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Radiology education in Europe: Analysis of results from 22 European countries

World Journal of Radiology 2017年第2期9卷 55-62页

作者： Bhavya Rehani Yi C Zhang Madan M Rehani András Palkó Lawrence Lau miriam n mikhail lette William P Dillon Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Department of Radiology University of Szeged Consultant Diagnostic Radiologist RAD-AID International

AIMTo assess the state of radiology education across Europe by means of a survey *** comprehensive 23-item radiology survey was distributed via email to the International Society of Radiology members, national radiological societies, radiologists and medical physicists. Reminders to complete the survey were sent and the results were analyzed over a period of 4 mo (January-April 2016). Survey questions include length of medical school and residency training; availability of fellowship and subspecialty training; number of residency programs in each country; accreditation pathways; research training; and medical physics education. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and summarize *** residency training ranges from 2-6 years with a median of 5 years, and follows 1 year of internship training in 55% (12 out of 22) European countries. Subspecialty fellowship training is offered in 55% (12 out of 22) European countries. Availability for specialization training by national societies is limited to eight countries. For nearly all respondents, less than fifty percent of radiologists travel abroad for specialization. nine of 22 (41%) European countries have research requirements during residency. The types of certifying exam show variation where 64% (14 out of 22) European countries require both written and oral boards, 23% (5 out of 22) require oral examinations only, and 5% (1 out of 22) require written examinations only. A degree in medical physics is offered in 59% (13 out of 22) European countries and is predominantly taught by medical physicists. nearly all respondents report that formal examinations in medical physics are *** learning experiences across the continent will help guide the development of comprehensive yet pragmatic infrastructures for radiology education and collaborations in radiology education worldwide.

关键词： Radiology education European radiology survey Radiology training Residency Radiology research

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Resilience to structural and molecular changes in excitatory synapses in the hippocampus contributes to cognitive function recovery in Tg2576 mice

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2068-2074页

作者： Carolina Aguado Sara Badesso JoséMartínez-Hernández Alejandro Martín-Belmonte Rocío Alfaro-Ruiz miriam Fernández Ana Esther Moreno-Martínez Mar Cuadrado-Tejedor Ana García-Osta Rafael Luján Synaptic Structure Laboratory Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas(IDINE)Department of Medical SciencesFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Castilla-La ManchaCampus BiosanitarioAlbaceteSpain Gene Therapy for neurological Disease Program Center for Applied Medical Research(CIMA)University of NavarraInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra(IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain Pharmacology Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain neuropharmacology and Pain Group Neuroscience ProgramInstitut d’InvestigacióBiomèdica de BellvitgeIDIBELLL’Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain Department of Pathology Anatomy and PhysiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain UniversitéGrenoble Alpes Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance

Plaques of amyloid-β(Aβ)and neurofibrillary tangles are the main pathological characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,some older adult people with AD pathological hallmarks can retain cognitive *** the factors that lead to this cognitive resilience to AD offers promising prospects for identifying new therapeutic *** hypothesis focuses on the contribution of resilience to changes in excitatory synapses at the structural and molecular levels,which may underlie healthy cognitive performance in aged AD *** the Morris Water Maze test,we selected resilient(asymptomatic)and cognitively impaired aged Tg2576 *** the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed similar levels of Aβ42 in both experimental groups,western blot analysis revealed differences in tau pathology in the pre-synaptic supernatant *** further investigate the density of synapses in the hippocampus of 16-18 month-old Tg2576 mice,we employed stereological and electron microscopic *** findings indicated a decrease in the density of excitatory synapses in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampal CA1 in cognitively impaired Tg2576 mice compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic ***,through quantitative immunoelectron microscopy in the hippocampus of impaired and resilient Tg2576 transgenic AD mice,we uncovered differences in the subcellular localization of glutamate ***,the density of GluA1,GluA2/3,and mGlu5 in spines and dendritic shafts of CA1 pyramidal cells in impaired Tg2576 mice was significantly reduced compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic ***,the density of GluA2/3 in resilient Tg2576 mice was significantly increased in spines but not in dendritic shafts compared with impaired Tg2576 and non-transgenic *** subcellular findings strongly support the hypothesis that dendritic spine plasticity and synaptic machinery in the hippocampus play cr

