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Space- and ground-based CO_2 measurements： A review

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第11期59卷 2089-2097页

作者： YUE TianXiang ZHANG LiLi zhao mingwei WANG YiFu John WILSON State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research Beijing 100101 China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210046 China Anhui Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Integration and Application Chuzhou University Chuzhou 239012 China Spatial Sciences Institute University of Southern California Los Angles CA90089-0374 USA

The climate warming is mainly due to the increase in concentrations of anthropogenic greenhouse gases, of which CO_2 is the most important one responsible for radiative forcing of the climate. In order to reduce the great estimation uncertainty of atmospheric CO_2 concentrations, several CO_2-related satellites have been successfully launched and many future greenhouse gas monitoring missions are planned. In this paper, we review the development of CO_2 retrieval algorithms, spatial interpolation methods and ground observations. The main findings include: 1) current CO_2 retrieval algorithms only partially account for atmospheric scattering effects; 2) the accurate estimation of the vertical profile of greenhouse gas concentrations is a long-term challenge for remote sensing techniques; 3) ground-based observations are too sparse to accurately infer CO_2 concentrations on regional scales; and 4) accuracy is the primary challenge of satellite estimation of CO_2 concentrations. These findings, taken as a whole, point to the need to develop a high accuracy method for simulation of carbon sources and sinks on the basis of the fundamental theorem of Earth's surface modelling, which is able to efficiently fuse space- and ground-based measurements on the one hand and work with atmospheric transport models on the other hand.

关键词： Accuracy Carbon satellites Retrieval algorithms Space-and ground-based measurements HASM

On the topographic entity-oriented digital elevation model construction method for urban area land surface

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2021年第3期15卷 580-594页

作者： mingwei zhao Ling JIANG Chun WANG Cancan YANG Xin YANG College of Geographic and Tourism Chuzhou UniversityChuzhou 239000China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Beijing 100101China College of Foreign Languages Chuzhou UniversityChuzhou 239000China

Human activity transforms a land surface into a complex surface where artificial and natural landforms coexist and continuous and emergent landforms *** this background,the problems of conventional digital elevation models(DEMs),such as morphological distortion,complicated updates,and lack of information,are increasingly *** study proposes a new idea of DEM construction based on the concept of geographic ***,landforms with common features are abstracted into a certain type of topographic entity based on their morphologies and *** each type of topographic entity,a DEM was constructed independently based on the available elevation information and other information about the semantics and spatial ***,individual DEMs were merged into a complete DEM following certain rules.A 1 km2 area located in the suburb of Nanjing,Jiangsu Province,China,was selected as the experimental *** effectiveness of the model construction method proposed in this study was *** results show that the DEM constructed according to the idea of this study has a significantly better performance than the conventional *** constructed DEM in this study can well represent ground objects,such as slopes,farmland,and *** particular,the constructed DEM ensures the morphological accuracy of the ground objects.

关键词： topographic entity DEM urban area artificial strip terrain morphological accuracy

Extraction of lacunarity variation index for revealing the slope pattern in the Loess Plateau of China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2021年第1期15卷 94-105页

作者： Ziyang DAI Fayuan LI mingwei zhao Lanhua LUO Haoyang JIAO School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Ministry of Education) Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Land Information Engineering Chuzhou UniversityChuzhou 239000China

Lacunarity analysis is frequently used in multiscale and spatial pattern ***,the explanation for the lacunarity analysis results is limited mainly at a qualitative description *** other words,this approach can be used to judge whether the spatial pattern of the objective is regular,random or aggregated in *** lacunarity analysis,however,cannot afford many quantitative ***,this study proposed the lacunarity variation index(LVI)to reflect the rates of variation of lacunarity with the *** comparison with lacunarity analysis,the simulated experiments show that the LVI analysis can distinguish the basic spatial pattern of the geography objects more clearly and detect the scale of aggregated *** experiment showed that different slope types in the Loess Plateau display aggregated patterns,and the characteristic scales of these patterns were detected using the slope pattern in the Loess Plateau as the research *** study can improve the spatial pattern analysis and scale detecting methods,as well as provide a new method for landscape and vegetation community pattern *** analysis is frequently used in multiscale and spatial pattern ***,the explanation for the lacunarity analysis results is limited mainly at a qualitative description *** other words,this approach can be used to judge whether the spatial pattern of the objective is regular,random or aggregated in *** lacunarity analysis,however,cannot afford many quantitative ***,this study proposed the lacunarity variation index(LVI)to reflect the rates of variation of lacunarity with the *** comparison with lacunarity analysis,the simulated experiments show that the LVI analysis can distinguish the basic spatial pattern of the geography objects more clearly and detect the scale of aggregated *** experiment showed that different slope types in the Loess Plateau display aggregated patterns,and th

关键词： lacunarity variation index(LVI) slope pattern characteristic scale the Loess Plateau digital elevation model(DEM)

