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Progress on major genes for high fecundity in ewes

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2014年第4期1卷 282-290页

作者： Qiuyue LIU Zhangyuan PAN Xiangyu WANG Wenping HU Ran DI Yaxing YAO mingxing chu Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

The existence of major genes affecting fecundity in sheep flocks throughout the world has been *** major genes whose mutations can increase ovulation rate have been discovered,and all related to the transforming growth factorβ(TGF-β)*** mutant FecB of bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B(BMPR1B)has an additive effect on ovulation *** mutations(Fec^(XI),Fec^(XH),Fec^(XG),Fec^(XB),Fec^(XL),Fec^(XR))of bone morphogenetic protein 15(BMP15)related with fertility have been identified that share the same *** the mutants can increase ovulation rate in heterozygotes and cause complete sterility in *** ewes with two new mutations(FecX^(Gr),FecX^(O))of BMP15 had increased ovulation rate without causing *** are five mutations in growth differentiation factor 9(GDF9)associated with sheep prolificacy where FecG^(E) and FecG^(F) have additive an effect on ovulation rate and litter *** newly identifiedβ-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2(B4GALNT2)gene of FecL is proposed as a new mechanism of ovulation rate regulation in *** is an X-linked maternally imprinted gene which increases ovulation *** addition,several putative major genes need to be *** review is focused on the identification of the mutations and mechanisms whereby the major genes affecting ovulation rate.

关键词： major gene ovulation rate sheep reproduction

Assessment of Serum PRL,MLT,TSH,FSH and LH Concentrations in the Goat (Capra hircus) Exposing to Different Photoperiod Regimes

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2018年第4期7卷 110-114,117页

作者： Huibin SHI Zhilong TIAN Yuqin WANG Zhibo WU Fang YANG Jianping WANG mingxing chu CaiHong WEI College of Animal Science and Technology Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471003China Mutton Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province Luoyang 471019China Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

In many seasonally breeding species, photoperiod is an important factor involved in reproduction. Capra hircus breeds are normally considered short-day breeders. An experiment was carried out to evaluate whether or not photoperiodic regimens influence circulating hormone levels （prolactin, melatonin, thyrotropin stimulating hormine, luteinizing hormone,follicle stimulating hormone） of Henan huai local goat exposing to different photoperiodic regimens. The results showed that plasma levels of prolactin, melatonin, thyrotropin stimulating hormine, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone were higher in the 8 L∶ 16 D photoperiodic regimen than that in the 16 L∶ 8 D photoperiodic regimen. Levels of those hormones decreased on day 7 and day 28 when the 16 L∶ 8 D photoperiodic regimen was used continuously. It was concluded that serum concentrations of the hormones increased in summer when short day （8 L∶ 16 D） was used and decreased when the goats were transferred from short day for 42 d to long day exposure for 28 d. We suggest that in summer, levels of hormones changing may be due to short day animals. Changing of related hormones is still determined by the mechanism of internal regulation of short day animal s exposure to light changes. Shortening light may also help increase the reproductive activity of goat and thus increase productivity.

关键词： Photoperiod PRL MLT TSH FSH LH Goat Introduction

Behavioral Observations on Introduced Hu Sheep in Henan Province,China

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第5期18卷 848-853,861页

作者： Yuqin WANG Zhilong TIAN Huibin SHI Qiujue WU Fang YANG Yuanxiao LI Xiaohui ZHANG Jianping WANG mingxing chu College of Animal Science and Technology Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003 China Mutton Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province Luoyang 471003 China Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193 China

