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Effect of synergistic urea by nitrification inhibitor coated with resin on wheat growth and soil nitrogen supply

Pedosphere 2024年第5期 960-970页

作者： Yaru GE Yu LI Yuanjie DONG mingrong he Xinglong DAI College of Resources and Environment Shandong Agricultural University Agronomy College Shandong Agricultural University

Combining nitrification inhibitor and urea can improve crop yield and nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE). However, the inhibitor easily gets inactivated in soil, making it difficult to achieve the desired effect. To develop a synergistic urea for increasing the inhibitor action time, soil N supply, and wheat growth,dicyandiamide (DCD) was coated after granulation with epoxy resin and then mixed with urea to develop new resin-coated DCD (RCD) synergistic *** electron microscopy (SEM) and hydrostatic release tests were used to evaluate the membrane microstructure and the controlled-release performance of RCD. Five fertilization treatments were set up in the field:zero-N control (CK), urea (U), urea+common DCD particles (SUD1), urea+RCD (SUD2),and urea+both common DCD particles and RCD (3:7, weight/weight)(SUD3) to investigate the effects of the DCD synergistic urea on wheat growth, yield,and NUE and soil available N content. The SEM results showed that RCD had a complete coating, smooth surface, and small and rugged channels for DCD release in the profile. The hydrostatic release test at 25?C showed that the release period of DCD was extended to ten days due to resin coating. In the three DCD synergistic urea treatments, only SUD3 resulted in a significant increase in wheat yield (18.47%) compared with U. The NUE in SUD3 was significantly higher than those in SUD2, U, and SUD1. The treatment SUD3 had higher soil available N content than the other treatments during the key wheat growth stages, while effectively reducing the risk of soil nitrate leaching during wheat maturity. In summary, SUD3, a mixture of urea, DCD particles, and RCD, was the best treatment for significantly increasing wheat growth, yield, and NUE and soil N supply.

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极端服役多工况风电齿轮箱箱体轻量化设计

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现代制造工程 2024年第9期 152-159页

作者：叶楠张传棻王荣贺明荣张雁辉段书用河北工业大学省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室天津300401 河北工业大学机械工程学院天津300401 西安交通大学复杂服役环境重大装备结构强度与寿命全国重点实验室西安710049 天津市华建天恒传动有限责任公司天津301800

风电齿轮箱箱体轻量化设计对降低风机成本、提升风机功率密度及结构力学性能具有重要意义。受极端风况及气候条件影响,箱体长期遭受来自传动系统的无规律载荷冲击,导致优化设计过程中面临工况覆盖不全面、模型简化不合理以及材料利用率... 详细信息

风电齿轮箱箱体轻量化设计对降低风机成本、提升风机功率密度及结构力学性能具有重要意义。受极端风况及气候条件影响,箱体长期遭受来自传动系统的无规律载荷冲击,导致优化设计过程中面临工况覆盖不全面、模型简化不合理以及材料利用率低等问题;因此,在考虑多种极端服役工况作用与模型合理等效的基础上,对箱体进行轻量化设计。基于模态试验对模型准确性验证的前提下,以箱体最小质量为优化目标,不同极限工况下箱体最大应力为约束条件,对箱体组成部件中主壳体、过渡板和后壳体进行了多工况优化设计,并对改进前后箱体性能进行对比。结果表明,优化后箱体的质量减小了4.7%(549.8 kg),不同工况下最大位移和应力均大幅度减小。轻量化设计的同时提高了箱体的强度与刚度,可为风电齿轮箱的设计改进提供参考。

关键词：极端服役工况多工况轻量化风电齿轮箱箱体模态试验

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Delayed sowing can increase lodging resistance while maintaining grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat

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The Crop Journal 2017年第6期5卷 541-552页

作者： Xinglong Dai Yuechao Wang Xiuchun Dong Taifeng Qian Lijun Yin Shuxin Dong Jinpeng Chu mingrong he State Key Lab of Crop Biology/College of Agronomy Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong China Key Lab of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System Ministry of Agriculture Tai'an 271018 Shandong China College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 Hubei China Jining Agricultural Technology Extension Station Jining 272037 Shandong China

