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Mutual regulation of microglia and astrocytes after Gas6 inhibits spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 557-573页

作者： Jiewen Chen Xiaolin Zeng Le wang Wenwu Zhang gang Li Xing Cheng Peiqiang Su yong Wan Xiang Li Department of Spine Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Invasive inflammation and excessive scar formation are the main reasons for the difficulty in repairing nervous tissue after spinal cord *** and astrocytes play key roles in the spinal cord injury micro-environment and share a close ***,the mechanisms involved remain *** this study,we found that after spinal cord injury,resting microglia(M0)were polarized into pro-inflammatory phenotypes(MG1 and MG3),while resting astrocytes were polarized into reactive and scar-forming *** expression of growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6)and its receptor Axl were significantly down-regulated in microglia and astrocytes after spinal cord *** vitro experiments showed that Gas6 had negative effects on the polarization of reactive astrocytes and pro-inflammatory microglia,and even inhibited the cross-regulation between *** further demonstrated that Gas6 can inhibit the polarization of reactive astrocytes by suppressing the activation of the yes-associated protein signaling ***,in turn,inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia by suppressing the activation of the nuclear factor-κb/p65 and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling *** vivo experiments showed that Gas6 inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia and reactive astrocytes in the injured spinal cord,thereby promoting tissue repair and motor function ***,Gas6 may play a role in the treatment of spinal cord *** can inhibit the inflammatory pathway of microglia and polarization of astrocytes,attenuate the interaction between microglia and astrocytes in the inflammatory microenvironment,and thereby alleviate local inflammation and reduce scar formation in the spinal cord.

关键词： astrocytes Axl cell polarization Gas6 Hippo signal inflammatory micro-environment intercellular interaction microglia single-cell sequencing spinal cord injury

Characteristic changes in astrocyte properties during astrocyte-to-neuron conversion induced by NeuroD1/Ascl1/Dlx2

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1801-1815页

作者： Qing He Zhen wang yuchen wang Mengjie Zhu Zhile Liang Kanghong Zhang yuge Xu Gong Chen GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Direct in vivo conversion of astrocytes into functional new neurons induced by neural transcription factors has been recognized as a potential new therapeutic intervention for neural injury and degenerative disorders. However, a few recent studies have claimed that neural transcription factors cannot convert astrocytes into neurons, attributing the converted neurons to pre-existing neurons mis-expressing transgenes. In this study, we overexpressed three distinct neural transcription factors––NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2––in reactive astrocytes in mouse cortices subjected to stab injury, resulting in a series of significant changes in astrocyte properties. Initially, the three neural transcription factors were exclusively expressed in the nuclei of astrocytes. Over time, however, these astrocytes gradually adopted neuronal morphology, and the neural transcription factors was gradually observed in the nuclei of neuron-like cells instead of astrocytes. Furthermore,we noted that transcription factor-infected astrocytes showed a progressive decrease in the expression of astrocytic markers AQP4(astrocyte endfeet signal), CX43(gap junction signal), and S100β. Importantly, none of these changes could be attributed to transgene leakage into preexisting neurons. Therefore, our findings suggest that neural transcription factors such as NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2 can effectively convert reactive astrocytes into neurons in the adult mammalian brain.

关键词： aquaporin-4 Ascl1 astrocyte cortex Dlx2 gap junction glia-to-neuron conversion neural regeneration NeuroD1 reprogramming

Structural Modal Parameter Recognition and Related Damage Identification Methods under Environmental Excitations: A Review

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第1期19卷 25-54页

作者： Chao Zhang Shang-Xi Lai Hua-Ping wang School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials and Structural Design Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the ***,it is particularly signiﬁcant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientiﬁc basis for structural damage identiﬁcation and dynamic model modiﬁ*** view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and brieﬂy describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal *** paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),brieﬂy describes damage identiﬁcation methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artiﬁcial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation is further *** on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation methods are given to provide scientiﬁc references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.