Sensitivity studies of a high accuracy surface modeling method

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第10期57卷 2386-2396页

作者： zhao Na YUE TianXiang zhao mingwei DU ZhengPing FAN ZeMeng CHEN ChuanFa State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Geomatics College Shandong University of Science and Technology

The sensitivities of the initial value and the sampling information to the accuracy of a high accuracy surface modeling(HASM) are investigated and the implementations of this new modeling method are modified and enhanced. Based on the fundamental theorem of surface theory, HASM is developed to correct the error produced in geographical information system and ecological modeling process. However, the earlier version of HASM is theoretically incomplete and its initial value must be produced by other surface modeling methods, such as spline, which limit its promotion. In other words, we must use other interpolators to drive HASM. According to the fundamental theorem of surface theory, we modify HASM, namely ***, by adding another important nonlinear equation to make it independent of other methods and, at the same time, have a complete and solid theory foundation. Two mathematic surfaces and monthly mean temperature of 1951–2010 are used to validate the effectiveness of the new method. Experiments show that the modified version of HASM is insensitive to the selection of initial value which is particular important for HASM. We analyze the sensitivities of sampling error and sampling ratio to the simulation accuracy of ***. It is found that sampling information plays an important role in the simulation accuracy of ***. Another feature of the modified version of HASM is that it is theoretically perfect as it considers the third equation of the surface theory which reflects the local warping of the surface. The modified HASM may be useful with a wide range of spatial interpolation as it would no longer rely on other interpolation methods.

关键词： HASM spatial interpolation initial value sensitivity accuracy temperature

Weighted Zernike defocus coefficient of treatment zone is a meaningful indicator for myopia control efficacy of Ortho‑K lenses

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Eye and Vision 2024年第5期10卷 1-7页

作者： Yuzhuo Fan Yan Li Kai Wang Jia Qu mingwei zhao Institute of Medical Technology Peking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China Department of Ophthalmology&Clinical Center of Optometry Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China College of Optometry Peking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina Eye Disease and Optometry Institute Peking University People’s HospitalBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases BeijingChina School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina

Background:The goal of this study was to reproduce a three-dimensional representation of corneal defocus characteristics after orthokeratology(Ortho-K)treatment via an indicator defined as the weighted Zernike defocus coefficient of the treatment zone(Cweighted defocus).This could be used to predict the effectiveness of Ortho-K treatment quantitatively in a timely manner after the one-month ***:Seventy myopic children with axial length(AL)elongation after Ortho-K treatment(group A)and 63 myopic children with AL shortening after Ortho-K treatment(group B)were included in this one-year retrospective *** proposed indicator was calculated by a customized MATLAB *** binomial logistic regression and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to explore the association between AL change and the C_(weighted defocus),age,sex,and other ocular biometric ***:The 12-month AL change,age,pupil diameter,and vertical decentration of the Ortho-K lens were significantly different between the two *** logistic regression analysis showed that a larger Cweighted defocus(≥0.35 D/mm2)(OR:0.224;95%CI:0.078–0.646;P=0.006)was correlated with the emergence of AL shortening after orthokeratology treatment.A multivariate linear regression model showed that a greater Cweighted defocus was associated with slower 12-month AL elongation(β=−0.51,P=0.001).Conclusions:The Cweighted defocus is an effective predictive indicator of myopia control,and a larger Cweighted defocus may lead to slower elongation of *** meaningful indicator may help in the evaluation and adjustment of Ortho-K lens parameters in a timely manner and minimize the cost of clinical trial and error.

关键词： Myopia Orthokeratology Axial length Defocus Zernike

A high-accuracy method for simulating the XCO_2 global distribution using GOSAT retrieval data

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第1期60卷 143-155页

作者： zhao mingwei ZHANG XingYing YUE TianXiang WANG Chun JIANG Ling SUN JingLu Anhui Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Integration and Application Chuzhou University National Satellite Meteorology Center China Meteorological Administration State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences Anhui Institute of Economics

A high-accuracy surface modeling （HASM） method based on the fimdamental theorem of surfaces, is developed to simulate XCO2 surfaces using the GOSAT retrieval XCO2 data. Two tests are designed to investigate the simulation accuracy. The first test divides the existing satellite retrieval XCO2 data into training points and testing points, and simulates the XCO2 surface using the training points while computing the simulation error using the testing points. The absolute mean error （MAE） of the testing points is 1.189 ppmv, and the corresponding values of the comparison methods, Ordinary Kriging, IDW, and Spline are 1.203, 1.301, and 1.355 ppmv, respectively. The second test simulates the XCO2 surface using all the satellite retrieval points and uses the TCCON （Total Carbon Column Observing Network） site observation values as the ture values. For the six typical TCCON sites, the HASM simulation MAE is 1.688 ppmv, and the satellite retrieval MAE at the same sites is 2.147 ppmv. These results indicate that HASM can successfully simulate XCO2 surfaces based on satellite retrieval data.

