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Observation of topological charge transformations in acoustic vortex using passive periodic systems

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 136-143页

作者： Di-Chao Chen Xie Liu Changqing xu Da-Jian Wu Ying Cheng Xiao-Jun Liu School of Physics and Technology Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics School of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Vortex transmutation utilizes a periodic system,which not only enables the alteration of the topological charge(TC)of unstable input vortices but also facilitates their transformation into stable *** approach is crucial for investigating the characteristics of vortices in various wave ***,we achieve acoustic vortex TC transmutation by employing a welldesigned dual-structured plate external system(DPES).The interactions between the acoustic vortex and the finite-order discrete rotational symmetry lead to the transformation of its topological charge when complete rotational symmetry is broken to Nthorder discrete *** results experimentally demonstrate the acoustic vortex TC transmutation based on passive artificial structures,enabling numerous applications in particle manipulation and information multiplexing as well as advancing our understanding and control over free-space acoustic vortices.

关键词： acoustic vortex topological charge transformation artificial structure

Simultaneous immobilization of multiple heavy metal(loid)s in contaminated water and alkaline soil inoculated Fe/Mn oxidizing bacterium

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 370-381页

作者： Yi Wu Shengli Wang Jun xu Fei Zang Song Long Yining Wu Yuqing Wang Zhongren Nan Technology Research Center for Pollution Control and Remediation of Northwest Soil and Groundwater College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Two strains of Fe/Mn oxidizing bacteria tolerant to high concentrations of multiple heavy metal(loid)s and efficient decontamination for them were *** surface of the bio-Fe/Mn oxides produced by the oxidation of Fe(II)and Mn(II)by Pseudomonas taiwanensis(marked as P4)and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida(marked as G1)contains rich reactive oxygen functional groups,which play critical roles in the removal efficiency and immobilization of heavymetal(loid)s in co-contamination *** isolated strains P4 and G1 can growwell in the following environments:pH 5-9,NaCl 0-4%,and temperature 20-30℃.The removal efficiencies of Fe,Pb,As,Zn,Cd,Cu,and Mn are effective after inoculation of the strains P4 and G1 in the simulated water system(the initial concentrations of heavy metal(loid)were 1 mg/L),approximately reaching 96%,92%,85%,67%,70%,54%and 15%,*** exchangeable and carbonate bound As,Cd,Pb and Cu are more inclined to convert to the Fe-Mn oxide bound fractions in P4 and G1 treated soil,thereby reducing the phytoavailability and bioaccessible of heavy metal(loid)*** research provides alternatives method to treat water and soil containing high concentrations of multi-heavy metal(loid)s.

关键词： Bio-Fe/Mn oxides Pseudomonas Heavy metal(loid)s Removal and immobilization

How do Notch Shape and Boundary Conditions Affect the Hydro-Mechanical Behavior of Fractured Geomaterials?Findings via the Darcy-Brinkman-Biot Approach

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年第1期36卷 351-356页

作者： Yi-Xiang Wang Xiao-Pei Guo Ling xu Shi-Feng Lu Department of Civil Engineering School of Human Settlements and Civil EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China China Construction Eighth Engineering Division Co. Ltd.Southwest BranchChengdu 610041China

0 INTRODUCTION Natural geomaterials,including soils and rocks,are invariably exposed to intricate stress conditions,in addition to water pressure,in various engineering contexts such as foundation treatment,mining,and *** geomaterials frequently contain numerous fractures,which significantly influence hydrological dynamics as water permeates through them,leading to processes like expansion and bifurcation(Shu et al.,2023;Tran and Jha,2021;Lei et al.,2017;Wang et al.,2015).

关键词： bifurcation invar mining

Advances and challenges in molecular understanding, early detection, and targeted treatment of liver cancer

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World Journal of Hepatology 2025年第1期17卷 8-17页

作者： Ji Shi xu Zhu Jun-Bo Yang Department of Research and Development Ruibiotech Company LimitedBeijing 100101China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000Guangdong ProvinceChina

In this review,we explore the application of next-generation sequencing in liver cancer research,highlighting its potential in modern *** cancer,particularly hepatocellular carcinoma,is driven by a complex interplay of genetic,epigenetic,and environmental *** genetic alterations,such as mutations in TERT,TP53,and CTNNB1,alongside epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and histone remodeling,disrupt regulatory pathways and promote *** factors,including viral infections,alcohol consum-ption,and metabolic disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,enhance *** tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in liver cancer progression and therapy resistance,with immune cell infiltration,fibrosis,and angiogenesis supporting cancer cell *** in immune check-point inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies have shown po-tential,but the unique immunosuppressive milieu in liver cancer presents *** in pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin underscores the need for targeted therapeutic ***-generation sequencing is accele-rating the identification of genetic and epigenetic alterations,enabling more precise diagnosis and personalized treatment plans.A deeper understanding of these molecular mechanisms is essential for advancing early detection and developing effective therapies against liver cancer.