关键词： Structural health monitoring data information modal parameters damage identiﬁcation AI method

Advancements and Challenges in Organic–Inorganic Composite Solid Electrolytes for All‑Solid‑State Lithium batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 46-97页

作者： Xueyan Zhang Shichao Cheng Chuankai Fu Geping yin Liguang wang yongmin Wu Hua Huo State Key Laboratory of Space Power‑Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China College of Chemical and biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources 2965 Dongchuan RoadMinhang DistrictShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

To address the limitations of contemporary lithium-ion batteries,particularly their low energy density and safety concerns,all-solid-state lithium batteries equipped with solid-state electrolytes have been identified as an up-and-coming *** the various SEs,organic–inorganic composite solid electrolytes(OICSEs)that combine the advantages of both polymer and inorganic materials demonstrate promising potential for large-scale ***,OICSEs still face many challenges in practical applications,such as low ionic conductivity and poor interfacial stability,which severely limit their *** review provides a comprehensive overview of recent research advancements in ***,the influence of inorganic fillers on the main functional parameters of OICSEs,including ionic conductivity,Li+transfer number,mechanical strength,electrochemical stability,electronic conductivity,and thermal stability are systematically *** lithium-ion conduction mechanism of OICSE is thoroughly analyzed and concluded from the microscopic ***,the classic inorganic filler types,including both inert and active fillers,are categorized with special emphasis on the relationship between inorganic filler structure design and the electrochemical performance of ***,the advanced characterization techniques relevant to OICSEs are summarized,and the challenges and perspectives on the future development of OICSEs are also highlighted for constructing superior ASSLbs.

关键词： Composite solid electrolytes Inorganic filler Interfacial stability Li-ion conduction mechanism Characterization techniques

Fe_(0.02)/Ag_(x)-ZnO复合材料的合成及其光催化活性

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陕西科技大学学报 2025年第1期43卷 88-100页

作者：王远港王有杰孙铖赵显一渤海大学化学与材料工程学院辽宁锦州121013 锦州晨晟科技有限公司辽宁锦州121013

采用水热合成法及煅烧法,制备了不同掺杂量的Fe_(0.02)/Ag_(x)-ZnO复合材料,并考察了各催化剂对Rhb光催化降解活性.机理分析表明,Fe掺杂进ZnO,Fe^(3+)可以形成陷阱捕获e-,导致ZnO的导带下方形成一个Fe掺杂能级,促使缩短了ZnO的带隙,扩... 详细信息

采用水热合成法及煅烧法,制备了不同掺杂量的Fe_(0.02)/Ag_(x)-ZnO复合材料,并考察了各催化剂对Rhb光催化降解活性.机理分析表明,Fe掺杂进ZnO,Fe^(3+)可以形成陷阱捕获e-,导致ZnO的导带下方形成一个Fe掺杂能级,促使缩短了ZnO的带隙,扩大了光谱响应范围;Ag的掺入促使部分电子(e^(-))跃迁到Ag单质上,减小了禁带宽度,降低了电子跃迁所需的能量,抑制了e^(-)-h^(+)的复合,Fe_(0.02)/Ag_(x)-ZnO样品的新费米能级低于Fe-ZnO和ZnO的导带能级,导致其界面处的电荷分离;进一步研究Fe_(0.02)/Ag_(x)-ZnO复合材料对染料罗丹明b(Rhodamine b,Rhb)的光催化降解性能和循环使用性能.结果表明,Fe_(0.02)/Ag_(x)-ZnO复合材料可作为一种稳定、高效且可循环的光催化剂材料并用于污水处理,拓展了Fe_(0.02)/Ag_(x)-ZnO复合材料的应用.

关键词：电子跃迁费米能级禁带宽带光催化

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Reconstructed rheometer for direct monitoring of dewatering performance and torque in tailings thickening process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第11期27卷 1430-1437页

作者： yong wang Ai-xiang Wu Zhu-en Ruan Zhi-hui wang zong-su Wei gang-feng yang yi-ming wang School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Section for biological and Chemical Engineering Department of EngineeringAarhus UniversityHangøvej 2DK-8200Aarhus NDenmark

To further clarify the dewatering performance and torque evolution during the tailings thickening process,a self-made rake was connected to a rheometer to monitor the shear stress and *** dewatering performance of the total tailings was greatly improved to a solid mass fraction of 75.33%in 240 *** dewatering process could be divided into three stages:the rapid torque growth period,damping torque growth period,and constant torque thickening *** machine restart was found to have a significant effect on the rake torque;it could result in rake ***,the simultaneous evolution of the torque and solid mass fraction of thickened tailings was analyzed.A relationship between the torque and the solid mass fraction was established,which followed a power *** the experimental and theoretical results provide a reference for the deep cone thickener design and operation to enhance the dewatering performance.

