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C-Reactive Protein as a Triage Test in Guiding Who Should Get a Confirmatory Test for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnosis among Adults: A Case-Control Proof-of-Concept Study from Urban Tanzania

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2022年第1期10卷 28-44页

作者： Evarist Chiweka Thomas Maroa Hosiana Temba Joseph Ponera Sharifa Athumani Lujeko Kamwela Mohamed Sasamalo Rastard Naftari mirambi tito Francis Mhimbira Jerry Hella Ifakara Health Institute Dar es Salaam Tanzania Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology Arusha Tanzania

Background: The current screening tools for tuberculosis (TB) are inadequate resulting in insufficient TB case detection and continued community transmission of TB. As the world is geared into finding missing TB cases, new strategies are called for to aid in rapid identification of TB cases. This study aimed to evaluate the role C-reactive protein (CRP) in triaging patients to get a definitive test for active pulmonary TB diagnosis in urban Tanzania. Methods: A case-control study was conducted among pulmonary TB (PTB) patients and contacts without active PTB. The diagnosis of PTB was performed using GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay and culture. Blood was collected from cases and controls for measuring CRP levels during recruitment. We compared socio-demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory parameters obtained during recruitment and performed diagnostic accuracy analyses for CRP. Results: Out of all 193 study participants who were involved in final analysis, 147 (76.2%) were males. Pulmonary TB cases had significantly lower median BMI than controls (median 17.4 kg/m2 [IQR: 15.8 - 19.2 kg/m2] vs., 24.9 kg/m2 [IQR: 22.1 - 28.5 kg/m2), p < 0.001). There was no statistical difference in prevalence of HIV between PTB cases and controls i.e., 13.33% vs., 11.7%, p = 0.48. CRP was significantly higher in PTB cases vs., controls (median 67.8 mg/L, [IQR: 36.5 - 116.9 mg/L] vs., 1.55 mg/L, [IQR: 0.59 - 6.0 mg/L], p = 0.003). Furthermore, CRP at cut-off ≥10 mg/L was associated with best combination of sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve of 89.9%, 95% CI: 82.2 - 95.0, 80.9%, CI: 71.4 - 88.2 and 0.85, 95% CI: 0.80 - 0.90 respectively. A multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for fever, night sweats and body mass index showed that CRP above 10 mg/L was significantly associated with PTB, aOR 5.2, 95% CI 1.2 - 22.8. Conclusions: CRP at cut-off ≥10 mg/L can be used to screen pulmonary TB. These findings can be used

关键词： C-Reactive Protein Pulmonary Tuberculosis Screening Temeke Tanzania

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Factors Impacting Benefits of Participatory Forest Management in Upper Imenti Forest, Meru County, Kenya

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第3期14卷 183-196页

作者： Josephine Kamene Musyoki Lamech Felix Mogambi Ming’ate Joseph Muriithi Mbuvi tito Edward Musingo Joram Kagombe Kenya Forestry Research Institute Nairobi Kenya Department of Environmental Studies and Community Development Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya

This study focused on identifying factors affecting the benefits of Participatory Forestry Management (PFM) income generating activities in Upper Imenti Forest and whether they are dependent on status of participation in forest management through membership of Community Forest Association (CFA) or not. Cross-sectional survey research design was applied for collecting quantitative data using a semi-structured questionnaire administered to 384 households stratified on the basis of PFM participation status. Qualitative data was collected through focused group discussions using a checklist and key informant interviews using an interview schedule. Using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25, Binomial regression with Wald Chi-square was analyzed to identify factors perceived to be significantly influencing benefits for PFM participants and Pearson Chi-square to compare factors perceived to be affecting PFM and non-PFM participants. CFA members participation in PFM was significantly and positively affected by benefits of PFM income generating activities and forest products accessed in the forest. Benefits linked to Plantation Establishment for Livelihood Improvement System (PELIS) for CFA members were significantly reduced by enforcement of moratorium policy since February 2018, diseases and pests, poor PELIS guideline adherence and animal damage. Benefits related to state forest access for firewood by the CFA members were negatively influenced by the moratorium policy. Diseases and pests affected benefits associated with bee keeping significantly. Comparing factors under different PFM participation status, crop production was significantly affected by policy changes, pest and diseases, animal damage and PELIS guideline adherence for CFA members than for Non-CFA members. Policy changes also affected the CFA members significantly in firewood collection and access to fodder in the state forest than the Non-CFA members. Hence, sustainable community participation