关键词： Liver cancer Molecular mechanisms Next-generation sequencing Early detection Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Removal of particulate matter and dissolved organic matter from sedimentation sludge water during pre-sedimentation process:Performances and mechanisms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 409-419页

作者： Shule Duan Huiyu Dong Caifang Jiang Hong Liang Ling Jiang Qian xu Xiaoyu Cheng Zhimin Qiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Guangxi Nanning Water Co. Ltd.Nanning 530029China

Sedimentation sludge water(SSW),a prominent constituent of wastewater from drinking water treatment plants,has received limited attention in terms of its treatment and utilization likely due to the perceived difficulties associated with managing SSW *** study comprehensively evaluated the water quality of SSW by comparing it to a well-documented wastewater(filter backwash water(FBW)).Furthermore,it investigated the pollutant variations in the SSW during pre-sedimentation process,probed the underlying reaction mechanism,and explored the feasibility of employing a pilot-scale coagulation-sedimentation process for SSW *** levels of most water quality parameters were generally comparable between SSW and *** the pre-sedimentation of SSW,significant removal of turbidity,bacterial counts,and dissolved organic matter(DOM)was *** characterization of DOM components,molecular weight distributions,and optical properties revealed that the macromolecular proteinaceous biopolymers and humic acids were preferentially *** characterization of particulates indicated that high surface energy,zeta potential,and bridging/adsorption/sedimentation/coagulation capacities in aluminum residuals of SSW,underscoring its potential as a coagulant and promoting the generation and sedimentation of inorganic-organic *** coagulation-sedimentation process could effectively remove pollutants from low-turbidity SSW([turbidity]0<15 NTU).These findings provide valuable insights into the water quality dynamics of SSW during the pre-sedimentation process,facilitating the development of SSW quality management and enhancing its reuse rate.

关键词： Sedimentation sludge water Filter backwash water Reuse Health risk Coagulation-sedimentation

Continuously adjustable mechanical metamaterial based on planetary gear trains and external meshing gears

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第2期46卷 233-252页

作者： Shuai MO xu TANG Keren CHEN H. HOUJOH Wei ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of Mechanical Engineering Guangxi University State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance Central South University State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Precision and Intelligence Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology

The metamaterial based on external meshing gears(MEG) is designed based on the principle of external meshing gear transmission. Based on the meshing transmission principle of external meshing gears and planetary gear trains, the internal and external gear rings are designed. Based on the internal and external gear rings, the metamaterial based on inner and outer planetary gear trains(MIP) is designed to study the shear modulus, Young's modulus, and amplitude-frequency characteristics of the metamaterial based on gears at different angles. The effects of the number of planetary gears on the physical characteristics of the MIP are studied. The results show that the MEG can be continuously adjusted by adjusting the shear modulus and Young's modulus due to its meshing characteristics. With the same number of gears, the adjustment range of the MIP is larger than the adjustment range of the MEG. When the number of planetary gears increases, the adjustment range of the MIP decreases. Moreover, when the metamaterial based on gears rotates, the harmonic response changes with the change of the angle.

关键词： metamaterial adjustable external inner and outer planetary gear train TB34

From waste to wealth:Coal tar residue derived carbon materials as low-cost anodes for potassium-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 464-475页

作者： Zhonghua Lu Jun Shen Xin Zhang Lingcong Chao Liang Chen Ding Zhang Tao Wei Shoudong xu College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China College of Chemistry Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

Carbon materials are widely recognized as highly promising electrode materials for various energy storage system *** tar residues(CTR),as a type of carbon-rich solid waste with high value-added utilization,are crucially important for the development of a more sustainable *** this study,we employed a straightforward direct carbonization method within the temperature range of 700-1000℃to convert the worthless solid waste CTR into economically valuable carbon materials as anodes for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).The effect of carbonization temperature on the microstructure and the potassium ions storage properties of CTR-derived carbons(CTRCs)were systematically explored by structural and morphological characterization,alongside electrochemical performances *** on the co-regulation between the turbine layers,crystal structure,pore structure,functional groups,and electrical conductivity of CTR-derived carbon carbonized at 900℃(CTRC-900H),the electrode material with high reversible capacity of 265.6m Ah·g^(-1)at 50 m A·g^(-1),a desirable cycling stability with 93.8%capacity retention even after 100 cycles,and the remarkable rate performance for PIBs were ***,cyclic voltammetry(CV)at different scan rates and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)have been employed to explore the potassium ions storage mechanism and electrochemical kinetics of *** indicate that the electrode behavior is predominantly governed by surface-induced capacitive processes,particularly under high current densities,with the potassium storage mechanism characterized by an“adsorption-weak intercalation”*** work highlights the potential of CTR-based carbon as a promising electrode material category suitable for high-performance PIBs electrodes,while also provides valuable insights into the new avenues for the high value-added utilization of CTR.