关键词： tailings dewatering rake reconstructed rheometer torque monitoring

Einstein Probe discovery of EP240408a: A peculiar X-ray transient with an intermediate timescale

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 222-240页

作者： Wenda Zhang Weimin yuan Zhixing Ling yong Chen Nanda Rea Arne Rau Zhiming Cai Huaqing Cheng Francesco Coti Zelati Lixin Dai Jingwei Hu Shumei Jia Chichuan Jin Dongyue Li Paul O’brien Rongfeng Shen Xinwen Shu Shengli Sun Xiaojin Sun Xiaofeng wang Lei yang bing Zhang Chen Zhang Shuang-Nan Zhang yonghe Zhang Jie An David buckley Alexis Coleiro bertrand Cordier Liming Dou Rob Eyles-Ferris Zhou Fan Hua Feng Shaoyu Fu Johan P.U.Fynbo Lluis Galbany Saurabh W.Jha Shuaiqing Jiang Albert Kong Erik Kuulkers Weihua Lei Wenxiong Li bifang Liu Mingjun Liu Xing Liu yuan Liu Zhu Liu Chandreyee Maitra Alessio Marino Itumeleng Monageng Kirpal Nandra Jeremy Sanders Roberto Soria Lian Tao Junfeng wang Song wang Tinggui wang Zhongxiang wang Qingwen Wu Xuefeng Wu Dong Xu yanjun Xu Suijian Xue yongquan Xue Zijian Zhang Zipei Zhu Hu Zou Congying bao Fansheng Chen Houlei Chen Tianxiang Chen Wei Chen yehai Chen yifan Chen Chenzhou Cui Weiwei Cui yanfeng Dai Dongwei Fan Ju Guan Dawei Han Dongjie Hou Haibo Hu Maohai Huang Jia Huo Zhenqing Jia bowen Jiang Ge Jin Chengkui Li Junfei Li Longhui Li Maoshun Li Wei Li Zhengda Li Tianying Lian Congzhan Liu Heyang Liu Huaqiu Liu Fangjun Lu Laidan Luo Jia Ma Xuan Mao Haiwu Pan Xin Pan Liming Song Hui Sun yunyin Tan Qingjun Tang yihan Tao Hao wang Juan wang Lei wang Wenxin wang yilong wang yusa wang Qinyu Wu Haitao Xu Jingjing Xu Xinpeng Xu yunfei Xu Zhao Xu Changbin Xue yulong Xue Ailiang yan Haonan yang Xiongtao yang yanji yang Juan Zhang Mo Zhang Wenjie Zhang Zhen Zhang Zhen Zhang Ziliang Zhang Donghua Zhao Haisheng Zhao Xiaofan Zhao Zijian Zhao Hongyan Zhou yilin Zhou yuxuan Zhu Zhencai Zhu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Space Sciences (ICE) CSIC Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics University of Hong Kong School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester School of Physics and Astronomy Sun yat-sen University Department of Physics Anhui Normal University Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Physics Department Tsinghua University Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of Nevada Las Vegas Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las Vegas South African Astronomical Observatory Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Department of Physics University of the Free State Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Cité CEA Paris-Saclay IRFU/DAp-AIM Department of Astronomy Guangzhou University Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) Niels bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers the State University of New Jersey Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo ESA/ESTEC Department of Astronomy School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Sydney Institute for Astronomy School of Physics The University of Sydney Department of Astronomy Xiamen University Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics beijing Normal University Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration Laboratory Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomy yunnan University Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chi

