anaesthesiology Resuscitation and Emergency MedicineMedical Academy named after S.I.Georgievsky of V.I.Vernadsky Crimean Federal University295051Lenin Blvd5/7SimferopolRussian Federation

BACKGROUND:The number of lay people willing to attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)in real life is increased by effective education in basic life support(BLS).However,little is known about access of general public to BLS training across the globe.This study aimed to investigate availability and key features of BLS courses proposed for lay people in India,Nigeria and the United Kingdom(UK).METHODS:A Google search was done in December 2018,using English keywords relevant for community resuscitation training.Ongoing courses addressing BLS and suitable for any adult layperson were included in the analysis.On-site training courses were limited to those provided within the country's territory.RESULTS:A total of 53,29 and 208 eligible courses were found for India,Nigeria and the UK,respectively.In the UK,the number of courses per 10 million population(31.5)is 79 and 21 times higher than that in India(0.4)and Nigeria(1.5).Course geography is limited to 28%states and one union territory in India,30%states and the Federal Capital Territory in Nigeria.In the UK,the training is offered in all constituent countries,with the highest prevalence in England.Courses are predominantly classroom-based,highly variable in duration,group size and instructors'qualifications.For India and Nigeria,mean cost of participation is exceeding the monthly minimum wage.CONCLUSION:In contrast to the UK,the availability and accessibility of BLS courses are critically limited in India and Nigeria,necessitating immediate interventions to optimize community CPR training and improve bystander CPR rates.

关键词： Basic life support Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Courses Training India Nigeria United Kingdom

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Phytolith evidence for human-plant subsistence in Yahuai Cave(Guangxi, South China) over the past 30000 years

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第11期63卷 1745-1757页

作者： Yan WU Guangmao XIE Limi MAO Zhijun ZHAO miriam BELMAKER Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044China College of History Culture and TourismGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541001China Guangxi Institute of Cultural Relic Protection and Archaeology Nanning 530022China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Institute of Archaeology Chinese Academy of Social SciencesBeijing 100710China Department of Anthropology University of TulsaTulsaOklahoma 74104USA

South China preserves a rich archaeological record elucidating the evolution of early modern humans during the Late Pleistocene.However,few studies on plant utilization were conducted in this region.We used phytolith analysis from Yahuai Cave,Guangxi,to infer human use of plant resources over the past 30000 years.AMS 14C dating was used to constrain the chronological framework.Results indicate that several economically essential species were present throughout the sequence including Urticineae(cf.Ulmus sp.),which appears in the lower layers of the sequence(Marine Isotope Stage 3 through Heinrich 1);bamboo and palm which appear throughout the sequence,and wild rice which appears in a clear archaeological context dating to 16000 years ago.This is the earliest record of wild rice in South China and a prerequisite for rice domestication.The unique stone tool assemblages,which resemble those in north China as opposed to South China,point to the possibility that humans,seeking refuge from the colder north,brought their tool kit with them and utilized familiar northern taxa.Warmer South China would have served as a refuge for human populations escaping the cold,harsh climate in the north with more ameliorate conditions in the south.

关键词： Phytolith Wild rice South China Bamboo Late Pleistocene

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The Synaptonemal Complex of Basal Metazoan Hydra:More Similarities to Vertebrate than Invertebrate Meiosis Model Organisms

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2014年第3期41卷 107-115页

作者： Johanna Fraune miriam Wiesner Ricardo Benavente Department of Cell and Developmental Biology BiocenterUniversity of Würzburg

The synaptonemal complex （SC） is an evolutionarily well-conserved structure that mediates chromosome synapsis during prophase of the first meiotic division. Although its structure is conserved, the characterized protein components in the current metazoan meiosis model systems （Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Mus musculus） show no sequence homology, challenging the question of a single evolutionary origin of the SC. However, our recent studies revealed the monophyletic origin of the mammalian SC protein components. Many of them being ancient in Metazoa and already present in the cnidarian Hydra. Remarkably, a comparison between different model systems disclosed a great similarity between the SC components of Hydra and mammals while the proteins of the ecdysozoan systems （D. rnelanogaster and C. elegans） differ significantly. In this review, we introduce the basal-branching metazoan species Hydra as a potential novel invertebrate model system for meiosis research and particularly for the investigation of SC evolution, function and assembly. Also, available methods for SC research in Hydra are summarized.

关键词： Meiosis Synaptonemal complex Hydra Evolution

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