关键词： coal tar residue carbon materials anode potassium-ion batteries high value-added

Influence of surface layer slurry temperature on surface cracks and holes of ZTC4 titanium alloy by investment casting

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China Foundry 2025年第1期22卷 90-98页

作者： Wei-dong Li xu-na Shi State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology and School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute Luoyang 471039China Luoyang Ruize Petrochemical Engineering Co. Ltd.Luoyang 471003China

In this work,the influences of surface layer slurry at different temperatures(10℃,14℃,18℃,22℃)on wax patterns deformation,shrinkage,slurry coating characteristics,and the surface quality of the casting were investigated by using a single factor variable *** surface morphologies of the shell molds produced by different temperatures of the surface(first)layer slurries were observed via electron ***,the microscopic composition of these shell molds was obtained by EDS,and the osmotic effect of the slurry on the wax patterns at different temperatures was also assessed by the PZ-200 Contact Angle *** forming reasons for the surface cracks and holes of thick and large ZTC4 titanium alloy by investment casting were *** experimental results show that the surface of the shell molds prepared by the surface layer slurry with a low temperature exhibits noticeable damage,which is mainly due to the poor coating performance and the serious expansion and contraction of wax pattern at low *** second layer shell material(SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3))immerses into the crack area of the surface layer,contacts and reacts with the molten titanium to form surface cracks and holes in the *** the increase of the temperature of surface layer slurry,the damage to the shell surface tends to weaken,and the composition of the shell molds'surface becomes more uniform with less *** results show that the surface layer slurry at 22℃is evenly coated on the surface of the wax patterns with appropriate thickness,and there is no surface shell mold rupture caused by sliding slurry after sand *** surface layer slurry temperature is consistent with the wax pattern temperature and the workshop temperature,so there is no damage of the surface layer shell caused by expansion and ***,the shell mold prepared by the surface layer slurry at this temperature has good integrity,isolating the contact between the low inert

关键词： titanium alloy surface layer slurry surface cracks surface holes investment casting

The role of sulfur cycle in new particle formation:Cycloaddition reaction of SO_(3)to H_(2)S

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 489-501页

作者： Haijie Zhang Wei Wang Liang Fan Junling Li Yanqin Ren Hong Li Rui Gao Yisheng xu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The chemistry of sulfur cycle contributes significantly to the atmospheric nucleation process,which is the first step of new particle formation(NPF).In the present study,cycloaddition reaction mechanism of sulfur trioxide(SO_(3))to hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)which is a typical air pollutant and toxic gas detrimental to the environment were comprehensively investigate through theoretical calculations and Atmospheric Cluster Dynamic Code ***-phase stability and nucleation potential of the product thiosulfuric acid(H_(2)S_(2)O_(3),TSA)were further analyzed to evaluate its atmospheric *** any catalysts,the H_(2)S+SO_(3)reaction is infeasible with a barrier of 24.2 kcal/*** nucleation precursors formic acid(FA),sulfuric acid(SA),and water(H_(2)O)could effectively lower the reaction barriers as catalysts,even to a barrierless reaction with the efficiency of cis-SA>trans-FA>trans-SA>H_(2)***,the gas-phase stability of TSA was investigated.A hydrolysis reaction barrier of up to 61.4 kcal/mol alone with an endothermic isomerization reaction barrier of 5.1 kcal/mol under the catalytic effect of SA demonstrates the sufficient stability of ***,topological and kinetic analysis were conducted to determine the nucleation potential of *** clusters formed by TSA and atmospheric nucleation precursors(SA,ammonia NH_(3),and dimethylamine DMA)were thermodynamically ***,the gradually decreasing evaporation coefficients for TSA-base clusters,particularly for TSA-DMA,suggests that TSA may participate in NPF where the concentration of base molecules are relatively *** present new reaction mechanismmay contributes to a better understanding of atmospheric sulfur cycle and NPF.

关键词： New particle formation(NPF) Atmospheric sulfur cycle Nucleation process Reaction mechanism Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S) Atmospheric Cluster Dynamic Code (ACDC)