关键词： Participatory Forest Management Community Forest Association Sustainable Community Participation Access to Forest Products Moratorium Policy Income Generating Activities

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The Role of Microtubules in Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Oncology 1

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丛书名： Cancer Drug Discovery and Development

2008年

作者： tito Fojo

ISBN: (数字)9781597453363

ISBN: (纸本)9781588292940;9781627038614

Microtubule Targets in Cancer Therapy presents the first comprehensive exploration of the dynamic potential of microtubules anti-cancer targets. Written by leading anti-cancer researchers, this groundbreaking volume collects the most current microtubule research available. Among the topics examined in this volume are compounds that interact with tubulin, mechanisms and regulation by microtubule-associated proteins and drugs, MAPs, the tubulin superfamily its isotopes, peptides and depsipeptides, and neurodegenerative diseases

关键词： Cancer Biology Oncology Pharmacology Medicinal Chemistry

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Comparative Evaluation of Machine Learning Models and Input Feature Space for Non-intrusive Load Monitoring

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第5期9卷 1161-1171页

作者： Attique Ur Rehman Tek Tjing Lie Brice Valles Shafiqur Rahman tito Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Auckland University of TechnologyAucklandNew Zealand Brice Valles Consulting AucklandNew Zealand School of Engineering and Trades Manukau Institute of TechnologyAucklandNew Zealand

Recent advancement in computational capabilities has accelerated the research and development of non-intrusive load ***-intrusive load monitoring(NILM)offers many promising applications in the context of energy efficiency and *** classification is a key component of NILM that relies on different artificial intelligence techniques,e.g.,machine *** study employs different machine learning models for load classification and presents a comprehensive performance evaluation of the employed models along with their comparative ***,this study also analyzes the role of input feature space dimensionality in the context of classification *** the above purposes,an event-based NILM methodology is presented and comprehensive digital simulation studies are carried out on a low sampling real-world electricity load acquired from four different *** on the presented analysis,it is concluded that the presented methodology yields promising results and the employed machine learning models generalize well for the invisible diverse testing *** multi-layer perceptron learning model based on the neural network approach emerges as the most promising ***,it is also noted that it significantly facilitates the classification performance by reducing the input feature space dimensionality.

关键词： Machine learning model load feature non-intrusive load monitoring(NILM) comparative evaluation

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Parallel evolution of fish bi-modal breathing and expansion of olfactory receptor(OR)genes:toward a universal ORs nomenclature

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遗传学报:英文版 2023年第8期50卷 600-610页

作者： Liliana Silva tito Mendes Luana Ramos Guojie Zhang Agostinho Antunes CIIMAR/CIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental ResearchUniversity of PortoTerminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de LeixõesAv.General Norton de Matoss/n4450-208PortoPortugal Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of PortoRua do Campo Alegre4169-007PortoPortugal Villum Centre for Biodiversity Genomics Section for Ecology and EvolutionDepartment of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenDK-2100 CopenhagenDenmark BGI-Shenzhen Beishan Industrial ZoneShenzhenGuangdong 518083China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China

Olfactory receptors(ORs)play a key role in the prime sensorial perception,being highly relevant for intra/interspecific *** are a subgroup of G-protein coupled receptors that exhibit highly complex subgenomes in ***,OR repertoires remain poorly studied in fish lineages,precluding finely retracing their origin,evolution,and diversification,especially in the most basal ***,we conduct an exhaustive gene screening upon 43 high-quality fish genomes exhibiting varied gene repertoires(2e583 genes).While the early vertebrates performed gas exchange through gills,we hypothesize that the emergence of new breathing structures(swim bladder and paired lungs)in early osteichthyans may be associated with expansions in the ORs gene families sensitive to airborne ***,we verify that the OR repertoire of moderns actinopterygians has not increased as expected following a whole genome duplication,likely due to regulatory mechanisms compensating the gene load ***,we identify 25 distinct OR families,allowing us to propose an updated universal nomenclature for the fish ORs.