关键词： HASM GOSAT TCCON XCO2 surface

A DEM upscaling method with integrating valley lines based on HASM

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第3期18卷 509-525页

作者： mingwei zhao Xiaoxiao JU Na zhao Chun WANG Yan XU Xiaoran WU Weitao LI Geographic Information and Tourism College Chuzhou UniversityChuzhou 239000China College of Resource Environment and TourismCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Geo-information Smart Sensing and Services Chuzhou 239000China Anhui Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Integration and Application Chuzhou 239000China School of Geographic Information and Tourism Chuzhou UniversityChuzhou 239000China

A new digital elevation model(DEM)upscaling method based on high accuracy surface modeling(HASM)is proposed by combining the elevation information of DEM and the valley lines extracted from DEM with different flow accumulation *** proposed method has several advantages over traditional DEM upscaling ***,the HASM ensures the smoothness of the upscaled ***,several DEMs with different topographic details can be obtained using the same DEM grid size by incorporating the valley lines with different flow accumulation *** Jiuyuangou watershed in China’s Loess Plateau was used as a case study.A DEM with a grid size of 5 m obtained from the local surveying and mapping department was used to verify the proposed DEM upscaling *** established the surface complexity index to describe the complexity of the topographic surface and quantified the differences in the topographic features obtained from different upscaling *** results show that topography becomes more generalized as grid size and flow accumulation threshold *** a large DEM grid size,an increase in the flow accumulation threshold increases the difference in elevation values in different grids,increasing the surface complexity *** study provides a new DEM upscaling method suitable for quantifying topography.

关键词： DEM upscaling HASM flow accumulation threshold surface complexity index

Combining LPJ-GUESS and HASM to simulate the spatial distribution of forest vegetation carbon stock in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2014年第2期24卷 249-268页

作者： zhao mingwei YUE Tianxiang zhao Na SUN Xiaofang ZHANG Xingying State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciencesand Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 10010 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China School of Geography and Tourism Qufu Normal'University Rizhao276800 Shandong China National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

It is very important in accurately estimating the forests＇ carbon stock and spatial distribution in the regional scale because they possess a great rate in the carbon stock of the terrestrial ecosystem. Yet the current estimation of forest carbon stock in the regional scale mainly depends on the forest inventory data, and the whole process consumes too much labor, money and time. And meanwhile it has many negative influences on the forest carbon storage updating. In order to figure out these problems, this paper, based on High Accuracy Surface Modeling （HASM）, proposes a forest vegetation carbon storage simulation method. This new method employs the output of LPJ-GUESS model as initial values of HASM and uses the inventory data as sample points of HASM to simulate the distribution of forest carbon storage in China. This study also adopts the seventh forest resources statistics of China as the data source to generate sample points, and it also works as the simulation accuracy test. The HASM simulation shows that the total forest carbon storage of China is 9.2405 Pg, while the calculated value based on forest resources statistics are 7.8115 Pg. The forest resources statistics is taken based on a forest canopy closure, and the result of HASM is much more suitable to the real forest carbon storage. The simulation result also indicates that the southwestern mountain region and the northeastern forests are the important forest carbon reservoirs in China, and they account for 39.82% and 20.46% of the country＇s total forest vegetation carbon stock respectively. Compared with the former value （1975-1995）, it mani- fests that the carbon storage of the two regions do increase clearly. The results of this re- search show that the large-scale reforestation in the last decades in China attains a signifi- cant carbon sink.

关键词： forest carbon storage initial value sample points LPJ-GUESS HASM

Effects of prebiotics on the fermentation of traditional suancai of Northeast China

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1358-1367页

作者： mingwei zhao Xinying Cao Yuzheng Wu Sibo Zou Zhigao Li Xinping Lin Chaofan Ji Liang Dong Sufang Zhang Chenxu Yu Huipeng Liang National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction for Deep ProcessingCollaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep ProcessingSchool of Food Science and TechnologyDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Iowa State UniversityIA 50011USA

Suancai is a traditional fermented vegetable widely consumed in Northeast *** this study,different prebiotics were used to improve the quality of *** prebiotics(inulin(INU),xylooligosaccharide(XO S),galactooligosaccharide(GOS),and stachyose(STA))were shown to reduce the pH value and increase the content of total titratable acidity(TTA)in suancai,while the contents of most organic acids were also *** addition of prebiotics had significant effects on the bacterial microbiota during the suancai fermentation *** prebiotics were shown to contribute to the growth of *** suancai sample with fructooligosaccharides(FOS)had the highest relative abundance of ***,INU and XOS could increase the abundance of *** evaluate the quality of suancai fermented with prebiotics,profiles of volatile flavor compounds(VOCs)and free amino acids(FAA)were *** prebiotics affected the VOCs and FAA profiles via transforming the bacterial *** addition,the addition of prebiotics also changed the taste profiles of the suancai *** study is among the first attempts to reveal the effects of different prebiotics on suancai fermentation,and the findings provide a foundation to develop new ways for improving the quality of suancai.

关键词： Bacterial microbiota Lactic acid bacteria Flavor Amino acid Taste