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Quantifying Contribution of Recycled Moisture to Precipitation in Temperate Glacier Region,Southeastern Tibetan Plateau,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第4期34卷 764-776页

作者： ma Yanwei PU Tao SHI Xiaoyi ma Xinggang YU Hongmei College of Geography and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China National Field Science Observation and Research Station of Yulong Snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Recycled moisture is an important indicator of the renewal capacity of regional water *** to the existence of Yulong Snow Mountain,Lijiang in Yunnan Province,southeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China,is the closest ocean glacier area to the equator in *** precipitation samples were collected from 2017 to 2018 in Lijiang to quantify the effect of sub-cloud evaporation and recycled moisture on precipitation combined with the d-excess model during monsoon and non-monsoon *** results indicated that the d-excess values of precipitation fluctuated between–35.6‰and 16.0‰,with an arithmetic mean of 3.5‰.The local meteoric water line(LMWL)wasδD=7.91δ^(18)O+2.50,with a slope slightly lower than the global meteoric water line(GMWL).Subcloud evaporation was higher during the non-monsoon season than during the monsoon *** tended to peak in march and was primarily influenced by the relative *** source of the water vapour affected the proportion of recycled *** to the results of the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)model,the main sources of water vapour in Lijiang area during the monsoon period were the southwest and southeast *** the non-monsoon period,water vapour was transported by a southwesterly *** recycled moisture in Lijiang area between march and October 2017 was 10.62%.Large variations were observed between the monsoon and non-monsoon seasons,with values of 5.48%and 25.65%,*** differences were primarily attributed to variations in the advection of water *** recycled moisture has played a supplementary role in the precipitation of Lijiang area.

关键词： recycled moisture stable isotope precipitation d-excess Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)model southeastern Tibetan Plateau China

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Time-lagged Effects of the Spring Atmospheric Heat Source over the Tibetan Plateau on Summer Precipitation in Northeast China during 1961–2020:Role of Soil Moisture

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1527-1538页

作者： Yizhe HAN Dabang JIANG Dong SI Yaoming ma Weiqiang ma Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special Atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes Dingri 858200China Kathmandu Center of Research and Education Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesIslamabad 45320Pakistan

The spring atmospheric heat source(AHS)over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)has been suggested to affect the Asian summer monsoon and summer precipitation over South ***,its influence on the summer precipitation in Northeast China(NEC)remains *** connection between spring TP AHS and subsequent summer precipitation over NEC from 1961 to 2020 is analyzed in this *** illustrate that stronger spring TP AHS can enhance subsequent summer NEC precipitation,and higher soil moisture in the Yellow River Valley-North China region(YRVNC)acts as a *** spring,the strong TP AHS could strengthen the transportation of water vapor to East China and lead to excessive rainfall in the ***,soil moisture increases,which regulates local thermal conditions by decreasing local surface skin temperature and sensible *** to the memory of soil moisture,the lower spring sensible heat over the YRVNC can last until mid-summer,decrease the land–sea thermal contrast,and weaken the southerly winds over the East Asia–western Pacific region and convective activities over the South China Sea and tropical western *** modulates the East Asia–Pacific teleconnection pattern,which leads to a cyclonic anomaly and excessive summer precipitation over NEC.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau atmospheric heat source Northeast China summer precipitation soil moisture

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Land-population-industry based village evolution and its influencing factors in the upper Tuojiang River

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2790-2809页

作者： ZHAN Yunjun JI Yuxin HUANG Jiejun ma Changying ma Chuanqi School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

