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Key technologies for wireless network digital twin towards smart railways

High-Speed Railway 2024年第1期2卷 1-10页

作者： Ke Guan Xinghai Guo Danping He Philipp svoboda Marion Berbineau Stephen Wang Bo Ai Zhangdui Zhong Markus Rupp State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Christian Doppler Laboratory for Digital Twin Assisted AI for Sustainable Radio Access Networks Institute of TelecommunicationsTU WienVienna 1040Austria UniversitéGustave Eiffel COSYSLEOSTVilleneuve d′Ascq 59650France VIAVI Marconi Labs VIAVI SolutionsStevenage SG12ANUK Institute of Telecommunications TU WienVienna 1040Austria

An emerging railway technology called smart railway promises to deliver higher transportation efficiency,enhanced comfort in services,and greater *** smart railway is expected to integrate fifth-generation mobile communication(5G),Artificial Intelligence(AI),and other technologies,which poses new problems in the construction,operation and maintenance of railway wireless *** Digital Twins(DTs),which have recently emerged as a new paradigm for the design of wireless networks,can address these problems and enable the whole lifecycle management of railway wireless ***,there are still many scientific issues and challenges for railway-oriented wireless *** key technologies to solve these problems are introduced and described,including characterization of materials'physical-EM properties,autonomous reconstruction of Three-dimensional(3D)environment model,AI-empowered environmental cognition,Ray-Tracing(RT),model-based and AIbased RT acceleration,and generation of multi-spectra sensing ***,this paper presents our research results for each key technology and describes the wireless network planning and optimization system based on highperformance RT developed by our *** paper outlines the framework for realizing the wireless DT of smart railways,providing the direction for future research.

关键词： Digital twin Smart railways Ray tracing Channel characterization

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Sustaining forest biodiversity:Exploring the effect of long-term natural disturbance dynamics on contemporary lichen communities in primary forest ecosystems

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 556-567页

作者： Rhiannon Gloor Marek Svitok Martin Mikolas Jenyk Hofmeister Josef Halda Pavel Janda Francesco Maria Sabatini Lucie Zemanova Arne Buechling Daniel Kozak Matej Ferencik Michal Frankovic Martin Dusatko mir.slav svoboda Department of Forest Ecology Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamycka 129Praha 6–Suchdol16500Czech Republic Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Technical University in ZvolenT.G.Masaryka 2496001ZvolenSlovakia Institute of Botany Plant Science and Biodiversity CenterSlovak Academy of SciencesDúbravska cesta 984523BratislavaSlovakia PRALES Odtrnovie 56301322RosinaSlovakia Faculty of Science University of Hradec KraloveHradecka 1285Hradec KraloveⅢ50003Czech Republic BIOME–Biogeography and Macroecology Department of BiologicalGeological and Environmental Sciences(BIGEA)Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bolognavia Irnerio 42BolognaItaly

In this era of biodiversity loss and climate change,quantifying the impacts of natural disturbance on forest communities is imperative to improve biodiversity conservation *** and epixylic lichens are effective forest quality bioindicators,as they are generally long-lived organisms supported by continuity of specific forest structures and their associated microclimatic ***,how lichen communities respond to the effects of fluctuating historical disturbances remains *** a dendrochronological approach,this study investigates how natural disturbance dynamics indirectly influence various lichen community metrics in some of Europe's best-preserved primary mixed-beech *** modelling revealed that natural historical disturbance processes have decades-long effects on forest structural attributes,which had both congruent and divergent impacts on lichen community richness and *** species richness indirectly benefited from both historical and recent higher-severity disturbances via increased standing dead tree basal area and canopy openness respectively-likely through the presence of both pioneer and late-successional species associated with these ***-listed species richness showed a dependence on habitat continuity(old trees),and increased with disturbance-related structures(standing dead trees)whilst simultaneously benefiting from periods without severe disturbance events(old trees and reduced deadwood volume).However,if the disturbance occurred over a century in the past,no substantial effect on forest structure was ***,while disturbance-mediated forest structures can promote overall richness,threatened species appear vulnerable to more severe disturbance events-a concern,as disturbances are predicted to intensify with climate ***,the high number of threatened species found reinforce the critical role of primary forest structural attributes for biodiversity ***

关键词： Mixed-beech forests Species richness Old-growth forests Carpathian mountains Biodiversity conservation Dendroecology Fagus sylvatica