关键词： Fish OR repertoires Updated ORs nomenclature ORs expansion Bi-modal breathing WGD and ORs diversification

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The Negative and Positive Effect of Rice Shortages and Surplus on the Liberia Economy:a Case Study of the United Commodities Incorporated(UCI)

The Negative and Positive Effect of Rice Shortages and Surpl...

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作者： tito Abbasdavies 山东大学

学位级别：硕士

本文研究了大米短缺和过剩对利比里亚经济的影响,并以联合商品公司(UCI)为例进行了研究。该研究使用定性和定量研究方法来分析利比里亚大米短缺和过剩的经济、社会和政治影响。通过对现有文献的分析、对主要利益相关者的采访和数据分析... 详细信息

本文研究了大米短缺和过剩对利比里亚经济的影响,并以联合商品公司(UCI)为例进行了研究。该研究使用定性和定量研究方法来分析利比里亚大米短缺和过剩的经济、社会和政治影响。通过对现有文献的分析、对主要利益相关者的采访和数据分析,论文发现,大米短缺对利比里亚的粮食安全、价格和健康结果产生了负面影响,而大米过剩则会对当地农民和社区产生积极影响。该研究还强调了 UCI在利比里亚大米市场中的作用,以及它为应对大米短缺和过剩的挑战所做的努力。然而,过度依赖大米作为主要作物以及农业部门缺乏多样化,仍然是利比里亚长期经济增长的主要挑战。论文最后为政策制定者和利益攸关方提供了建议,以改善利比里亚大米短缺和过剩的管理,重点是促进可持续的大米生产和分配系统。

关键词：大米短缺过剩生产和分配 UCI

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Analysis of Sucre’s Benefits for the Bolivian External Sector

Analysis of Sucre’s Benefits for the Bolivian External Sect...

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作者： tito Lamas Gabriel 苏州大学

学位级别：硕士

After the Second World War, the US dollar had become the world’s dominant payment mechanism for international trade transactions;in Latin America, politicians developed an alternative to replace this method of payment:SUCRE （Unified System for Regional Compensation）. These politicians promote SUCRE mentioning the benefits it has, this thesis verifies whether these politicians tell the truth or lie. But nevertheless, the main purpose of this thesis is to analyze quantitatively if SUCRE brings or not benefits for the Bolivian External Sector during2012;the process to achieve this goal is carried out by collecting the exiting data and information, using accounting interpretation, statistics, equation solving and arithmetical calculations;in this way, it will be measured whether SUCRE improved or worsened the Reserve Assets, the seigniorage level （US dollar seigniorage will be calculated with the Standard Method）, and the procedures for the importer. Summarizing the content, throughout the thesis;it will be understood how SUCRE works;the benefits it has for the Bolivian External Sector;the challenges and recommendations for the Regional Monetary Council, Bolivian government, exporters and importers;and the resulting positive conclusion.

关键词：美元政客推动玻利维亚对外部门

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Non-invasive load-shed authentication model for demand response applications assisted by event-based non-intrusive load monitoring

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第1期3卷 180-191页

作者： Attique Ur Rehman Tek Tjing Lie Brice Valls Shafiqur Rahman tito School of Engineering Computerand Mathematical SciencesAuckland University of TechnologyNew Zealand Brice Valles Consulting New Zealand School of Professional Engineering Manukau Institute of TechnologyNew Zealand