关键词： aging Alzheimer´s disease cognitive hippocampus immunoelectron microscopy resilience synapse

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Impact of STAT-signaling pathway on cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer and its role in immunosuppression

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1705-1724页

作者： Damián Sánchez-Ramírez Mónica G Mendoza-Rodríguez Omar R Alemán Fernando A Candanedo-González miriam Rodríguez-Sosa Juan JoséMontesinos-Montesinos Mauricio Salcedo Ismael Brito-Toledo Felipe Vaca-Paniagua Luis I Terrazas Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoTlalnepantla 54090Estado de MexicoMexico Department of Biology Facultad de QuimicaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaMexico City 04510Mexico Department of Pathology National Medical Center Century XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Laboratorio de Células Troncales Mesenquimales Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades OncológicasHospital de Oncología Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina y Oncologia Genomica Instituto Mexciano del Seguro SocialMexico City 07300Mexico Servicio de Colon y Recto Hospital de Oncología Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Laboratorio nacional en Salud Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla 54090Estado de MexicoMexico

Colorectal cancer(CRC)remains one of the most commonly diagnosed and deadliest types of cancer *** displays a desmoplastic reaction(DR)that has been inversely associated with poor prognosis;less DR is associated with a better *** reaction generates excessive connective tissue,in which cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are critical cells that form a part of the tumor *** are directly involved in tumorigenesis through different ***,their role in immunosuppression in CRC is not well understood,and the precise role of signal transducers and activators of transcription(STATs)in mediating CAF activity in CRC remains *** the myriad chemical and biological factors that affect CAFs,different cytokines mediate their function by activating STAT signaling ***,the harmful effects of CAFs in favoring tumor growth and invasion may be modulated using STAT ***,we analyze the impact of different STATs on CAF activity and their immunoregulatory role.

关键词： Cancer-associated fibroblasts Signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling Colorectal cancer Immunity Immunosuppression

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Biomass gasification,catalytic technologies and energy integration for production of circular methanol:new horizons for industry decarbonisation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 306-318页

作者： Luis F.Bobadilla Lola Azancot miriam González-Castañ Estela Ruíz-López Laura Pastor-Pérez Francisco J.Durán-Olivencia Runping Ye Katie Chong Paula HBlanco-Sánchez Zenthao Wu Tomás R.Reina JoséA.Odriozola Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de SevillaAvda.Américo Vespucio 49Sevilla 41092Spain Departamento de Ingeniería Universidad Loyola AndalucíaAvda.de Las Universidades s/nSevilla 41704Spain Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute(EBRI) Aston UniversityBirminghamB47ETUnited Kingdom Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUnited Kingdom

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)recognises the pivotal role of renewable energies in the future energy system and the achievement of the zero-emission *** implementation of renewables should provide major opportunities and enable a more secure and decentralised energy supply *** fuels provide long-term solutions for the transport sector,particularly for applications where fuels with high energy density are *** addition,it helps reducing the carbon footprint of these sectors in the *** on biomass characteristics feedstock is essential for scaling-up gasification from the laboratory to *** review deals with the transformation biogenic residues into a valuable bioenergy carrier like biomethanol as the liquid sunshine based on the combination of modified mature technologies such as gasification with other innovative solutions such as membranes and microchannel *** abatement is a critical process in product gas upgrading since tars compromise downstream processes and equipment,for this,membrane technology for upgrading syngas quality is discussed in this *** reactor technology with the design of state-of-the-art multifunctional catalysts provides a path to develop decentralised biomethanol synthesis from biogenic ***,the development of a process chain for the production of(i)methanol as an intermediate energy carrier,(ii)electricity and(iii)heat for decentralised applications based on biomass feedstock flexible gasification,gas upgrading and methanol synthesis is analysed.