Hu Sheep is a local sheep breed in the plain of Taihu, China. Due to the natural conditions in Taihu and human domestication, Hu Sheep is gradually featured with high adaptability, fast growth rate, early maturity and high productivity, which make them to be a unique and rare breed of sheep. In the present study, an experiment was conducted by means of instantaneous scan sampling, focal animal sampling and all-occurrence sampling to learn about Hu Sheep's behavior and activity pattern under certain feeding management and ecological condition. The result showed that the activity time budgets for several behaviors were different between rams and ewes, with respect to feeding (rams 30.60% vs. ewes 33.23%), ruminating (33.43% vs.35.30%); sleeping (19.92% vs. 13.69%), standing (4.13% vs. 5.26%), moving (8.10% vs. 7.46%), and other behaviors (3.86% vs.5.06%). A circadian activity rhythm was shown in some behaviors; e.g., total feeding time was greater in the daytime than at night, whereas resting time showed the opposite tendency. Moving mostly occurred in the daytime, and ruminating mainly occurred at night. Additionally, feeding activity occurred 32.22 times per day in rams and 31.73 times per day in ewes, whereas ruminating activity after feeding occurred 19.83 times per day in rams and 24.34 times per day in ewes. For each food bolus,the average ruminating time was 51.22 s in rams and 49.52 s in ewes, with 68.22 bouts of rumination per day in rams and57.35 bouts of rumination in ewes. By conducting the experiment, we studied and grasped the local Hu Sheep's main behavior and regularity which are of great significance on improving the feeding management and reducing diseases.

关键词： Hu sheep Ecological behavior Feeding management

TGF-β通路相关基因在绵羊性腺轴组织的表达分析

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东北农业大学学报 2021年第2期52卷 43-49页

作者：李芝丰孙伟储明星中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所/农业农村部动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室北京100193 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院江苏扬州225009 教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室江苏扬州225009

为探究候选基因INHBB、SMAD4和FGF18对发情性状及BMP6、TGFBR2和SKP1对产羔数的影响机制,利用荧光定量PCR分别检测INHBB、SMAD4和FGF18在FecB_(++)型卵泡期和黄体期小尾寒羊,以及BMP6、TGFBR2和SKP1在FecB^(++)和FecB^(BB)型卵泡期小尾寒羊下丘脑、垂体、卵巢、输卵管和子宫中表达差异。INHBB在小尾寒羊5个组织中均表达,垂体和卵巢中表达量最高,卵泡期卵巢和子宫中INHBB表达量极显著高于黄体期(P<0.01),黄体期输卵管中表达量极显著高于卵泡期输卵管(P<0.01);SMAD4在小尾寒羊5个组织中均表达,在垂体中表达量最高,黄体期子宫中SMAD4表达量极显著高于卵泡期子宫(P<0.01);在小尾寒羊5个组织中,FGF18在输卵管中表达量最高,垂体中表达量低,卵泡期输卵管中该基因表达量极显著高于黄体期(P<0.01);BMP6在小尾寒羊5个组织中均表达,垂体中表达量最高,FecB^(BB)型下丘脑中BMP6表达量极显著高于FecB^(++)(P<0.01);TGFBR2在小尾寒羊5个组织中均表达,卵巢中表达量最高,FecB^(++)型子宫中TGFBR2表达量极显著高于FecB^(BB)型(P<0.01);SKP1在小尾寒羊5个组织中均表达,下丘脑和垂体中表达量最高,FecB^(BB)型垂体中SKP1表达量极显著高于FecB^(++)(P<0.01)。研究显示这6个基因可能对绵羊繁殖力有一定影响。

关键词：绵羊产羔数发情周期候选基因组织表达

昼夜节律与雌激素协同调控哺乳动物生殖的研究进展

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畜牧兽医学报 2023年第5期54卷 1771-1781页

作者：王唯贺小云储明星中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所、农业农村部动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室北京100193

昼夜节律系统是哺乳动物的内部计时系统,在大多数动物中,下丘脑视交叉神经上核(suprachiasmatic nucleus,SCN)是主要的昼夜节律时钟,通过协调动物机体各个组织的时钟使内部节律与环境周期一致。SCN核心区细胞能够直接从内在光敏视网膜... 详细信息

昼夜节律系统是哺乳动物的内部计时系统,在大多数动物中,下丘脑视交叉神经上核(suprachiasmatic nucleus,SCN)是主要的昼夜节律时钟,通过协调动物机体各个组织的时钟使内部节律与环境周期一致。SCN核心区细胞能够直接从内在光敏视网膜神经节细胞(intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell,ipRGCs)接收光信号,其内源性振荡决定了整个动物的行为和生理节律。雌激素能够调节哺乳动物的多个生理过程,包括但不限于发情周期的节律行为,雌激素通过和SCN协同调节GnRH分泌、LH峰以及排卵,最终影响哺乳动物的生殖过程。本文综述了哺乳动物雌激素分泌和昼夜节律、雌激素和昼夜节律之间的分子联系以及二者对雌性哺乳动物繁殖调控机制3个方面的最新研究进展,以期为深入探究雌性哺乳动物繁殖的节律和激素调控机制提供参考。

