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Stay in touch with the endoplasmic reticulum

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 230-257页

作者： Sha Sun Gan Zhao mingkang Jia Qing Jiang Shulin Li Haibin Wang Wenjing Li Yunyun Wang Xin Bian Yan G.Zhao Xun Huang Ge Yang Huaqing Cai Jose C.Pastor-Pareja Liang Ge Chuanmao zhang Junjie Hu National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of BiophysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation College of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Laboratory of Computational Biology&Machine Intelligence School of Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Brain Research Center Department of BiologySchool of Life SciencesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Neurosciences Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Miguel HernándezSan Juan de Alicante 03550Spain

The endoplasmic reticulum(ER),which is composed of a continuous network of tubules and sheets,forms the most widely distributed membrane system in eukaryotic cells.As a result,it engages a variety of organelles by establishing membrane contact sites(MCSs).These contacts regulate organelle positioning and remodeling,including fusion and fission,facilitate precise lipid exchange,and couple vital signaling events.Here,we systematically review recent advances and converging themes on ER-involved organellar contact.The molecular basis,cellular influence,and potential physiological functions for ER/nuclear envelope contacts with mitochondria,Golgi,endosomes,lysosomes,lipid droplets,autophagosomes,and plasma membrane are summarized.

关键词： endoplasmic reticulum nuclear envelope mitochondria Golgi apparatus endosome lysosome lipid droplets autophagosome plasma membrane membrane contact site

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Storage, form, and influencing factors of karst inorganic carbon in a carbonate area in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 725-739页

作者： Chaochao DU Xiaoyong BAI Yangbing LI Qiu TAN Cuiwei ZHAO Guangjie LUO Luhua WU Fei CHEN Chaojun LI Chen RAN Sirui zhang Lian XIONG Fengjiao SONG Biqin XIAO Zilin LI Yingying XUE mingkang LONG Qing LUO Xiaoyun zhang Minghui LI Xiaoqian SHEN Shu YANG State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China School of Geography and Environmental Sciences Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi'an 710061China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed Guizhou Normal CollegeGuiyang 550018China College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sinks reduce the rate of increase of the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration and global warming. However, uncertainty still exists in the estimation results of carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sink fluxes(CCSF), and the contributions of climate change and ecological restoration to the CCSF are not clear. To this end, we compiled published site data on ion concentrations in different watersheds in China and used a classical thermodynamic dissolution model to reassess the potential and spatial and temporal patterns of the CCSF in China from 1991 to 2020. We quantified the contributions of temperature(MAT), precipitation(MAP), evapotranspiration(ET), soil water(SM), and the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) to the CCSF. The results revealed that(1) China's CCSF was 22.76 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1), which was higher than the global average(15.77 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1)). The total carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sink(CCS) was 4772.67×10^(4)t CO_(2), contributing 14.91% of the global CCS through a carbonate rock area of 252.98×10^(4)km^(-2).(2) China's CCSF decreased gradually from southeast to northwest, with values of 33.14, 12.93, and7.27 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1)in the southern karst, Qinghai-Tibetan karst, and northern karst regions, respectively.(3) The overall CCSF in China exhibited an increasing trend from 1991 to 2020, with a rate of increase of 0.16 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1).(4) The contributions of the MAP, MAT, ET, SM, and NDVI to the CCSF were 63.3%, 3.02%, 27.5%, 3.1%, and 3.05%, respectively. Among them, the increase in precipitation was the main contributor to the increase in the CCSF in China over the last 30 years, while the enhancement of ET offset part of the positive contribution of the increase in precipitation to the CCSF. In conclusion, the results of this study provide a systematic quantification of the magnitude, the patterns, and the influencing factors of CCS over a long time series in China. The results are of great significance an

关键词： Carbonate rocks Carbon sinks Patterns Influencing factors Thermodynamic dissolution modeling

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结合生成对抗网络的电阻抗断层成像技术在肺通气监测中的应用

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生物医学工程学杂志 2024年第1期41卷 105-113页

作者：赵明康刘珺郭忠圣陈祥琪张帅郑天予河北工业大学生命科学与健康工程学院天津300130 河北工业大学省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室天津300130 天津市生物电工与智能健康重点实验室天津300130

电阻抗断层成像(EIT)技术在肺通气监测和区域性肺功能检测中发挥着重要作用。然而,EIT算法固有的病态特性导致从含有噪声的电压数据中求解电导率时存在明显偏差,难以获得准确的电导率变化分布图像以及清晰的边界轮廓。为了提高EIT在肺... 详细信息

电阻抗断层成像(EIT)技术在肺通气监测和区域性肺功能检测中发挥着重要作用。然而,EIT算法固有的病态特性导致从含有噪声的电压数据中求解电导率时存在明显偏差,难以获得准确的电导率变化分布图像以及清晰的边界轮廓。为了提高EIT在肺通气监测中的成像质量,本文提出将EIT算法与深度学习算法相结合的方法。首先,引用优化因子对卡尔曼滤波算法进行修正并将吉洪诺夫(Tikhonov)正则化引入算法的状态空间表达式,以获得初始肺部重建图像;其次将初始成像结果输入生成对抗网络模型,以重构出精确的肺部轮廓。仿真实验结果表明,该方法生成的肺部图像边界清晰,对噪声具有更强的鲁棒性,基本实现了可视化的效果,可为计算机断层扫描等影像的诊断提供参考意义。