With economic development and urbanization in China,the rural settlements have experienced great *** explore the evolution process of rural settlements in terms of land,population and industry can reveal the development law of rural spatial distribution,population structure and industrial economy in different stages and *** the development status and evolution characteristics of villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin in Southwest China in the past 20 years are of significant *** upper Tuojiang River basin includes the main types of terrain found in the Southwest region:mountainous,plains,and hills,exhibiting a certain typicality of geographical *** study took towns and townships at the town-level scale as the basic unit of research,and constructed an evaluation system for village evolution based on'land,population,and industry'.It employed Criteria Importance Through Inter-Criteria Correlation(CRITIC)analysis to examine the characteristics of village evolution in the area from 2000 to 2020,and used geographic detector analysis to identify the leading factors affecting village *** results show that:(1)From 2000 to 2010,villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin experienced significant changes,and the pace of these transformations slowed from 2010 to 2020.(2)From a comprehensive perspective,from 2000 to 2020,villages in hilly areas show a decline,while villages in plain areas near the city center show a positive urbanization development.(3)Road accessibility and distance from the city center are the main factors that explain the spatial differentiation of village evolution degree in the study *** study elucidates the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin and identifies the primary factors contributing to their changes,which will provide a reference for investigating the development of rural areas in different terrains of Southwest China.

关键词： Village evolution Land Population Industry Geographic detector

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Effects of gravel on the water absorption characteristics and hydraulic parameters of stony soil

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第7期16卷 895-909页

作者： ma Yan WANG Youqi ma Chengfeng YUAN Cheng BAI Yiru Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China School of Geography and Planning Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China School of Ecology and Environment Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

The eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in China are a typical mountainous region of soil and gravel,where gravel could affect the water movement process in the *** study focused on the effects of different gravel contents on the water absorption characteristics and hydraulic parameters of stony *** stony soil samples were collected from the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in April 2023 and used as the experimental materials to conduct a one-dimensional horizontal soil column absorption *** experimental groups with gravel contents of 0%,10%,20%,30%,40%,and 50%were established to determine the saturated hydraulic conductivity(K_(s)),saturated water content(θ_(s)),initial water content(θ_(i)),and retention water content(θ_(r)),and explore the changes in the wetting front depth and cumulative absorption volume during the absorption *** Philip model was used to fit the soil absorption process and determine the soil water absorption *** the length of the characteristic wetting front depth,shape coefficient,empirical parameter,inverse intake suction and soil water suction were derived from the van Genuchten ***,the hydraulic parameters mentioned above were used to fit the soil water characteristic curves,unsaturated hydraulic conductivity(K_(θ))and specific water capacity(C(h)).The results showed that the wetting front depth and cumulative absorption volume of each treatment gradually decreased with increasing gravel *** with control check treatment with gravel content of 0%,soil water absorption rates in the treatments with gravel contents of 10%,20%,30%,40%,and 50%decreased by 11.47%,17.97%,25.24%,29.83%,and 42.45%,*** the gravel content increased,inverse intake suction gradually increased,and shape coefficient,K_(s),θ_(s),andθ_(r)gradually *** the same soil water content,soil water suction and K_(θ)gradually decreased with increasing gravel *** the same soil water s

关键词： stony soil gravel content water absorption characteristics hydraulic parameters one-dimensional horizontal soil column absorption experiment van Genuchten model eastern foothills of Helan Mountains

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Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Microstructure and Tribological Property Evolution of Electron Beam Melted Ti6Al4V

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(materials Science) 2024年第4期39卷 1010-1017页

作者：黄西娜 ma Xiaowen XU Tianyi School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering China University of Mining and Technology-BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Engineering and Technology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

Cryogenic treatment was used to improve the tribological properties of Ti6Al4V artificial hip joint *** treatment at-196℃with different holding time were carried out on Ti6Al4V specimens fabricated using electron beam melting(EBM),and their microstructure and tribological properties evolution were systematically analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),vickers hardness,and wear *** experimental results show that the as-fabricated specimen consists of lamellarαphase andβcolumnar ***,the thickness of lamellarαphase decreased after cryogenic *** addition,it can be found that the fineαphase was precipitated and dispersed between the lamellarαphase with the holding time *** hardness shows a trend of first increasing and then *** wear rate of the specimen cryogenic treated for 24 h is the minimum and the average friction coefficient is 0.50,which is reduced by 14.61%compared with the *** wear mechanism of the as-fabricated specimen is severe exfoliation,adhesive,abrasive,and slight fatigue ***,the specimen cryogenic treated for 24 h shows slight adhesive and abrasive *** can be concluded that it is feasibility of utilizing cryogenic treatment to reduce the wear of EBMed Ti6Al4V.