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Tree structure and diversity shape the biomass of primary temperate mountain forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 568-579页

作者： Dheeraj Ralhan Ruffy Rodrigo Heather Keith Annemiek Irene Stegehuis Jakob Pavlin Yumei Jiang Milos Rydval Juliana Nogueira Alexandre Fruleux Marek Svitok Martin Mikolas Daniel Kozak Martin Dusatko Pavel Janda Oleh Chaskovsky Catalin-Constantin Roibu mir.slav svoboda Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesKamycka 129Suchdol16521 Praha 6Czech Republic Department of Forest Science Biliran Province State UniversityBiliran6549Philippines Griffith Climate Action Beacon Griffith UniversityParklands DriveSouthportGold CoastQueensland4222Australia Laboratoire de Geologie IPSLCNRSUMR 8538Ecole Normale SuperieurePSL UniversityParisFrance Univ.Lille Institut Mines-TelecomUniv.ArtoisJuniaULR 4515LGCgELaboratoire de Genie Civil et Geo-EnvironnementF-59000LilleFrance Department of Biology and General Ecology Faculty of Ecology and Environmental SciencesTechnical University in ZvolenMasaryka 2496001ZvolenSlovakia Institute of Forest Management Ukrainian National Forestry UniversityLvivUkraine Forest Biometrics Laboratory–Faculty of Forestry Stefan Cel Mare University of SuceavaUniversitații Street Number.13Suceava720229Romania

Primary forests are spatially diverse terrestrial ecosystems with unique characteristics,being naturally regenerative and heterogeneous,which supports the stability of their carbon storage through the accumulation of live and dead ***,little is known about the interactions between biomass stocks,tree genus diversity and structure across a temperate montane primary ***,we investigated the relationship between tree structure(variability in basal area and tree size),genus-level diversity(abundance,tree diversity)and biomass stocks in temperate primary mountain forests across Central and Eastern *** used inventory data from726 permanent sample plots from mixed beech and spruce across the Carpathian *** used nonlinear regression to analyse the spatial variability in forest biomass,structure,and genus-level diversity and how they interact with plot-level tree age,disturbances,temperature and *** found that the combined effects of genus and structural indices were important for addressing the variability in biomass across different spatial *** processes in disturbance regimes and uneven tree age support forest hete rogeneity and the accumulation of live and dead biomass through the natural regeneration,growth and decay of the forest *** complexities in basal area index,supporte d by genus-level abundance,positively influence total biomass stocks,which was modulated by tree age and *** forests showed higher tree density and basal area than mixed beech forests,though mixed beech still contributes significantly to biomass across *** heterogeneity was strongly influenced by complexities in forest composition(tree genus diversity,structure).We addressed the importance of primary forests as stable carbon stores,achieved through structure and *** such ecosystems is critical for ensuring the stability of the primary forest,carbon store and biodiversity into the future.

关键词： Biodiversity indicators Biomass carbon stock Ecosystem functioning Forest composition Primary forest structure Tree size distribution

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Effects of Welding Procedure on Corrosion Resistance and Hydrogen Embrittlement of Supermartensitic Stainless Steel Deposits

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2013年第12期20卷 124-132页

作者： Zappa Sebastián Surian Estela svoboda Hernán Research Secretariat Faculty of EngineeringNational University of Lomas de Zamora DEYTEMA-Development and Technology of Materials Centre Regional Faculty San NicolásNational Technological University Materials and Structures Laboratory INTECINFaculty of EngineeringNational University of Buenos Aires CONICET-National Scientific and Technical Research Council

The effects of shielding gas and post weld heat treatment on the pitting resistance, stress corrosion crack- ing and hydrogen embrittlement of supermartensitic stainless steel deposits were studied. Two all-weld-metal test coupons were prepared using a metal-cored wire under Ar＋ 5% He and Ar＋18%CO2 gas shielding mixtures. Solubi- lizing and solubilizing plus double tempering heat treatments were done with the objective of achieving different mi crostructural results, The samples welded under Ar＋5% He showed higher pitting corrosion resistance, for all post weld heat treatments, than those welded under Ar＋18% CO2. The different post weld heat treatments generated higher susceptibility to this corrosion mechanism. None of the samples presented signs of stress corrosion cracking, but in those subjected to the heat treatment, grain boundary selective attack was observed, on the surfaces of all the samples studied. The samples with highest hardness were more susceptible to hydrogen damage, thereby leading to reduced tensile strength on this condition.