Lodging resistance of winter wheat(Trnticum aestivum L.) can be increased by late ***, whether grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) can be maintained with delayed sowing remains unknown. During the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 growing seasons, two winter wheat cultivars were sown on three dates(early sowing on October 1, normal so,wing on October8, and late sowing on October 15) to investigate the responses of lodging resistance, grain yield,and NUE to sowing date. No significant differences in lodging resistance, grain yield, or NUE between early and normal sowing were observed. Averaging over the two cultivars and years,postponing the sowing date significantly increased lodging resistance by 53.6% and 49.6%compared with that following early and normal sowing, respectively. Lodging resistance was improved mainly through a reduction in the culm height at the center of gravity and an increase in the tensile strength of the base internode. Late sowing resulted in similar grain yield as well as kernel weight and number of kernels per square meter, compared to early and normal *** over the two cultivars and years, delayed sowing resulted in a reduction in nitrogen uptake efficiency(UPE) by 11.0% and 9.9% compared to early and normal sowing, respectively,owing to reduced root length density and dry matter accumulation before anthesis. An average increase in nitrogen utilization efficiency(UTE) of 12.9% and 11.2% compared to early and normal sowing, respectively, was observed with late sowing owing to a reduction in the grain nitrogen concentration. The increase in UTE offset the reduction in UPE, resulting in equal NUEs among all sowing dates. Thus, sowing later than normal could increase lodging resistance while maintaining grain yield and NUE.

关键词： Grain yield Lodging resistance Nitrogen use efficiency Sowing date Winter wheat

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冲突与协调:对大学与幼儿园合作关系的文化考察

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学前教育研究 2010年第4期 60-62页

作者：徐宇何明蓉重庆市教育科学研究院重庆400015 重庆大渡口区教师进修学校重庆400084

目前大学与幼儿园的合作关系在理论上具有多种可能性,但现实中由于文化的差异,大学和幼儿园难以实现真正的合作。大学往往处于优势地位,擅长批判现实和描绘幼儿教育的理想世界;幼儿园则更多地关注实践与现实,并更多地受制于现有经济、... 详细信息

目前大学与幼儿园的合作关系在理论上具有多种可能性,但现实中由于文化的差异,大学和幼儿园难以实现真正的合作。大学往往处于优势地位,擅长批判现实和描绘幼儿教育的理想世界;幼儿园则更多地关注实践与现实,并更多地受制于现有经济、文化与政策条件而处于十分弱势的地位。两者之间的冲突在所难免,要想协调两者之间的文化差异,建立真正的合作学习型关系,不仅需要大学去自我中心主义,需要幼儿园努力建立文化信心,而且双方应致力于具有共同目标与价值取向的共生文化的建设与维护。

关键词：大学幼儿园合作冲突

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Biotin-modified Galactosylated Chitosan-gene Carrier in hepatoma Cells Targeting Delivery

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第2期39卷 522-531页

作者：程明荣张锋李清王华 Department of General Surgery Nanxiang Branch of Ruijin HospitalShanghai 201802China Minhang District Pujin Community health Service Center Shanghai 201112China hepatobiliary Surgery Center Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji UniversityShanghai 200065China

Our previous studies have successfully grafted biotin and galactose onto chitosan(CS)and synthesized biotin modified galactosylated chitosan(Bio-GC).The optimum N/P ratio of Bio-GC and plasmid DNA was 3:*** this N/P ratio,the transfection efficiency in the hepatoma cells was the highest with a slow release ***-GC nanomaterials exhibit the protective effect of preventing the gene from nuclease degradation,and can target the transfection into hepatoma cells by combination with galactose and biotin *** transfection rate was inhibited by the competition of galactose and ***-GC nanomaterials were imported into cells’cytoplasm by their receptors,followed by the imported exogenous gene transfected into the ***-GC nanomaterials can also cause inhibitory activity in the hepatoma cells in the model of orthotopic liver transplantation in mice,by carrying the gene through the blood to the hepatoma *** together,bio-GC nanomaterials act as gene vectors with the activity of protecting the gene from DNase degradation,improving the rate of transfection in hepatoma cells,and transporting the gene into the cytoplasm in vitro and in ***,they are efficient hepatoma-targeting gene carriers.