关键词： electron beam melting(EBM) cryogenic treatment microstructure vickers hardness tribological property

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Bioinspired nanomaterials for the treatment of bacterial infections

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 691-714页

作者： Xiaojing ma Wenjing Tang Rong Yang Robert F.Smith School of Chemical&Biomolecular Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA

Infectious diseases pose a serious threat to global *** immunizations can control most viral infections,bacterial infections,particularly those caused by drug-resistant strains,continue to cause high rates of illness and ***,the creation of new antibiotics has come to a grinding halt in the last ten *** response to this crisis,nanotechnology has emerged as a hopeful solution to tackle drug resistance and enhance treatment results.A large variety of biomimetic nanomaterials,termed nanozymes,have demonstrated strong antimicrobial *** the inherent toxicity of nanomaterials is a concern,recent studies have harnessed the stimuli-responsiveness of nanomaterials to enable local and/or targeted delivery to reduce the treatment side ***,the physicochemical versatility of nanomaterials affords many degrees of freedom that enable rational design of smart or autonomous therapeutics,which cannot be achieved using conventional *** design straddles the fields of catalysis,nanoscience,microbiology,and translational *** provide an overview of this interdisciplinary landscape,this review is organized based on composition into lipid,metal,metal oxide,and non-metallic *** as a delivery vehicle enhance bioavailability and reduce ***-and metal oxide-based nanomaterials inhibit bacterial growth by mimicking natural enzymatic activities such as peroxidase(POD)and ***,carbon-,polymer-,and cell membrane-based nanomaterials are combined into a discussion on non-metallic *** the end of this review,potentially fruitful directions for future bioinspired nanomaterials in infectious disease treatment are included.

关键词： bioinspired nanomaterial bacteria infectious disease antimicrobial liposome nanozyme

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Access to High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylenes through High Temperature Ethylene Polymerization Catalysed by Ethylene-Bridged ansa-(3-R-Cyclopentadienyl)(Fluorenyl) Zirconocene Complexes

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 42-51,I0007页

作者： Bo Li Haiyan ma Jiling Huang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional materials Chemistry and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

A series of C1-symmetric ethylene-bridged ansa-(3-R-cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl) metallocene complexes(Zr: 1-5;Hf: 6) have been synthesized, characterized and investigated as catalyst precursors for the high temperature ethylene polymerization. Using methylaluminoxane(maO) as the cocatalyst, zirconium complexes 1-5 bearing a bulky substituent on the 3-position of the cyclopendienyl ring showed high catalytic activities up to 1.48×10^(7) g PE·mol_(Zr)^(-1)·h^(-1) toward the polymerization of ethylene and afforded polyethylenes with high molecular weights(1.49×10^(5)-6.31×10^(5) g/mol), meanwhile exhibting great thermal stability at high temperatures up to 120 ℃ together with a long catalytic life time up to 2 h. By adopting low Al/Zr ratios, such as 125, polyethylenes with ultra high molecular weights up to 2.86×106 g/mol were obtained. It is worthy of noting that zirconium complexes 1-4 bearing a substituent with an aryl pendant showed temperature-dependent activities, which increased rapidly with the increase of polymerization temperature, thus weak interaction of the pendent aryl group with the cationic active center is proposed to account for the very low activities displayed at low temperatures. In contrast to zirconocene complexes 1-5, hafnocene complex 6 only displayed very low catalytic activities toward the polymerization of ethylene and afforded polyethylenes with molecular weights ten times smaller than those obtained by zirconocene complexes 1-5. Zirconocene complexes 1-5 were also able to catalyse the polymerization of propylene at high temperatures, but only afforded waxes with low molecular weights.

