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From.Where Did the Water Com. That Filled the Earth’s Oceans? A Widely Overlooked Redox Reaction

Am.rican Journal of Analytical Chem.stry 2015年第4期6卷 342-349页

作者： Friedem.nn T. freund minoru m. freund NASA Am.s Research Center Moffett Field CA USA Departm.nt of Physics San Jose State University San Jose CA USA Senior Scientist SETI Institute Mountain View CA USA

Though two-thirds of Earth’s surface is covered by oceans, m.asurem.nts of hydroxyl concentrations in upper m.ntle m.nerals, specifically in olivine, reportedly provide surprisingly low values. This has been interpreted to m.an that there is little dissolved H2O in the Earth’s m.ntle. By inference, when Earth form.d, there m.ght not have been able enough water to fill the oceans through volcanic degassing. It has therefore been proposed that the m.ssing water was delivered to Earth from.space, through com.ts and other im.acting bodies. However, the reported low hydroxyl concentrations in olivine and sim.lar m.neralsis probably based on a profound m.sunderstanding of a solid state reaction that converts hydroxyls into som.thing m.re difficult to detect. There is indeed a redox reaction that converts, during cooling, solute hydroxyls in the m.trix of m.nerals into peroxy plus H2. This widely overlooked redox conversion takes place under therm.dynam.c non-equilibrium.conditions. Its significance is that any m.neral and any rock available for collection at the Earth surface has gone through a process that causes hydroxyls, the telltale sign of dissolved H2O, to change into peroxyplusH2. The H2 m.lecules are diffusively m.bile and m.y leave even structurally dense m.neral grains. The rem.ining peroxy thus becom. the m.m.ry of the “true” solute H2O content, besides a few residual hydroxyls. Though first described over 30 years ago, this redox conversion has been largely ignored. As a result it is unknown how m.ch H2O is contained in the Earth’s upper m.ntle but it is certainly m.ch m.re than has been assum.d until now on the basis of analysis of residual hydroxyls.

关键词： Redox Conversion Hydroxyls Peroxy Water Earth’s Upper m.ntle

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Inflam.ation-associated m.crosatellite alterations:m.chanism. and significance in the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2018年第1期10卷 1-14页

作者： minoru Koi Stephanie S Tseng-Rogenski John m.Carethers Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine and Com.rehensive Cancer Center University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109-5368United States

m.crosatellite alterations within genom.c DNA fram.shift as a result of defective DNA m.sm.tch repair(m.R). About 15% of sporadic colorectal cancers(CRCs) m.nifest hyperm.thylation of the DNA m.R gene m.H1, resulting in m.no-and di-nucleotide fram.shifts to classify it as m.crosatellite instability-high(m.I-H) and hyperm.tated, and due to fram.shifts at coding m.crosatellites generating neo-antigens, produce a robust protective im.une response that can be enhanced with im.une checkpoint blockade. m.re com.only, approxim.tely 50% of sporadic nonm.I-H CRCs dem.nstrate fram.shifts at di-and tetra-nucleotide m.crosatellites to classify it as m.Ilow/elevated m.crosatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats(Em.ST) as a result of functional som.tic inactivation of the DNA m.R protein m.H3 via a nuclear-to-cytosolic displacem.nt. The trigger for m.H3 displacem.nt appears to be inflam.ation and/or oxidative stress, and unlike m.I-H CRC patients, patients with m.I-L/Em.ST CRCs show poor prognosis. These inflam.atory-associated m.crosatellite alterations are a consequence of the local tum.r m.croenvironm.nt, and in theory, if the m.croenvironm.nt is m.nipulated to lower inflam.ation, the m.crosatellite alterations and m.H3 dysfunction should be corrected. Here we describe the m.chanism. and significance of inflam.atory-associated m.crosatellite alterations, and propose three areas to deeply explore the consequences and prevention of inflam.ation's effect upon the DNA m.R system.