关键词：哺乳动物昼夜节律雌激素下丘脑视交叉上核繁殖调控

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生物钟作用机制及其对动物年节律产生的影响

遗传 2023年第5期45卷 409-424页

作者：杨阳储明星刘秋月中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所农业农村部动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室北京100193 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所种子创新研究院北京100101

生物钟几乎存在于所有生命体,是生物适应外界环境的每日周期性变化而产生的内部活动。生物钟在体内受转录-翻译-负反馈环路调控,能调节组织、器官的活动,其正常维持对生物的健康、生长、繁殖等具有重要意义。与之相对,由于环境的四季变... 详细信息

生物钟几乎存在于所有生命体,是生物适应外界环境的每日周期性变化而产生的内部活动。生物钟在体内受转录-翻译-负反馈环路调控,能调节组织、器官的活动,其正常维持对生物的健康、生长、繁殖等具有重要意义。与之相对,由于环境的四季变化,生物也形成了体内的年周期生理变化,如季节性发情、昆虫滞育等。生物的年节律在外部主要受光周期为主的环境因素影响,在体内则与基因表达、激素含量和细胞组织形态的变化有关。褪黑素是识别外部光周期变化的重要信号,而生物钟在垂体解析褪黑素信号并调控下游信号变化中扮演着重要角色,对环境年度变化的识别和机体年节律的产生具有重要指导作用。本文通过介绍昆虫和哺乳动物的昼夜节律和年节律产生的机制,并结合鸟类的年节律,综述了生物钟对年节律产生影响的作用机制研究进展,以期为今后研究年节律的影响机制提供更广泛的思路。

关键词：生物钟年节律分子机制昆虫哺乳动物

绵羊INHBB、SMAD4和FGF18基因的双荧光素酶载体构建及其与miR-370-3p的靶向验证

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中国畜牧兽医 2021年第9期48卷 3109-3117页

作者：李芝丰储明星孙伟扬州大学动物科学与技术学院扬州225009 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所农业农村部动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室北京100193 教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室扬州225009

为研究绵羊输卵管功能相关的oar-miR-370-3p与抑制素亚基βB(inhibin subunit beta B,INHBB)、SMAD家族成员4(SMAD family member 4,SMAD4)和成纤维细胞生长因子18(fibroblast growth factor 18,FGF18)基因之间的靶向关系,本研究对多个物种(绵羊、人、小鼠、大鼠、猕猴、豚鼠和兔)中miR-370-3p的序列进行了比对,利用RNAhybrid程序预测绵羊miR-370-3p与INHBB、SMAD4和FGF18基因的3′UTR可能存在的结合位点,随后分别构建INHBB、SMAD4和FGF18基因3′UTR的野生型和突变型双荧光素酶载体,并将其与miR-370-3p mimics、mimics NC共转染至HEK293T细胞,检测双荧光素酶活性。结果表明,绵羊miR-370-3p序列与其他6个物种不同,但具有一定的保守性。RNAhybrid程序预测到oar-miR-370-3p与INHBB、SMAD4和FGF18基因的3′UTR存在结合位点。PCR扩增结果和测序结果表明,INHBB、SMAD4和FGF18基因3′UTR的野生型和突变型载体构建成功。共转染INHBB、SMAD4和FGF18野生型载体和miR-370-3p mimics的双荧光素酶活性极显著或显著低于相应的对照组(P0.05)。表明INHBB、SMAD4和FGF18基因的3′UTR区域均能与miR-370-3p结合并抑制双荧光素酶活性,验证了INHBB、SMAD4和FGF18基因均是miR-370-3p的靶基因,为进一步研究oar-miR-370-3p影响绵羊输卵管功能与绵羊繁殖力的分子机制提供依据。

关键词：抑制素亚基βB SMAD家族成员4 成纤维细胞生长因子18 miR-370-3p 双荧光素酶