We report the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient,EP240408a,by Einstein Probe （EP） and follow-up studies made with EP,Swift,NICER,GROND,ATCA and other ground-based multiwavelength *** new transient was first detected with Wide-field X-ray Telescope （WXT） on board EP on April 8th,2024,manifested in an intense yet brief X-ray flare lasting for *** flare reached a peak flux of 3.9×10-9erg cm-2s-1in 0.5-4 ke V,～300 times brighter than the underlying X-ray emission detected throughout the *** and more precise follow-up observations by EP/FXT,Swift and NICER confirmed the finding of this new *** X-ray spectrum is non-thermal in 0.5-10 ke V,with a power-law photon index varying *** X-ray light curve shows a plateau lasting for ～4 d,followed by a steep decay till becoming undetectable ～10 d after the initial *** on its temporal property and constraints from previous EP observations,an unusual timescale in the range of 7-23 d is found for EP240408a,which is intermediate between the commonly found fast and long-term *** counterparts have been found in optical and near-infrared,with the earliest observation at 17 h after the initial X-ray detection,suggestive of intrinsically weak emission in these *** demonstrate that the remarkable properties of EP240408a are inconsistent with any of the transient types known so far,by comparison with,in particular,jetted tidal disruption events,gamma-ray bursts,X-ray binaries and fast blue optical *** nature of EP240408a thus remains an *** suggest that EP240408a may represent a new type of transients with intermediate timescales of the order of～10 *** detection and follow-ups of more of such objects are essential for revealing their origin.

关键词： X-ray transients ${\bm~{Einstein~~Probe}}$

Differential distribution of PINK1 and Parkin in the primate brain implies distinct roles

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1124-1134页

作者： yanting Liu Wei Huang Jiayi Wen Xin Xiong Ting Xu Qi wang Xiusheng Chen Xianxian Zhao Shihua Li Xiaojiang Li Weili yang Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education)Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao CNS Regeneration Institute of Jinan UniversityJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

The vast majority of in vitro studies have demonstrated that PINK1 phosphorylates Parkin to work together in mitophagy to protect against neuronal ***,it remains largely unclear how PINK1 and Parkin are expressed in mammalian *** has been difficult to address because of the intrinsically low levels of PINK1 and undetectable levels of phosphorylated Parkin in small *** this issue is critical for elucidating the in vivo roles of PINK1 and ***,we showed that the PINK1 kinase is selectively expressed as a truncated form(PINK1–55)in the primate *** the present study,we used multiple antibodies,including our recently developed monoclonal anti-PINK1,to validate the selective expression of PINK1 in the primate *** found that PINK1 was stably expressed in the monkey brain at postnatal and adulthood stages,which is consistent with the findings that depleting PINK1 can cause neuronal loss in developing and adult monkey ***1 was enriched in the membrane-bound fractionations,whereas Parkin was soluble with a distinguishable *** double staining experiments showed that PINK1 and Parkin did not colocalize under physiological conditions in cultured monkey astrocytes,though they did colocalize on mitochondria when the cells were exposed to mitochondrial *** findings suggest that PINK1 and Parkin may have distinct roles beyond their well-known function in mitophagy during mitochondrial damage.

关键词： neurodegeneration Parkin Parkinson’s disease PINK1 subcellular distribution

The power of comments： fostering social interactions in microblog networks

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2016年第5期10卷 889-907页

作者： Tianyi wang yang CHEN yi wang bolun wang gang wang Xing LI Haitao ZHENG ben y. ZHAO Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Beijing 100084 China Department of Computer Science University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106-5110 USA School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai 201203 China Department of Mathematics Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13244-1150 USA

Today＇s ubiquitous online social networks serve multiple purposes, including social communication （Face- book, Renren）, and news dissemination （Twitter）. but how does a social network＇s design define its functionality？ An- swering this would need social network providers to take a proactive role in defining and guiding user behavior. In this paper, we first take a step to answer this question with a data-driven approach, through measurement and anal- ysis of the Sina Weibo microblogging service. Often com- pared to Twitter because of its format, Weibo is interesting for our analysis because it serves as a social communication tool and a platform for news dissemination, too. While similar to Twitter in functionality, Weibo provides a distinguishing feature, comments, allowing users to form threaded con- versations around a single tweet. Our study focuses on this feature, and how it contributes to interactions and improves social engagement. We use analysis of comment interactions to uncover their role in social interactivity, and use comment graphs to demonstrate the structure of Weibo users interac- tions. Finally, we present a case study that shows the impact of comments in malicious user detection, a key application on microblogging systems. That is, using properties of com- ments significantly improves the accuracy in both modeling and detection of malicious users.

关键词： microblogs comments social and interactiongraph user behavior