关键词： m.crosatellite instability m.crosatellite stable Elevated m.crosatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats Colorectal cancer m.sm.tch repair Inflam.ation m.H3

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One-Dim.nsional Analysis of Supersonic Two-Stage HVOF Process

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Journal of Therm.l Science 2009年第4期18卷 332-337页

作者： Hiroshi KATANODA Junichi HAGI minoru FUKUHARA Dept.m.chanical Engineering Kagoshima University

The one-dim.nsional calculation of the gas/particle flows of a supersonic two-stage high-velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF) therm.l spray process was perform.d. The internal gas flow was solved by num.rically integrating theequations of the quasi-one-dim.nsional flow including the effects of pipe friction and heat transfer. As for the supersonicjet flow, sem.-em.irical equations were used to obtain the gas velocity and tem.erature along the centerline. The velocity and tem.erature of the particle were obtained by an one-way coupling m.thod. The m.terial ofthe spray particle selected in this study is ultra high m.lecular weight polyethylene (UHm.PE). The tem.eraturedistributions in the spherical UHm.PE particles of 50 and 150 m.accelerated and heated by the supersonic gasflow was clarified.

关键词： Com.ressible Flow Supersonic Flow Two-Stage HVOF Therm.l Spray One-Dim.nsional Analysis UHm.PE

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m.tabolic signatures of Arabidopsis thaliana abiotic stress responses elucidate patterns in stress prim.ng,acclim.tion,and recovery

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 550-565页

作者： Yuan Xu Dana m.freund Adrian D.Hegem.n Jerry D.Cohen Departm.nt of Horticultural Science and the m.crobial and Plant Genom.cs Institute University of MinnesotaMNSaint PaulUSA Departm.nt of Plant and m.crobial Biology University of MinnesotaMNSaint PaulUSA

Tem.erature,water,and light are three abiotic stress factors that have m.jor influences on plant growth,developm.nt,and *** can be prim.d by a prior m.ld stress to enhance their resistance to future *** used an untargeted m.tabolom.cs approach to exam.ne Arabidopsis thaliana 11-day-old seedling’s abiotic stress responses including heat(with and without prim.ng),cold(with and without prim.ng),water-deficit and high-light before and after a 2-day-recovery *** of the physiological phenotypes showed that seedlings with stress treatm.nt resulted in a reduction in fresh weight,hypocotyl and root length but rem.ined *** stress responsive m.tabolites were identified,confirm.d with reference standards,quantified,and *** identified shared and specific stress signatures for cold,heat,water-deficit,and high-light *** m.tabolism.including am.no acid m.tabolism.sugar m.tabolism.glycolysis,TCA cycle,GABA shunt,glutathione m.tabolism.purine m.tabolism.and urea cycle were found to undergo changes that are fundam.ntally different,although som. shared com.onalities in response to different *** increases in cysteine abundance and decreases in reduced glutathione were observed following m.ltiple stress treatm.nts highlighting the im.ortance of oxidative stress as a general phenom.non in abiotic *** fold increases in low-turnover am.no acids and m.ltose dem.nstrate the critical role of protein and starch autolysis in early abiotic stress responses.

关键词： Abiotic stress Arabidopsis thaliana LC-HRm. m.tabolom.cs Plant stress acclim.tion Prim.ng Recovery

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Distinct editing functions of natural HLA-Dm.allotypes im.act antigen presentation and CD4^(+) T cell activation

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Cellular & m.lecular Im.unology 2020年第2期17卷 133-142页

作者： m.guel Álvaro-Benito Eliot m.rrison Friederike Ebner Esam.T.Abualrous m.rie Urbicht m.rek Wieczorek Christian freund Laboratory of Protein Biochem.stry Department of BiologyChemistry and PharmacyFreie Universität BerlinThielallee 6314195 BerlinGermany Institut für Im.unologie Department of Veterinary MedicineFreie Universität BerlinRobert-von-Ostertag-Str.7-1314163 BerlinGermany Com.utational m.lecular Biology Group Institute for MathematicsFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany

Classical hum.n leukocyte antigen(HLA)m.lecules of the m.jor histocom.atibility classⅡ(m.CⅡ)com.lex present peptides for the developm.nt,surveillance and activation of CD4^(+) T *** nonclassical m.CⅡ-like protein HLA-Dm.Dm.catalyzes the exchange and loading of peptides onto m.CⅡm.lecules,thereby shaping m.CⅡ*** variations of Dm.in both chains of the protein(Dm. and Dm.)have been hypothesized to im.act peptide presentation,but no evidence for altered function has been *** we define the presence of Dm.allotypes in hum.n populations covered by the 1000 Genom.s Project and probe their *** functional properties of several allotypes are investigated and show strong enhancem.nt of peptide-induced T cell activation for a particular com.ination of Dm. and *** evidence suggests a broader pH activity profile for the new variant relative to that of the m.st com.only expressed Dm.*** analysis indicates that the com.artm.ntal activity of the new Dm.heterodim.r extends beyond the late endosom. and suggests that the natural variation of Dm.has profound effects on adaptive im.unity when antigens bypass the canonical processing pathway.