关键词： ansa-Metallocene Ethylene Propylene Polymerization High temperature

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Numerical investigation on characteristics of interfacial wave of liquid film in gas-liquid two-phase flow using OpenFOAM

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 233-248页

作者： Xiaoqi ma Yueshe WANG Jiaming TIAN State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Liquid film cooling as an advanced cooling technology is widely used in space *** operation of liquid film along the rocket combustion inner wall is crucial for thermal protection of rocket *** stability of liquid film is mainly determined by the characteristics of interfacial wave,which is rarely investigated right *** to improve the stability of thin film has become a hot *** view of this,an advanced model based on the conventional Volume of Fluid(VOF)model is adopted to investigate the characteristics of interfacial wave in gas-liquid flow by using OpenFOAM,and the mechanism of formation and development of wave is revealed intuitively through numerical *** effects from gas velocity,surface tension and dynamic viscosity of liquid(three factors)on the wave are studied *** can be found that the gas velocity is critical to the formation and development of wave,and four modes of droplets generation are illustrated in this ***,a gas vortex near the gas-liquid interface can induce formation of wave easily,so changing the gas vortex state can regulate formation and development of ***’s more,the change rules of three factors influencing on the interfacial wave are obtained,and the surface tension has a negative effect on the formation and development of wave only when the surface tension coefficient is above the critical value,whereas the dynamic viscosity has a positive effect in this ***,the maximum height and maximum slope angle of wave will level off as the gas velocity ***,the maximum slope angle of wave is usually no more than 38°,no matter what happens to the three factors.

关键词： Interfacial wave Gas-liquid Two-phase flow VOF model OpenFOAM

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Measuring Financial Systemic Risk:Net Liability Clearing Mechanism and Contagion Effect

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第3期37卷 1114-1146页

作者： ma Jiali ZHU Shushang LI Duan College of Big Data Statistics Guizhou University of Finance and EconomicsGuiyang 550025China School of Business Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China School of Data Science City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Following the framework of E-N model(Eisenberg and Noe,2001),the authors consider a new clearing mechanism based on net liabilities among financial institutions since the liabilities between the counterparties should be deducted accordingly when clearing in *** the basis for systemic risk measurement,similar to the original E-N model,the authors first establish some good properties for the clearing payment vector according to a more general ***,the authors investigate how risk spreads among institutions through the liability network forming the risk contagion ***,the authors illustrate with a specific example that the original E-N clearing mechanism may misidentify the systemic important institutions,and theoretically show that it may also overestimate the risk compared with the netting clearing mechanism.

关键词： Clearing mechanism contagion net liability network systemic risk

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Effects of baffle position in serpentine flow channel on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期69卷 250-262页

作者： Guodong Xia Xiaoya Zhang Dandan ma MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy ConversionBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

This study used a three-dimensional numerical model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with five types of channels:a smooth channel(Case 1);eight rectangular baffles were arranged in the upstream(Case 2),midstream(Case 3),downstream(Case 4),and the entire cathode flow channel(Case 5)to study the effects of baffle position on mass transport,power density,net power,***,the effects of back pressure and humidity on the voltage were *** showed that compared to smooth channels,the oxygen and water transport facilitation at the diffusion layer-channel interface were added 11.53%-20.60%and 7.81%-9.80%at 1.68 A·cm^(-2)by adding *** closer the baffles were to upstream,the higher the total oxygen flux,but the lower the flux uniformity the worse the water *** oxygen flux of upstream baffles was 8.14%higher than that of downstream baffles,but oxygen flux uniformity decreased by 18.96%at 1.68 A·cm^(-2).The order of water removal and voltage improvement was Case 4>Case 5>Case 3>Case 2>Case *** power of Case 4 was 9.87%higher than that of the smooth *** the Case 4,when the cell worked under low back pressure or high humidity,the voltage increments were *** potential increment for the back pressure of 0 atm was 0.9%higher than that of 2 atm(1 atm=101.325 kPa).The potential increment for the humidity of 100%was 7.89%higher than that of 50%.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Baffle position mass transfer Net power Uniformity Voltage increment

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