With today’s growth of prosumers and renewable energy resources,it is inevitable to incorporate the demand-side approaches for reliable and sustainable grid *** this context,demand response is a promising technique facilitating the consumers to play a substantial role in the energy market by altering their energy consumption patterns in times of peak demand or other critical ***,effective demand response deployment faces numerous challenges including trust deficit among the concerned *** paper addresses the mentioned issue by proposing a non-invasive load-shed authentication model for demand response applications,assisted by an improved event-based non-intrusive load monitoring *** the said purposes,an improved event detection algorithm and machine learning model:support vector machine with a combination of genetic algorithm and GridSearchCV,is *** paper also presents a comprehensive real-world case study to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model in a real-life *** the given context,all the simulations are carried out on low sampling real-world load measurements:Pecan Street-Dataport,where electric vehicle and air conditioning are employed as potential load elements for evaluation *** on the presented case study and analysis of the results,it is established that the presented improved event-based non-intrusive load monitoring approach yields promising performance in the context of multi-class ***,it is also concluded that the proposed low sampling event-based non-intrusive load monitoring assisted non-invasive load-shed authentication model is a viable and promising solution for the effective implementation of demand response applications.

关键词： Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring Load-Shed Authentication Demand Response Machine Learning Model Genetic Algorithm Energy Efficiency

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The role of surface functionalization of silica nanoparticles for bioimaging

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2016年第4期9卷 11-26页

作者： Maria C.Gomes Angela Cunha tito Trindade João P.C.Tome QOPNA University of Aveiro 3810-193 AveiroPortugal CICECO and Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro 3810-193 AveiroPortugal CESAM and Department of Biology University of Aveiro 3810-193 AveiroPortugal Centro de Quimica Estrutural Instituto Superior Tecnico Universidade de LisboaAv.Rovisco Pais1049-001 LisboaPortugal Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Ghent University B-9000 Gent Belgium

Among the several types of inorganic nanoparticles available,silica nanoparticles(SNP)have earned their relevance in biological applications namely,as bioimaging *** fact,uorescent SNP(FSNP)have been explored in this-eld as protective nanocarriers,overcoming some limitations presented by conventional organic dyes such as high photobleaching rates.A crucial aspect on the use of uorescent SNP relates to their surface properties,since it determines the extent of interaction between nanoparticles and biological systems,namely in terms of colloidal stability in water,cellular recognition and internalization,tracking,biodistribution and speci-city,among ***,it is imperative to understand the mechanisms underlying the interaction between biosystems and the SNP surfaces,making surface functionalization a relevant step in order to take full advantage of particle *** versatility of the surface chemistry on silica platforms,together with the intrinsic hydrophilicity and biocompatibility,make these systems suitable for bioimaging applications,such as those mentioned in this review.

关键词： Fluorescent silica nanoparticles bioimaging surface functionalization nanoparticlecell interactions.

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Management of bone metastases in renal cell carcinoma: bone-targeted treatments, systemic therapies, and radiotherapy

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2021年第1期7卷 628-639页

作者： AndréMansinho Priscila Nejo tito Leitão Sandra Casimiro Luís Costa Serviço de Oncologia Médica Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa NorteHospital de Santa MariaLisboa 1649-035Portugal Luis Costa Laboratory Instituto de Medicina MolecularFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaLisboa 1649-035Portugal Instituto Português de Oncologia Lisboa Francisco Gentil Lisboa 1649-035Portugal Urology Department Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa NorteHospital de Santa MariaLisboa 1649-035Portugal

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)presents with bone metastases in around 20%-30%of patients enrolled in the most recent first-line clinical *** of several new agents in first line,in both monotherapy and combination,has significantly improved patient ***,the activity of such agents on bone metastases is unclear and management of these patients is complex,due to potential complications that can significantly impair quality of *** review addresses mRCC diagnosis and monitoring and summarizes the current evidence on systemic therapy,ablative therapies such as stereotactic ablative radiotherapy and surgery,and supportive therapy with bone-targeting agents for these patients,with the goal of improving their outcomes.

关键词： Bone metastases renal cell carcinoma bone targeted treatments radiotherapy systemic therapy

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