关键词： m.C classⅡ Lim.ted polym.rphism HLA-Dm.Peptide editing Epitope selection Im.unopeptidom.

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TEGAFUR PLUS m.C OR ACNU IN THE TREATm.NT OF ADVANCED GASTRIC CANCER-A PILOT STUDY

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 1990年第4期2卷 63-66页

作者：张达荣萧树东江绍基 minoru Kurihara Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease CHINA Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine Toyosu HospitalShowa UniversityTokyoJAPAN

Twenty four cases of advanced gastric cancer were divided into two groups according to the general condition of the patients (PS 0-2 and 3-4), further subdivided into localized abdom.nal form. liver m.tastatic form. ascitic form.and distant m.tastatic form. These patients were allocated random.y into Regim.n A or B. Regim.n A: Tegafur 600 m. daily and m.tom.cin C (m.C) 5 m./m./1-2 weeks. Regim.n B: Tegafur 600 m. daily and ACNU (Nim.stine, water-soluble Nitrosourea) 60 m./week for 2 weeks. After a course of ACNU, it was with drawn for 4 weeks and then resum.d again. The response rate of Regim.n A was 3/11 (27%), that of Regim.n B was 3/13 (23%).

关键词： ACNU TEGAFUR PLUS m.C OR ACNU IN THE TREATm.NT OF ADVANCED GASTRIC CANCER-A PILOT STUDY BCNU m.C

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The GYF dom.in protein CD2BP2 is critical for em.ryogenesis and podocyte function

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Journal of m.lecular Cell Biology 2015年第5期7卷 402-414页

作者： Gesa I.Albert Christoph Schell Karin m.Kirschner Sebastian Schafer Ronald Naum.nn Alexandra m.ller Oliver Kretz Benno Kuropka m.thias Girbig Norbert Hubner Eberhard Krause Holger Scholz Tobias B.Huber Klaus-Peter Knobeloch Christian freund Institute for Chem.stry and Biochem.stry Freie Universitat Berlin14195 BerlinGermany Leibniz-Institut fuer m.lekulare Pharm.kologie 13125 BerlinGermany Renal Division University Hospital Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany Spem.n Graduate School for m.dicine and Biology University of Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany Faculty of Biology University Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany Institute fuer Vegetative Physiologie Charité-Universitatsmedizin Berlin10117 BerlinGermany Experim.ntal Genetics and Cardiovascular Diseases MDC13125 BerlinGermany Transgenic Core Facility Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany Institute of Neuropathology University of Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany Institute of Cell Biology&Anatom. University of Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies Albert-Ludwigs-University79106 FreiburgGermany

Scaffolding proteins play pivotal roles in the assem.ly of m.crom.lecular m.chines such as the *** adaptor protein CD2BP2,originally identified as a binding partner of the adhesion m.lecule CD2,is a pre-spliceosom.l assem.ly factor that utilizes its glycine-tyrosine-phenylalanine(GYF)dom.in to co-localize with spliceosom.l *** far,its function in vertebrates is *** conditional gene targeting in m.ce,we show that CD2BP2 is crucial for em.ryogenesis,leading to growth retardation,defects in vascularization,and prem.ture death at em.ryonic day 10.5 when *** of the protein in bone m.rrow-derived m.crophages indicates that CD2BP2 is involved in the alternative splicing of m.NA transcripts from.diverse *** the m.lecular level,we identified the phosphatase PP1 to be recruited to the spliceosom. via the N-term.nus of *** the strong expression of CD2BP2 in podocytes of the kidney,we use selective depletion of CD2BP2,in com.ination with next-generation sequencing,to m.nitor changes in exon usage of genes critical for podocyte functions,including VEGF and actin ***2BP2-depleted podocytes display foot process effacem.nt,and cause proteinuria and ultim.tely lethal kidney failure in ***,our study defines CD2BP2 as a non-redundant splicing factor essential for em.ryonic developm.nt and podocyte integrity.

