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COVID-19 strict lockdown impact on urban air quality and atmospheric temperature in four megacities of India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 279-290页

作者： Subodh Chandra Pal Indrajit Chowdhuri Asish saha Manoranjan Ghosh Paramita Roy Biswajit Das Rabin Chakrabortty Manisa Shit Department of Geography The University of BurdwanBardhaman713104West BengalIndia Center for Rural Development and Innovative Sustainable Technology Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWest Bengal721302India India Smart Cities Fellow National Institute of Urban AffairsNew Delhi110003India Department of Geography Raiganj UniversityRaiganjUttar Dinajpur733134West BengalIndia

COVID-19 pandemic has forced to lockdown entire India starting from 24th March 2020 to 14th April 2020(first phase), extended up to 3rd May 2020(second phase), and further extended up to 17th May 2020(third phase) with limited relaxation in non-hotspot areas. This strict lockdown has severely curtailed human activity across India. Here, aerosol concentrations of particular matters(PM) i.e., PM,PM, carbon monoxide(CO), nitrogen dioxide(NO), sulphur dioxide(SO), ammonia(NH) and ozone(O), and associated temperature fluctuation in four megacities(Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Chennai)from different regions of India were investigated. In this pandemic period, air temperature of Delhi,Kolkata, Mumbai and Chennai has decreased about 3 ℃, 2.5 ℃, 2 ℃ and 2 ℃ respectively. Compared to previous years and pre-lockdown period, air pollutants level and aerosol concentration(-41.91%,-37.13%,-54.94% and-46.79% respectively for Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai) in these four megacities has improved drastically during this lockdown period. Emission of PMhas experienced the highest decrease in these megacities, which directly shows the positive impact of restricted vehicular movement. Restricted emissions produce encouraging results in terms of urban air quality and temperature, which may encourage policymakers to consider it in terms of environmental sustainability.

关键词： COVID-19 Aerosol Air pollutant Climate Megacity

Tilapia Lake Virus(TiLV)disease:Current status of understanding

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第1期7卷 7-17页

作者： Nilav Aich Anirban Paul Tanmoy Gon Choudhury Himadri saha Department of Fisheries Government of TripuraTripura799006India ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture KausalyagangaBhubaneswar751002India Department of Aquatic Health&Environment College of FisheriesCentral Agricultural University(Imphal)LembucherraTripura799210India

Tilapia Lake Virus(TiLV)disease is an emerging and transboundary disease of tilapia cultures,causing mortality up to 90%*** is a negative sense single stranded RNA virus belongs to family Amnoonviridae,genus Tilapinevirus and species Tilapia *** first TiLV outbreak to fishes was reported from Israel followed by other countries viz.,Ecuador,Colombia,Egypt,Thailand,Chinese Taipei,India,Malaysia,Bangladesh,Uganda,Tanzania,Peru,Mexico,Philippines,Indonesia,and *** the life stages of Tilapia(belonging to the family Cichlidae)are vulnerable to TiLV ***,river barb and giant gourami have also been found susceptible to TiLV *** virus infects the vital organs of the fish,including eyes,brain,and *** notable pathological finding of this disease includes syncytial cell formation and massive hepatocellular necrosis with pyknotic and karyolytic nuclei in the liver cells of infected *** disease is very contagious and spreads through both horizontal and vertical *** sensitive and rapid molecular diagnostic tools like reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),RT-quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR),loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)have been developed for early detection of the *** date,no comprehensive control measures have been developed throughout the globe,although aggressive work on this line is going *** of strict good management practices,including quarantine protocols,are the only available option to combat the outbreak and spread of the *** review emphasizes the etiology,occurrence and distribution,mode of transmission,pathology and pathogenesis,diagnosis,possible control measures,and challenges of TiLV disease.

关键词： Co-habitation Diagnosis Tilapinevirus Syncytial Tilapia lake virus

Enhancing modelling accuracy of cascaded spline adaptive filters using the remora optimisation algorithm: application to real-time systems

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第11期25卷 1515-1535页

作者： Janjanam, Lakshminarayana saha, Suman Kumar Kar, Rajib JNTUK Recognized Research Center Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Sasi Institute of Technology & Engineering Tadepalligudem India Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Raipur India Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Durgapur India

We first introduce a new approach for optimising a cascaded spline adaptive filter (CSAF) to identify unknown nonlinear systems by using a meta-heuristic optimisation algorithm (MOA). The CSAF architecture combines Hammerstein and Wiener systems, where the nonlinear blocks are implemented with the spline network. The algorithms used optimise the weights of the spline interpolation function and linear filter by using an adequately weighted cost function, leading to improved filter stability, steady state performance, and guaranteed convergence to globally optimal solutions. We investigate two CSAF architectures: Hammerstein–Wiener SAF (HW-SAF) and Wiener–Hammerstein SAF (WH-SAF) structures. These architectures have been designed using gradient-based approaches which are inefficient due to poor convergence speed, and produce suboptimal solutions in a Gaussian noise environment. To avert these difficulties, we estimate the design parameters of the CSAF architecture using four independent MOAs: differential evolution (DE), brainstorm optimisation (BSO), multi-verse optimiser (MVO), and a recently proposed remora optimisation algorithm (ROA). In ROA, the remora factor’s control parameters produce near-global optimal parameters with a higher convergence speed. ROA also ensures the most balanced exploration and exploitation phases compared to DE-, BSO-, and MVO-based design approaches. Finally, the identification results of three numerical and industry-specific benchmark systems, including coupled electric drives, a thermic wall, and a continuous stirred tank reactor, are presented to emphasise the effectiveness of the ROA-based CSAF design.