关键词： Biogenic residues Gasification Biomethanol Circular Economy Microreactors

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Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among patients with esophageal carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第29期30卷 3479-3487页

作者： miriam López-Gómez Maria Morales Rebeca Fuerte Marta Muñoz Pedro-David Delgado-López Jorge Francisco Gómez-Cerezo Enrique Casado Department of Medical Oncology Precision Oncology LaboratoryInfanta Sofía University HospitalSan Sebastián de los Reyes 28231MadridSpain Department of Medical Oncology Infanta Sofía University HospitalSan Sebastián de los Reyes 28702Spain Department of Internal Medicine Infanta Sofía University HospitalSan Sebastián de los Reyes 28703MadridSpain Department of Pathology Infanta Sofía University HospitalSan Sebastián de los Reyes 28702Spain Department of neurosurgery Burgos University HospitalBurgos 09006Spain Department of Internal Medicine Infanta Sofía University Hospital and Henares University Hospital Foundation for Biomedical Research and InnovationSan Sebastian de los Reyes 28702MadridSpain Department of Medical Oncology Infanta Sofia University Hospital and Henares University Hospital Foundation for Biomedical Research and InnovationSan Sebastian de los Reyes 28702MadridSpain

BACKGROUnD Helicobacter pylori(***)is a widespread microorganism related to gastric adenocarcinoma(AC).In contrast,it has been reported that an inverse association exists between *** infection and esophageal *** mechanisms underlying this supposedly protective effect remain *** To determine the prevalence of *** infection in esophageal carcinoma patients,we performed a retrospective observational study of esophageal tumors diagnosed in our *** We retrospectively reviewed the prevalence of *** infection in a cohort of patients diagnosed with esophageal *** or previous proton pump inhibitor(PPI)usage was also *** A total of 89 patients with esophageal carcinoma(69 males,77.5%),with a mean age of 66 years(range,26-93 years)were *** was the most frequent pathological variant(n=47,52.8%),followed by squamous cell carcinoma(n=37,41.6%).Fourteen ACs(29.8%)originated in the gastroesophageal junction and 33(70.2%)in the esophageal ***,54 patients(60.7%)presented at stages III and *** *** infection occurred only in 4 patients(4.5%),3 with AC(6.3%of all ACs)and 1 with squamous cell carcinoma(2.7%of all squamous cell tumors).All patients with previous *** infection had stage *** one patient had received prior *** eradication therapy,whereas 86(96.6%)had received previous or concomitant PPI *** In our cohort of patients,and after histologic evaluation of paraffin-embedded primary tumors,we found a very low prevalence of previous *** *** also reviewed the medical history of the patients,concluding that the majority had received or were on PPI *** minimal prevalence of *** infection found in this cohort of patients with esophageal carcinoma suggests a protective role.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Eradication Esophageal tumor Dysbiosis Proton pump inhibitors Carcinogenesis Microbiota Incidence

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Differential Expression of Genes Related to Fruit Development and Capsaicinoids Synthesis in Habanero Pepper Plants Grown in Contrasting Soil Types

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第2期93卷 151-183页

作者： Eduardo Burgos-Valencia Federico García-Laynes Ileana Echevarría-Machado Fatima Medina-Lara miriam Monforte-González Josénarváez-Zapata Manuel Martínez-Estévez Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas Centro de Investigación Científica de YucatánCalle 43#130Chuburnáde HidalgoMéridaYucatán97205México Instituto Politécnico nacional-Centro de Biotecnología Genómica Blvd Del Maestro esq.Elias PiñaReynosaTamaulipas88710México

Habanero pepper(Capsicum chinense Jacq.)is a crop of economic relevance in the Peninsula of *** fruits have a high level of capsaicinoids compared to peppers grown in other regions of the world,which gives them industrial *** is an important factor that affects pepper development,nutritional quality,and capsaicinoid ***,the effect of soil type on fruit development and capsaicinoid metabolism has been little *** work aimed to compare the effect of soils with contrasting characteristics,black soil(BS)and red soil(RS),on the expression of genes related to the development of fruits,and capsaicinoid synthesis using a transcriptomic analysis of the habanero pepper *** growing in RS had bigger fruits and higher expression of genes related to floral development,fruit abscission,and softening which suggests that RS stimulates fruit development from early stages until maturation *** from plants growing in BS had enrichment in metabolic pathways related to growth,sugars,and ***,these fruits had higher capsaicinoid accumulation at 25 days post-anthesis,and higher expression of genes related to the branched-chain amino acids metabolism(ketol-acid reductisomerase KARI),pentose phosphate pathway and production of nADPH(glucose-6-phosphate-1-dehydrogenase G6PDH),and proteasome and vesicular traffic in cells(26S proteasome regulatory subunit T4 RPT4),which suggest that BS is better in the early stimulation of pathways related to the nutritional quality and capsaicinoid metabolism in the fruits.