关键词： supermartensitic stainless steel shielding gas post weld heat treatment corrosion hydrogen embrittle ment

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Investigation of the tribological performance of ionic liquids in non-conformal EHL contacts under electric field activation

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Friction 2020年第5期8卷 982-994页

作者： Michal MICHALEC Petr svoboda Ivan KRUPKA Martin HARTL Aleksandar VENCL Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrno 61669Czech Republic Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of TechnologyBrno 61200Czech Republic Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of BelgradeBelgrade 11120Serbia South Ural State University Chelyabinsk 454080Russia

Real-time external alteration of the internal properties of lubricants is highly desirable in all mechanical systems. However, fabricating a suitable and effective smart lubricant is a long-lasting experimental process. In this study, the film thickness and frictional response of ionic liquid-lubricated non-conformal contacts to an electric field excitation under elastohydrodynamic conditions were examined. Film thickness was evaluated using a "ball-on-disc" optical tribometer with an electric circuit. Friction tests were carried on a mini traction machine (MTM) tribometer with a "ball-on-disc" rotation module and an electric circuit for contact area excitation. The results demonstrate that there is a difference in the behaviour of the ionic liquid during electric field excitation at the evaluated film thicknesses. The results of evaluated film thicknesses demonstrate that there is a difference in the behaviour of the ionic liquid during electric field excitation. Therefore, the ionic liquids could be a new basis for the smart lubrication of mechanical components. Moreover, the proposed experimental approach can be used to identify electrosensitive fluids.

关键词： friction thin film lubrication electro-rheological fluid smart fluid lubrication

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Erosive wear properties of ZA-27 alloy-based nanocomposites: Influence of type, amount, and size of nanoparticle reinforcements

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Friction 2019年第4期7卷 340-350页

作者： Aleksandar VENCL Ilija BOBIC Biljana BOBIC Kristina JAKIMOVSKA Petr svoboda Mara KANDEVA Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of BelgradeKraljice Marije 16Belgrade 11120Serbia Institute of Nuclear Sciences'Vinca' University of BelgradeMike Petrovica Alasa 12-14Belgrade 11001Serbia Institute of Chemistry Technology and MetallurgyUniversity of BelgradeNjegoseva 12Belgrade 11000Serbia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Skopje Ss.Cyril and Methodius UniversityKarposh II bbSkopje 1000Macedonia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyTechnicka2896/2Brno 61669Czech Republic Faculty of Industrial Technology Technical University of Sofia8 Kliment Ohridski BlvdSofia 1000Bulgaria

Metal matrix nanocomposites(MMnCs)comprise a metal matrix filled with nanosized reinforcements with physical and mechanical properties that are very different from those of the *** ZA-27 alloy-based nanocomposites,the metal matrix provides ductility and toughness,while usually used ceramic reinforcements give high strength and *** ZA-27 alloy-based nanocomposites,reinforced with different types(Si C and Al2O3),amounts(0.2 wt.%,0.3 wt.%,and 0.5 wt.%)and sizes(25 nm,50 nm,and 100 nm)of nanoparticles were produced through the compocasting process with mechanical alloying pre-processing(ball milling).It was previously shown that the presence of nanoparticles in ZA-27 alloy-based nanocomposites led to the formation of a finer structure in the nanocomposites matrix and an improvement in the basic mechanical properties(hardness and compressive yield strength)through the enhanced dislocation density strengthening *** particle erosive wear testing demonstrated that these improvements were followed with an increase in the erosive wear resistance of tested nanocomposites,as ***,by analyzing the influences of type,amount,and size of nanoparticles on the erosive wear resistance of nanocomposites,it was demonstrated that there is an optimal amount of nanoparticles,which in our case is 0.3 wt.%,and that the presence of SiC nanoparticles and smaller nanoparticles in nanocomposites had more beneficial influence on erosive wear resistance.