关键词： Cascaded spline adaptive filter Nonlinear system identification Remora optimisation algorithm

Ultra-small amorphous MoS2 decorated reduced graphene oxide for supercapacitor application

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第5期40卷 196-203页

作者： Poulami Hota Milon Miah Saptasree Bose Diptiman Dinda Uttam K.Ghorai Yan-Kuin Su Shyamal K.saha Department of Materials Science Indian Association for the Cultivation of ScienceJadavpurKolkata700032India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul151-744Republic of Korea Department of Industrial Chemistry and Applied Chemistry Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandira and Swami Vivekananda Research CenterBelur MathHowrah711202India Green Energy Technology Research Center Kun Shan UniversityTainanTaiwanChina

Amorphous materials have recently gained much attention as electrode materials in supercapacitor application due to the presence of larger amount active sites which can efficiently increase the storage capacity of the *** engineering is an elegant approach to fully utilize the advantages of the amorphous ***,large surface area and high conductivity of reduced graphene oxide(RGO)can efficiently increase the storage capacity of the *** this idea,in the present work,we have successfully synthesized amorphous MoS2 of two different sizes on reduced graphene oxide and thoroughly investigated the supercapacitor behavior of the *** specific capacitance of the composite structures has been found to be largely increased with decreasing size of the amorphous nano *** specific capacitance of amorphous MoS2-RGO composite containing nearly 50 nm of MoS2 found to be 270 F/g whereas when the particle size is reduced to 5–7 nm,value of specific capacitance increases to 460 F/*** large increase in specific capacitance with the tuning of the size of amorphous nano particle has been explained by the presence of a large number of active sulfur edges of ultra-small MoS2 nano structure along with the better charge transport which can effectively increase the storage capacity of the overall *** retention in the capacitance of the material has been found to be 90%after 5000 cycles.

关键词： Supercapacitor Ultrasmall amorphous MoS2 nanoparticles Sulfur edge sites Reduced graphene oxide(RGO) Specific capacitance

Cellular automata basedmulti-bit stuck-at fault diagnosis for resistive memory

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022年第7期23卷 1110-1126页

作者： Sutapa SARKAR Biplab Kumar SIKDAR Mousumi saha Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Seacom Engineering CollegeHowrahWest Bengal 711302India Department of Computer Science and Technology Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyHowrahWest Bengal 711103India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of TechnologyDurgapurWest Bengal 713209India

This paper presents a group-based dynamic stuck-at fault diagnosis scheme intended for resistive randomaccess memory(ReRAM).Traditional static random-access memory,dynamic random-access memory,NAND,and NOR flash memory are limited by their scalability,power,package density,and so ***-generation memory types like ReRAMs are considered to have various advantages such as high package density,non-volatility,scalability,and low power consumption,but cell reliability has been a *** memory operation is caused by permanent stuck-at faults due to extensive use of write-or memory-intensive *** increased number of stuck-at faults also prematurely limit chip ***,a cellular automaton(CA)based dynamic stuck-at fault-tolerant design is proposed here to combat unreliable cell functioning and variable cell lifetime issues.A scalable,block-level fault diagnosis and recovery scheme is introduced to ensure readable data despite multi-bit stuck-at *** scheme is a novel approach because its goal is to remove all the restrictions on the number and nature of stuck-at faults in general fault *** proposed scheme is based on Wolfram’s null boundary and periodic boundary CA *** special classes of CAs are introduced for 100%fault tolerance:single-lengthcycle single-attractor cellular automata(SACAs),single-length-cycle two-attractor cellular automata(TACAs),and single-length-cycle multiple-attractor cellular automata(MACAs).The target micro-architectural unit is designed with optimal space overhead.

关键词： Resistive memory Cell reliability Stuck-at fault diagnosis Single-length-cycle single-attractor cellular automata Single-length-cycle two-attractor cellular automata Single-length-cycle multiple-attractor cellular automata

Probing Electrocatalytic CO_(2) Reduction at Individual Cu Nanostructures via Optically Targeted Electrochemical Cell Microscopy

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2019年第2期3卷 140-149页

作者： Joshua D.Walmsley Joshua W.Hill Partha saha Caleb M.Hill Department of Chemistry University of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA

Optically targeted electrochemical cell microscopy(OTECCM)was applied to measure electrocatalytic rates at individual Cu nanoparticles(NPs)under electrolyte conditions relevant to CO_(2) *** electrocatalytic responses from individual NPs were found to exhibit a wide variation in behavior,with significant NP-to-NP variations in the magnitude of electrocata-lytic currents and necessary overpotentials being *** of these quantities with metrics of NP size suggest no significant variations in the inherent electrocatalytic activity of the NPs with *** element simulations of diffusion in this system demonstrate the observed diffusion-limited currents are significantly smaller than expected,attributable to the presence of a significant amount of residual ligand on the surface of the Cu NPs,which were prepared via an organic phase *** results presented here further demonstrate the promise of techniques which employ correlated optical and electrochemical measurements,such as OTECCM,for studying electrocatalysis at individual NPs.