关键词：电阻抗断层成像卡尔曼滤波生成对抗网络图像重建

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Innovative Design and Additive Manufacturing of Regenerative Cooling Thermal Protection System Based on the Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Porous Structure

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第5期123卷 495-508页

作者： Xinglong Wang Cheng Wang Xin Zhou mingkang zhang Peiyu zhang Lei Wang Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory Air Force Engineering UniversityXi’an710038China Basic Department Air Force Engineering UniversityXi’an710051China School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

The new regenerative cooling thermal protection system exhibits the multifunctional characteristics of load-carrying and heat exchange cooling,which are fundamental for the lightweight design and thermal protection of hypersonic vehicles.Triply periodic minimal surface(TPMS)is especially suitable for the structural design of the internal cavity of regenerative cooling structures owing to its excellent structural characteristics.In this study,test pieces were manufactured using Ti6Al4V lightweight material.We designed three types of porous test pieces,and the interior was filled with a TPMS lattice(Gyroid,Primitive,I-WP)with a porosity of 30%.All porous test pieces were manufactured via selective laser melting technology.A combination of experiments and finite element simulations were performed to study the selection of the internal cavity structure of the regenerative cooling thermal protection system.Hence,the relationship between the geometry and mechanical properties of a unit cell is established,and the deformation mechanism of the porous unit cell is clarified.Among the three types of porous test pieces,the weight of the test piece filled with the Gyroid unit cell was reduced by 8.21%,the average tensile strength was reduced by 17.7%compared to the solid test piece,while the average tensile strength of the Primitive and I-WP porous test pieces were decreased by 30.5%and 33.3%,respectively.Compared with the other two types of unit cells,Gyroid exhibited better mechanical conductivity characteristics.Its deformation process was characterised by stretching,shearing,and twisting,while the Primitive and I-WP unit cells underwent tensile deformation and tensile and shear deformation,respectively.The finite element predictions in the study agree well with the experimental results.The results can provide a basis for the design of regenerative cooling thermal protection system.

关键词： Triply periodic minimal surface(TPMS) regenerative cooling thermal protection system selective laser melting mechanical properties fracture analysis

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基于改进GSA-GWO算法的含分布式电源局部电网孤岛划分策略

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可再生能源 2024年第4期42卷 538-545页

作者：张丹赛翔羽曾丕江武明康瞿佳刘云南电网有限责任公司电力调度控制中心云南昆明650217 直流输电技术国家重点实验室(南方电网科学研究院) 广东广州510663 广东省新能源电力系统智能运行与控制企业重点实验室广东广州510663

为进一步提高局部电网在故障恢复过程中的高效性和可靠性,文章提出了一种基于改进GSA-GWO算法的局部电网故障下孤岛划分策略。首先,采用最优-最劣法对负荷进行评价,得到负荷权重值,从而确定局部电网故障下孤岛划分重要负荷恢复优先级;其... 详细信息

为进一步提高局部电网在故障恢复过程中的高效性和可靠性,文章提出了一种基于改进GSA-GWO算法的局部电网故障下孤岛划分策略。首先,采用最优-最劣法对负荷进行评价,得到负荷权重值,从而确定局部电网故障下孤岛划分重要负荷恢复优先级;其次,结合负荷优先级确定负荷等级权重系数值,构建含分布式电源的局部电网孤岛划分目标函数模型;再次,为了获取更佳的目标函数求解结果,引入混沌反向学习和遗传退火算法(Genetic Simulated An-nealing,GSA)对灰狼优化算法(Grey Wolf Optimization,GWO)进行改进,以提高算法的优化性能;最后,以修改后的IEEE 69节点为例进行仿真分析,运用改进的GSA-GWO算法对局部配电网故障模型进行求解,得到更佳的孤岛划分结果。算例分析表明,文章提出的策略可准确实现局部电网故障下孤岛划分最优策略,保证了重要负荷的电力供应,验证了策略的有效性和优越性。

关键词：局部电网分布式电源孤岛划分恢复供电

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Mobile Robot Combination Autonomous Behavior Strategy to Inspect Hazardous Gases in Relatively Narrow Man–Machine Environment

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2022年第6期35卷 110-122页

作者： Xueshan Gao Qingfang zhang mingkang Li Bingqing Lan Xiaolong Fu Jingye Li School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi’an 710065China.