关键词： gene vector hepatocellular carcinoma nanoparticles sustained release gene therapy

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Association of interpregnancy interval and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in woman by different previous gestational ages

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第1期137卷 87-96页

作者： Peiran Chen Yi Mu Zheng Liu Yanping Wang Xiaohong Li Li Dai Qi Li mingrong Li Yanxia Xie Juan Liang Jun Zhu National Office for Maternal and Child health Surveillance of China West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610066China Department of Obstetrics West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610066China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Ministry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610066China

Background:With an increasing proportion of multiparas,proper interpregnancy intervals(IPIs)are urgently ***,the association between IPIs and adverse perinatal outcomes has always been *** study aimed to explore the association between IPIs and adverse outcomes in different fertility policy periods and for different previous gestational ***:We used individual data from China’s National Maternal Near Miss Surveillance System between 2014 and *** Poisson models with restricted cubic splines were *** adverse outcome was analyzed separately in the overall model and stratified *** stratified models included different categories of fertility policy periods(2014-2015,2016-2017,and 2018-2019)and infant gestational age in previous pregnancy(here were 781,731 pregnancies enrolled in this study.A short IPI(≤6 months)was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth(OR[95%CI]:1.63[1.55,1.71]for vaginal delivery[VD]and 1.10[1.03,1.19]for cesarean section[CS]),low Apgar scores and small for gestational age(SGA),and a decreased risk of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy,preeclampsia or eclampsia,and gestational hypertension.A long IPI(≥60 months)was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth(OR[95%CI]:1.18[1.11,1.26]for VD and 1.39[1.32,1.47]for CS),placenta previa,postpartum hemorrhage,diabetes mellitus in pregnancy,preeclampsia or eclampsia,and gestational *** policy changes had little effect on the association of IPIs and adverse maternal and neonatal *** estimated risk of preterm birth,low Apgar scores,SGA,diabetes mellitus in pregnancy,and gestational hypertension was more profound among women with previous term births than among those with preterm births or pregnancy ***:For pregnant women with shorter or longer IPIs,more targeted health care measures during pregnancy should be formulated according to infant gestational age in

关键词： Interpregnancy interval Fertility policy Gestational age Preterm birth Gestational hypertension Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy

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天然橡胶与生化抑制剂联合包膜控释尿素对土壤供氮及冬小麦生长的影响

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土壤学报 2022年第5期59卷 1408-1419页

作者：漆增连贺明荣代兴龙董元杰山东农业大学资源与环境学院山东泰安271018 山东农业大学农学院山东泰安271018

通过控制氮素的溶解与转化速率使其与小麦的需求相匹配,可提高施肥效益,实现小麦高产稳产和减轻环境污染。以天然橡胶为包膜材料与生化抑制剂涂层尿素联合包膜,制备了天然橡胶包膜尿素(CRU1)、正丁基硫代磷酰三胺(NBPT)涂层+天然橡胶包... 详细信息