关键词： Electrochemistry Electrochemical microscopy Nanoparticles CO_(2)reduction

Production of fermented tea petal decoction with insights into in vitrobiochemical tests,antioxidant assay and GC-MS analysis

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2021年第1期3卷 406-415页

作者： Soumya Majumder Sumedha saha Arindam Ghosh Sukanya Acharyya sahadeb Sarkar Sourav Chakraborty Malay Bhattacharya Molecular Biology and Tissue Culture Laboratory Department of Tea ScienceUniversity of North BengalSiliguriDarjeelingWest Bengal Pin-734013India

This research work was designed to attempt and propose the first report on production and biochemical characterization of fermented tea flower petal decoction or simply tea petal *** tea petal decoction and brewer’s yeast or Saccharomyces cerevisiae were co-cultured for *** activity and chromatographic separation of potential candidates were *** investigations for qualitative characters on this fermented broth revealed the presence of steroids,tannin,flavonoids,phenol,cardiac glycosides,coumarin,caffeine *** manufactured fermented broth showed high free radical scavenging activity after 2 months of *** DPPH scavenging activities were also observed in solvent fractions of acetone,ethanol and *** antioxidant activity,alcohol percentage and other qualities were seen to be gradually increased during *** chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of 44 compounds including many potential antioxidant molecules and other bioactive ***,presence of alcohol with medicinally active compounds and antioxidant activity will make it as acceptable as a good wine and tea flower as economically functional.

关键词： Tea petal Antioxidant GC-MS Fermentation brewer’s yeast

Deep-BERT:Transfer Learning for Classifying Multilingual Offensive Texts on Social Media

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1775-1791页

作者： Md.Anwar Hussen Wadud M.F.Mridha Jungpil Shin Kamruddin Nur Aloke Kumar saha Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bangladesh University of Business and TechnologyDhakaBangladesh School of Computer Science and Engineering University of AizuAizuwakamatsuJapan Department of Computer Science American International University-BangladeshDhakaBangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh

Offensive messages on social media,have recently been frequently used to harass and criticize *** recent studies,many promising algorithms have been developed to identify offensive *** algorithms analyze text in a unidirectional manner,where a bidirectional method can maximize performance results and capture semantic and contextual information in *** addition,there are many separate models for identifying offensive texts based on monolin-gual and multilingual,but there are a few models that can detect both monolingual and multilingual-based offensive *** this study,a detection system has been developed for both monolingual and multilingual offensive texts by combining deep convolutional neural network and bidirectional encoder representations from transformers(Deep-BERT)to identify offensive posts on social media that are used to harass *** paper explores a variety of ways to deal with multilin-gualism,including collaborative multilingual and translation-based ***,the Deep-BERT is tested on the Bengali and English datasets,including the different bidirectional encoder representations from transformers(BERT)pre-trained word-embedding techniques,and found that the proposed Deep-BERT’s efﬁcacy outperformed all existing offensive text classiﬁcation algorithms reaching an accuracy of 91.83%.The proposed model is a state-of-the-art model that can classify both monolingual-based and multilingual-based offensive texts.

关键词： Offensive text classiﬁcation deep convolutional neural network(DCNN) bidirectional encoder representations from transformers(BERT) natural language processing(NLP)

Doubly Excited 1,3Fe States of Two-Electron Atoms under Weakly Coupled Plasma Environment

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第7期71卷 853-860页

作者： S. Dutta J. K. saha S. Bhattacharyya T. K. Mukherjee Belgharia Texmaco Estate School BelghariaKolkata 700056India Department of Physics Naxula Institute of TechnologyAgarparaKolkata 700109India Department of Physics Aliah UniversityIIA/27NewtownKolkata 700160India Department of Physics Acharya Prafulla Chandra CollegeNew BarrackporeKolkata 700131India

Precise energy eigenvalues of metastable bound doubly excited 1,3Fe states originating from 2 pnf(n=4–6)configuration of helium-like ions(Z=2–4)under weakly coupled plasma(WCP)environment have been estimated within the framework of Ritz variational *** wavefunction is expanded in explicitly correlated Hylleraas type basis *** screened Coulomb potential is consideredas mimic the WCP *** atomic systems tend towards gradual instability and the number of excited metastable bound states reduces with increasing plasma *** wavelengths corresponding to 2 pnf(1,3F^e)→2 pnf(1,3Do)(n=4–6;n′=3–6)transitions occurring between doubly excited states of plasma embedded two-electron ions are also reported.

关键词： two-electron atom doubly excited states variational method weakly coupled plasma Hylleraas co-ordinate