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Impact of deforestation on habitat connectivity thresholds for large carnivores in tropical forests

Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 214-224页

作者： miriam a.zemanova Humberto L.Perotto-Baldivieso Emily L.Dickins Andrew B.Gill John P.Leonard David B.Wester School of Energy Environment and AgrifoodCranfield UniversityCranfield MK430ALUK Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of BernBaltzerstrasse 63012 BernSwitzerland Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute Texas A&M University-Kingsville700 University Blvd.MSC 218KingsvilleTX 78363USA Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene MorenoAvenida Irala 565Santa Cruz de la SierraBolivia Hensmans Farm Nearton EndSwanbourne MK170SLUK Cape Eleuthera Institute EleutheraBahamas

Introduction:Deforestation significantly impacts large carnivores that depend on large tracts of interconnected forest habitat and that are sensitive to human *** the relationship between habitat use and spatial distribution of such species across human modified landscapes is critical when planning effective conservation *** study assessed the presence of potential landscape connectivity thresholds resulting from habitat fragmentation associated with different deforestation patterns using a scale-based approach that links species-specific home ranges with the extent of anthropogenic *** objectives were(1)to quantify the spatial and temporal distribution of natural vegetation for five common deforestation patterns and(2)to evaluate the connectivity associated with these patterns and the existence of potential thresholds affecting jaguar *** Bolivian lowlands,located within jaguar conservation units,were analysed with landscape metrics to capture the spatial and temporal changes within deforested areas and to determine potential impact on jaguar connectivity and connectivity thresholds for ***:Over the period of 1976–2005,the amount of natural vegetation has decreased by more than 40%in all locations with the biggest changes occurring between 1991 and *** spatial structure around jaguar locations showed that jaguars used areas with mean proportion of natural areas=83.14%(SE=3.72%),mean patch density=1.16 patches/100 ha(SE=0.28 patches/100 ha),mean patch area=616.95 ha(SE=172.89 ha)and mean edge density=705.27 m/ha(SE=182.19 m/ha).We observed strong fragmentation processes in all study locations,which has resulted in the connectivity of jaguar habitat decreasing to<20%by 2005.A connectivity threshold zone was observed when the proportion of natural vegetation was less than 58.4%(SE=1.3).Conclusions:Assessing fragmentation and connectivity for carnivores within the extent of human-modified la

关键词： Bolivian lowlands Habitat fragmentation Landscape metrics Panthera onca Threshold

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