关键词： Capsicum chinense jacq soil types plant growth environmental conditions fruit quality capsaicinoid metabolism transcriptome

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Physical activity and amyloid beta in middle-aged and older adults:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 133-144页

作者： María Rodriguez-Ayllon Patricio Solis-Urra Cristina Arroyo-ávila miriam álvarez-Ortega Pablo Molina-García Cristina Molina-Hidalgo Manuel Gómez-Río Belinda Brown Kirk I.Erickson Irene Esteban-Cornejo Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamGD 3015the Netherlands Department of Physical Education and Sports Faculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute(iMUDS)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Faculty of Education and Social Sciences Universidad Andres BelloVina del Mar 2531015Chile Department of nuclear Medicine Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalInstitute of Biosanitary Research of Granada(IBS)Granada 18014Spain Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalInstitute of Biosanitary Research of Granada(IBS)Granada 18014Spain Department of Psychology University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA Centre for Healthy Ageing Health Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia Advent Health Research Institute Neuroscience Institute OrlandoOrlandoFL 32803USA Physiopathology of Obesity and nutrition Research Center(CIBERobn) Institute of Health Carlos Ⅲ(ISCⅢ)Madrid 28029Spain

Background:One of the pathological hallmarks distinguishing Alzheimer’s disease from other dementias is the accumulation of amyloid beta(Aβ).Higher physical activity is associated with decreased dementia risk,and one potential path could be through Aβlevels *** aimed to explore the relationship between physical activity and Aβin middle-aged and older ***:A systematic search of PubMed,Web of Science,PsycInFO,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and SPORTDiscus was performed from inception to April 28,*** were eligible if they included physical activity and Aβdata in adults aged 45 years or ***-level metaanalyses of intervention and observational studies were performed to examine the role of physical activity in modulating Aβ***:In total,37 articles were included(8 randomized controlled trials,3 non-randomized controlled trials,4 prospective longitudinal studies,and 22 cross-sectional studies).The overall effect size of physical activity interventions on changes in blood Aβwas medium(pooled standardized mean difference=-0.69,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.41 to 0.03;I^(2)=74.6%).However,these results were not statistically significant,and there were not enough studies to explore the effects of physical activity on cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and brain Aβ.Data from observational studies were examined based on measurements of Aβin the brain using positron emission tomography scans,CSF,and *** physical activity was positively associated with Aβonly in the CSF(Estimate r=0.12;95%CI:0.05-0.18;I^(2)=38.00%).Conclusion:Physical activity might moderately reduce blood Aβin middle-aged and older ***,results were only near statistical significance and might be interpreted with caution given the methodological limitations observed in some of the included *** observational studies,higher levels of physical activity were positively associated with Aβonly in ***,further research is needed t

关键词： Aging Cognitive impairment Dementia Exercise PET

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Multi-tissue transcriptomics of a unique monozygotic discordant twin case of severe progressive osseous heteroplasia