通过控制氮素的溶解与转化速率使其与小麦的需求相匹配,可提高施肥效益,实现小麦高产稳产和减轻环境污染。以天然橡胶为包膜材料与生化抑制剂涂层尿素联合包膜,制备了天然橡胶包膜尿素(CRU1)、正丁基硫代磷酰三胺(NBPT)涂层+天然橡胶包膜尿素(CRU2)、3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)涂层+天然橡胶包膜尿素(CRU3)、NBPT+DMPP组合涂层+天然橡胶包膜尿素(CRU4)四种新型控释尿素。采用扫描电镜、25℃静水释放和土壤培养试验探讨了自制双控释尿素的微观结构、控释性能及NBPT和DMPP控制氮素转化效果,并通过田间试验,验证了四种控释尿素对土壤供氮能力及冬小麦生长的影响。结果表明,天然橡胶作为膜材料制备控释肥,成膜性好,剖面养分通道明显。25℃静水条件下,天然橡胶包膜控释肥控释期达60 d。与普通尿素(U)处理相比,各控释肥均能显著降低土壤氨气挥发速率,推后氨挥发峰值天数。与U相比,CRU1、CRU2、CRU3、CRU4在减氮10%条件下依然能显著提高土壤持续供氮能力,提高小麦产量。CRU4在降低冬小麦生育期内土壤脲酶活性、抑制土壤NH_(4)^(+)-N向NO_(3)^(-)-N的转化及减少土壤氨挥发等方面较单独添加NBPT和DMPP更优。与U相比,CRU1、CRU2、CRU3、CRU4冬小麦分别增产16.96%、21.46%、17.37%和25.90%。CRU4土壤氮素持续供应能力最强,冬小麦增产幅度最大,这表明将天然橡胶与抑制剂涂层尿素联合包膜制备的双控释尿素既能“控溶”又能“控转”,在氮素减施10%条件下,能够实现小麦高产、稳产。

关键词：控释肥天然橡胶脲酶抑制剂硝化抑制剂土壤氮小麦产量

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施氮量对不同小麦品种产量及氮素吸收利用的影响

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水土保持学报 2020年第4期34卷 241-248页

作者：王茂莹贺明荣李玉董元杰山东农业大学资源与环境学院山东泰安271018 山东农业大学农学院山东泰安271018

为给鲁中山区小麦的栽培选育及氮素利用率的提高提供科学依据,连续2年选用鲁中山区栽培面积较广的“泰农18号”“临麦4号”和“汶农5号”3个优质小麦品种,设置0,120,240 kg/hm2施氮水平,采用大田试验,研究不同小麦品种的产量及氮素利用... 详细信息

为给鲁中山区小麦的栽培选育及氮素利用率的提高提供科学依据,连续2年选用鲁中山区栽培面积较广的“泰农18号”“临麦4号”和“汶农5号”3个优质小麦品种,设置0,120,240 kg/hm2施氮水平,采用大田试验,研究不同小麦品种的产量及氮素利用效率等对施氮量的响应。结果表明,增施氮肥可以增加小麦叶片光合色素的合成与积累,促进光合作用,提高小麦干物质积累及其向籽粒的转运,有利于小麦群体的构建,促进产量形成,3个小麦品种在N120和N240水平下的产量较N0水平分别增加0.67~2.10,0.97~2.62倍;随着施氮量的增加,小麦对氮肥的响应度减小,氮素吸收、利用效率和氮肥偏生产力、农学效率显著降低。品种差异对小麦生长和产量形成有显著影响。相同施氮量下,小麦各项指标均表现为“泰农18号”>“临麦4号”>“汶农5号”,“泰农18号”产量最高,具有更强的氮素吸收和利用能力,而“汶农5号”对氮素最为敏感,“泰农18号”在N0水平下的产量较“临麦4号”和“汶农5号”分别增加15.83%~26.42%和34.50%~42.43%,在N120水平下分别增加4.97%~5.05%和12.23%~12.54%,在N240水平下分别增加4.13%~5.75%和8.49%~11.08%。综上,在本试验条件下,鲁中山区小麦最佳施氮量为240 kg/hm2,“泰农18号”为最适宜推广小麦品种,“汶农5号”具有较大的增产潜力,可为小麦品种选育提供科学依据。

关键词：施氮量小麦品种产量氮素吸收利用光合色素干物质积累

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花后不同时期弱光和高温胁迫对小麦旗叶荧光特性及籽粒灌浆进程的影响

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应用生态学报 2005年第11期16卷 2117-2121页