关键词： ZA-27 alloy nanocomposites nanoparticles compocasting fractography erosive wear

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The biological function of type I receptors of bone morphogenetic protein in bone

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Bone Research 2016年第2期4卷 63-71页

作者： Shuxian Lin Kathy KH svoboda Jian Q Feng Xinquan Jiang Department of Prosthodontics Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Department of Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M Baylor College of Dentistry

Bone morphogenetic proteins （BMPs） have multiple roles in skeletal development, homeostasis and regeneration. BMPs signal via type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors （BMPRI and BMPRII）. In recent decades, genetic studies in humans and mice have demonstrated that perturbations in BMP signaling via BMPRI resulted in various diseases in bone, cartilage, and muscles. In this review, we focus on all three types of BMPRI, which consist of activin-like kinase 2 （ALK2, also called type IA activin receptor）, activin- llke kinase 3 （ALK3, also called BMPRIA）, and activin-like kinase 6 （ALK6, also called BMPRIB）. The research areas covered include the current progress regarding the roles of these receptors during myogenesis, chondrogenesis, and osteogenesis. Understanding the physiological and pathological functions of these receptors at the cellular and molecular levels will advance drug development and tissue regeneration for treating musculoskeletal diseases and bone defects in the future.

关键词： ALK The biological function of type I receptors of bone morphogenetic protein in bone type

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在发病前,拯教青少年抑郁

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环球科学 2024年第3期 50-57页

作者：伊丽莎白·斯沃博达张胜楠(译) 不详中国科学院心理研究所

当埃丝特·奥拉德乔(Esther Oladejo)连续好几天都想不起来吃饭时,她意识到自已已经越过了一条无形的边界。作为一名颇有天赋的橄榄球运动员,忙碌的学校日程也不曾停下她成长的脚步。

关键词：橄榄球运动员青少年抑郁发病前

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LIVESPORT办公空间

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现代装饰 2024年第3期 42-49页

作者： Jakub Heidler(设计) Jan Kacer(设计) Marek svoboda(设计) Lukas Baksi(设计) Jachym Bondy(设计) Jurij Lyzhanov(设计) Barbora Lickova(设计) Tomas PlocLukas Kral(设计) Studio Flusse(摄影) 舒禹(编译) 不详

Livesport的新办公室建在以前的楼层上,一个将体育与现代技术融为一体的空间。设计灵感来自于训练中的艰苦努力,准备过程中的自我提升。健身房空间由方块地毯表示,无缝天花板上分布规则的聚光灯网格。三个主要元素进一步增强空间,分别... 详细信息

Livesport的新办公室建在以前的楼层上,一个将体育与现代技术融为一体的空间。设计灵感来自于训练中的艰苦努力,准备过程中的自我提升。健身房空间由方块地毯表示,无缝天花板上分布规则的聚光灯网格。三个主要元素进一步增强空间,分别是地板线条、运动器材和电子笔,它们是从设计元素中抽象出来的,线条划分办公室不同区域,运动器材增强使用体验,电子笔则是导航系统,帮助新来的运动员快速融入团队与比赛。

关键词：运动器材办公空间自我提升健身房聚光灯设计元素电子笔导航系统

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Parallel fluorescence and phosphorescence monitoring of singlet oxygen photosensitization in rats

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2015年第6期8卷 53-66页

作者： Roman Dedic Adam Stibal Vojtech Vyklicky Miloslav Franek Antonin svoboda Jan Hala Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Department of Chemical Physics and Optics Charles University in Prague Ke Karlovu 3 12116 Praha 2Czech Republic Third Faculty of Medicine Department of Normal Pathological and Clinical Physiology Charles University in Prague Ke Karlovu 412000 Praha 2Czech Republic

The time-and spectral-resolved set-up for measurements of weak infrared luminescence of photosensitizers(PSs)and singlet oxygen using optical lightguides was used on skin of laboratory animals in *** rats with abdominal incisions treated by methylis aminolevulinitis(MAL)were used as a model.A control group of animals with abdominal incisions was also *** resolved fluorescence of the PS was acquired during the treatment from the same *** intensity and spectral profile of the fiuorescence signal from the skin can be used to guide the detection setup to the investigated spots in the *** rate of bleaching of Protoporphyrin IX band and appearance of a band of its photoproducts during the treatment can be characterized by the exposition ED,under which the latter becomes dominant feature infiuorescence *** value differs statistically significantly between the normal skin and the lesion treated by *** direct proportionality was found between the fluorescence signal and singlet oxygen ***,the strong fluorescence signal is necessary but not a su±cient condition for higher singlet oxygen production in *** value correlates rather well with production of singlet oxygen,but differently in lesion and normal *** of singlet oxygen differ between spots outside and in the *** triplet state lifetimes exhibit weak di®erence between spots treated and untreated by MAL.

关键词： PDT dosimetry singlet oxygen Protoporphyrin IX time-resolved luminescence photodiagnosis

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