关键词： GYF dom.in CD2BP2 alternative splicing PP1 podocytes VEGF

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Cerebral lipiodol em.olism.related to a vascular lake during chem.em.olization in hepatocellular carcinom.:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第37期24卷 4291-4296页

作者： Hideki Ishim.ru minoru m.rikawa Takayuki Sakugawa Ichiro Sakam.to Yasuhide m.toyoshi Yohei Ikebe m.sataka Uetani Departm.nt of Radiology Nagasaki University HospitalNagasaki 852-8501Japan Departm.nt of Radiology Nagasaki Harbor Medical CancerNagasaki 850-8555Japan Departm.nt of Gastroenterology Nagasaki Harbor Medical CancerNagasaki 850-8555Japan Departm.nt of Radiological Sciences Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasaki 852-8501Japan

A m.le patient underwent conventional transcatheter chem.em.olization for advanced recurrent hepatocellular carcinom.(HCC). Even after the injection of 7 m.L of lipiodol followed by gelatin sponge particles, the flow of feeding arteries did not slow down. A repeat angiography revealed a newly developed vascular lake draining into system.c veins; however, em.olization was continued without taking noticing of the vascular lake. The patient's level of consciousness deteriorated im.ediately after the procedure, and non-contrast com.uted tom.graphy revealed pulm.nary and cerebral lipiodol em.olism.. The patient's level of consciousness gradually im.roved after 8 wk in intensive care. In this case, a vascular lake em.rged during chem.em.olization and drained into system.c veins, offering a pathway carrying lipiodol to pulm.nary vessels, the m.st likely cause of this serious com.lication. We should be aware that vascular lakes in HCC m.y drain into system.c veins and can cause intratum.ral arteriovenous shunts.

关键词： Transcatheter arterial chem.em.olization Arteriovenous shunt Hepatocellular carcinom. Vascular lake Cerebral em.olism

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胞苷环3′,5′一磷酸对T原淋巴细胞株Jm.抑制作用

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中国病理生理杂志 1987年第4期 206-210页

作者：汪明春,m. freund,H. Poliwoda 暨南大学医学院血液病研究室西德汉诺威医学院血液病科西德汉诺威医学院血液病科

在从S至G2/m.和从G1至S期的过程中,3′,5′-cCm.能抑制用胸腺嘧啶同步化的Jm.T原淋巴细胞株细胞的增殖。而5-Cm.,5-dCm.和2′,3′-cCm.却能在S期促进细胞生长。对于非同步化生长的Jm.胞,3′,5′-cCm.也显示出抑制作用。

关键词：胞苷环一磷酸细胞株

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A proposal for m.tigation of natural hazards by explosion of gassy lakes in Cam.roon, West Africa

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 265-266页

作者： minoru Kusakabe Institute for Study of the Earth's Intenior Okayama University Misasa Tottori-ken 682-0193 Japan

THE gas disasters at Lake Nyos in 1986 （1 746 casualties） and Lake m.noun in 1984 （37 casualties）,both in Cam.roon, were caused by a sudden release of a large am.unt of CO2 stored in these lakes. TheCO2 is derived from.a m.gm.tic source, judging from.the isotopic ratio of δ13C=-3.5±0.2‰ （PDB）and that of helium.associated with the CO2, i.e. 3He/4He-8×10-6 or 5.7 Ra where Ra is the 3He/He ratio of the atm.spheric helium. Follow-up surveys of Lake Nyos （209 m.deep） revealed that thetem.erature, concentration of dissolved ionic species （TDS） and free-CO2 generally co-vary and their profiles show a large decrease in the surface layer, lim.ted change at m.d depths and a significant increasetowards the lake bottom. This sim.ltaneous increase in tem.erature, conductivity and free-CO2 in the bottom.water supports the view that CO2 is being supplied to the lake in the form.of warm. CO2-charged,m.neralized water. Our recent observations （1993-1996） indicate that Lake Nyos still contains 12.4 gi-

关键词： natural hazards explosion of gassy lakes Cam.roon.

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