作者：刘霞尹燕枰姜春明贺明荣王振林山东农业大学农学院农业部小麦栽培生理与遗传改良重点开放实验室山东省作物生物学重点实验室泰安271018

在田间试验条件下研究了花后不同时期弱光和高温胁迫对小麦旗叶荧光特性及籽粒灌浆进程的影响.结果表明,弱光处理3 d后,旗叶PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和光合速率(Pn)显著降低,但PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ФPSⅡ)、荧光光化学猝灭系数(qP)和... 详细信息

在田间试验条件下研究了花后不同时期弱光和高温胁迫对小麦旗叶荧光特性及籽粒灌浆进程的影响.结果表明,弱光处理3 d后,旗叶PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和光合速率(Pn)显著降低,但PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ФPSⅡ)、荧光光化学猝灭系数(qP)和非光化学猝灭(NPQ)与对照相比差异较小;高温处理3 d后,Fv/Fm、Pn、ФPSⅡ和qP均极显著降低,NPQ升高幅度较小.胁迫解除后,灌浆前期(花后8～10d)弱光和高温处理后的旗叶荧光参数和光合速率略有恢复,但灌浆中期(花后15～17 d)处理后的各参数始终呈下降趋势,说明前期处理效应是可逆的,而中期处理加速其衰老进程.用Logistic方程对各处理的籽粒灌浆过程模拟表明,弱光和高温处理后籽粒粒重的降低主要是平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率和渐增期灌浆速率显著降低所致.灌浆持续期、最大灌浆速率出现时间、缓增持续期和缓增期灌浆速率受弱光和高温影响较小.

关键词：弱光高温荧光灌浆小麦

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Adenylate kinase phosphate energy shuttle underlies energetic communication in flagellar axonemes

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1697-1714页

作者： Huan Wu Yanman Zhang Yuqian Li Shuya Sun Jintao Zhang Qingsong Xie Yue Dong Shushu Zhou Xuan Sha Kuokuo Li Jinyi Chen Xin Zhang Yang Gao Qunshan Shen Guanxiong Wang Xiaomin Zha Zongliu Duan Dongdong Tang Chuan Xu Hao Geng mingrong Lv Yuping Xu Ping Zhou Zhaolian Wei Rong Hua Yunxia Cao Mingxi Liu Xiaojin he Reproductive Medicine Center Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring health Department of Histology and EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring health The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityTaizhou School of Clinical MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Reproductive Medicine Center Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring health Clinical Center of Reproductive MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract(Anhui Medical University) Hefei 230032China Key Laboratory of Population health Across Life Cycle(Anhui Medical University) Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of ChinaHefei 230032China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive health and Genetics Hefei 230032China Biopreservation and Artificial Organs Anhui Provincial Engineering Research CenterAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China

The complexities of energy transfer mechanisms in the flagella of mammalian sperm flagella have been intensively investigated and demonstrate significant diversity across *** shuttles,particularly adenylate kinase(AK)and creatine kinase(CK),are pivotal in the efficient transfer of intracellular ATP,showing distinct tissue-and ***,the expression profiles of AK and CK were investigated in mice and found to fall into four subgroups,of which Subgroup III AKs were observed to be unique to the male reproductive system and conserved across *** AK8 and AK9 were found to be indispensable to male reproduction after analysis of an infertile male *** mouse models showed that AK8 and AK9 were central to promoting sperm *** combined with mass spectrometry revealed that AK8 and AK9 interact with the radial spoke(RS)of the *** of various human and mouse sperm samples with substructural damage,including the presence of multiple RS subunits,showed that the head of radial spoke 3 acts as an adapter for AK9 in the flagellar *** an ATP probe together with metabolomic analysis,it was found that AK8 and AK9 cooperatively regulated ATP transfer in the axoneme,and were concentrated at sites associated with energy consumption in the *** findings indicate a novel function for RS beyond its structural role,namely,the regulation of ATP *** conclusion,the results expand the functional spectrum of AK proteins and suggest a fresh model regarding ATP transfer within mammalian flagella.

关键词： adenylate kinase Subgroup III AKs AK8 AK9 male infertility ATP transfer radial spoke

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