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 22-25页

作者： Alberto Gomez-Carballa Maria Jose Curras-Tuala Sara Pischedda miriam Cebey-Lopez Jose Gomez-Rial Irene Rivero-Cale Jacobo Pardo-seco Xabier Bello Sandra Viz-Lasheras Antonio Justicia-Grande Julian Montoto-Louzao Alba Camino-Mera Isabel Ferreiros-Vidal Maximo Fraga Jose RAntunez Rodolfo Gomez Federico Martinon-Torres Antonio Salas Genetics Vaccines and Infections Research Group(GENVIP)Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de SantiagoSantiagode CompostelaGalicia 15706Spain Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department of PediatricsHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Laboratorio de Inmunologia Servicio de Andlisis ClinicosHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Unidade de Xenetica Instituto de Ciencias Forenses(INCIFOR)Facultade de MedicinaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostelaand GenPoB Research GroupInstituto de Investigacion SanitariaHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Musculoskeletal Pathology Group Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de SantiagoServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Santiago de CompostelaGalicia 15706Spain Department of Pathology Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Unidad Integrada de BiobancosBiomodelos 3D y Modelos Animales IDIS(lnstituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiagode Compostela)Galicia15706Spain Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBER-ES) MadridSpain

Progressive osseous heteroplasia(POH)is an ultra-rare autosomal dominant disabling disorder characterized by heterotopic ossification(HO).It is caused by heterozygous inactivating mutations in the GnAS(guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-stimulating activity polypeptide)***,the molecular mechanisms underlying HO remain poorly *** a treatment for POH is not yet available,the identification of the mechanisms driving POH in affected tissues using gene expression may be of great help to underestand the molecular basis of POH and develop new therapeutic approaches.

关键词： stimulating driving asi

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new transcriptomic insights in two RnAi wheat lines with the gliadins strongly down-regulated by two endosperm specific promoters

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The Crop Journal 2022年第1期10卷 194-203页

作者： miriam Marín-Sanz Julio CMasaru Iehisa Francisco Barro Department of Plant Breeding Institute of Sustainable Agriculture(IAS)Spanish Council for Scientific Research(CSIC)14004 CórdobaSpain Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Chemical SciencesNational University of Asunción111421 San LorenzoParaguay

The gluten proteins of wheat grain are responsible for visco-elastic properties of flour,but they also trigger the immune-response of celiac *** this work,two low-gliadin RnA interference(RnAi)wheat lines that differ for the promoter driving the silencing(D-hordein andγ-gliadin promoters for D783 and D793 lines,respectively),were characterized at transcriptomic,and protein fraction levels in the *** of gliadins provides a readjustment in the grain protein fractions that also affects to the nongluten proteins(nGP),which were increased in both RnAi *** of wheat gluten by means of the R5 monoclonal antibody also showed a strong reduction in the content of gluten in both RnAi ***,fructans,an oligosaccharide linked with the development of non-celiac wheat sensitivity(nCWS)were also significantly decreased in RnAi *** down-regulation of gliadins fractions also impacts to other metabolic processes,particularly on carbohydrate metabolism,enzyme regulator activity and response to *** and transcription factors regulated by ABA were up-regulated,which could suggest the implication of this phytohormone on the stress response observed in the RnAi lines.

关键词： Celiac disease Gliadin Protein compensation RnAi lines Triticum aestivum

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An Ontology Based Cyclone Tracks Classification Using SWRL Reasoning and SVM

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第3期44卷 2323-2336页

作者： n.Vanitha C.R.Rene Robin D.Doreen Hephzibah miriam Sri Sai Ram Engineering College Chennai600044TamilnaduIndia Director of Computational Intelligence Research Foundation Chennai600023TamilnaduIndia

Tropical cyclones(TC)are often associated with severe weather conditions which cause great losses to lives and *** precise classification of cyclone tracks is significantly important in thefield of weather *** this paper we propose a novel hybrid model that integrates ontology and Support Vector Machine(SVM)to classify the tropical cyclone tracks into four types of classes namely straight,quasi-straight,curving and sinuous based on the track *** Cyclone TRacks Ontology(TCTRO)described in this paper is a knowledge base which comprises of classes,objects and data properties that represent the interaction among the TC characteristics.A set of SWRL(Semantic Web Rule Language)rules are directly inserted to the TCTRO ontology for reasoning and inferring new knowledge from ***,we propose a learning algorithm which utilizes the inferred knowledge for optimizing the feature *** to experiments on the IBTrACS dataset,the proposed ontology based SVM classifier achieves an accuracy of 98.3%with reduced classification error rates.

关键词： Tropical cyclones classification support vector machine ontology SWRL reasoning SVM classification

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