Selecting the optimal speed for dynamic obstacle avoidance in complex man–machine environments is a challenging problem for mobile robots inspecting hazardous gases.Consideration of personal space is important,especially in a relatively narrow man–machine dynamic environments such as warehouses and laboratories.In this study,human and robot behaviors in man–machine environments are analyzed,and a man–machine social force model is established to study the robot obstacle avoidance speed.Four typical man–machine behavior patterns are investigated to design the robot behavior strategy.Based on the social force model and man–machine behavior patterns,the fuzzy-PID trajectory tracking control method and the autonomous obstacle avoidance behavior strategy of the mobile robot in inspecting hazardous gases in a relatively narrow man–machine dynamic environment are proposed to determine the optimal robot speed for obstacle avoidance.The simulation analysis results show that compared with the traditional PID control method,the proposed controller has a position error of less than 0.098 m,an angle error of less than 0.088 rad,a smaller steady-state error,and a shorter convergence time.The crossing and encountering pattern experiment results show that the proposed behavior strategy ensures that the robot maintains a safe distance from humans while performing trajectory tracking.This research proposes a combination autonomous behavior strategy for mobile robots inspecting hazardous gases,ensuring that the robot maintains the optimal speed to achieve dynamic obstacle avoidance,reducing human anxiety and increasing comfort in a relatively narrow man–machine environment.

关键词： Social force model Man–machine behavior pattern Dynamic obstacle avoidance

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甘松属资源遗传多样性及其ITS二级结构系统发育信息分析

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中草药 2024年第1期55卷 249-257页

作者：崔琪俸明康丰日落王涛张绍山李莹李文兵陈晨刘圆西南民族大学药学院四川成都610041 西南民族大学青藏高原研究院四川成都610225 四川省羌彝药用资源保护与利用技术工程实验室四川成都610225 青藏高原民族药用资源保护与利用国家民委重点实验室四川成都610225

目的基于ITS1和ITS2序列,对来自四川、青海、甘肃和西藏不同地区的甘松属植物甘松Nardostachys chinensis、匙叶甘松N.jatamansi遗传多样性进行研究及分子鉴定。方法通过PCR扩增获得甘松ITS1、ITS2序列,采用MEGA软件进行多重序列比对,用... 详细信息

目的基于ITS1和ITS2序列,对来自四川、青海、甘肃和西藏不同地区的甘松属植物甘松Nardostachys chinensis、匙叶甘松N.jatamansi遗传多样性进行研究及分子鉴定。方法通过PCR扩增获得甘松ITS1、ITS2序列,采用MEGA软件进行多重序列比对,用DNA EditSeq软件进行剪切、拼接和统计等分析,运用Kimura two-parameter(K2-P)模型进行遗传距离分析,运用DNASTAR软件进行同源性和差异性分析,利用邻接法(neighbor joining,NJ)构建系统发育树,采用DNAsp V5软件进行遗传多样性分析。结果ITS1序列长度范围为687~689 bp,仅2 bp差异;ITS2序列长度高度保守,均为468 bp。ITS1与ITS2序列G/C含量均达66.00%以上。系统发育分析发现,ITS序列可将甘松属20个样本分为2支,甘松与匙叶甘松各自为一支,但二者亲缘关系很近。遗传多样性分析发现,匙叶甘松综合遗传多样性水平指标大于甘松。结论据形态学及遗传学分析,甘松属应分为甘松与匙叶甘松2种,且遗传多样性较低,种内遗传变异相对稳定。ITS序列可用于甘松属品种的鉴定。研究结果可以为甘松属植物资源分类、评价、保护与可持续利用提供一定的理论基础。

关键词：甘松匙叶甘松 ITS序列分子鉴定遗传多样性

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喀斯特地区鸟类传播种子及其食源植物间的相互关系

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东北林业大学学报 2024年第4期52卷 100-106,118页

作者：杨杰吴明康黄小龙张旭彭韬翟奖冉景丞贵州师范大学贵阳550025 贵州省林业科学研究院中国科学院地球化学研究所

以贵州普定喀斯特生态系统观测研究站为研究区域,观察鸟类物种并收集鸟粪,分离粪便内残渣中保留完整的种子,同时以去除果肉(皮)的种子、未经处理种子为对照进行萌发试验,分析食果鸟与食源植物间的相互关系。结果表明:经消化道后的鸟粪... 详细信息

以贵州普定喀斯特生态系统观测研究站为研究区域,观察鸟类物种并收集鸟粪,分离粪便内残渣中保留完整的种子,同时以去除果肉(皮)的种子、未经处理种子为对照进行萌发试验,分析食果鸟与食源植物间的相互关系。结果表明:经消化道后的鸟粪含种率为79.90%,含种数最多时为104粒,含种种类约为每份1~5种,其中,每份含1、2种种子的数量占比分别为63.40%、28.17%。经消化道的种子萌发率为22.22%,其与去除果肉(皮)的种子萌发率无显著差异,但显著高于未处理种子的萌发率。食果鸟粪便内共鉴定出食源植物5目10科11种,其物种果实主要以聚花果为主。取食多样性高的鸟类为黄臀鹎(Pycnonotus xanthorrhous)及领雀嘴鹎(Spizixos semitorques)。不同月份食果鸟取食食源植物的数量有明显差异(P<0.05),取食高峰期为8—11月份。不同生境间食果鸟及食源植物也存在一定差异。食源植物为鸟类提供食物,而鸟类取食活动扩大了植物的传播距离,且经鸟类消化道的种子萌发率更高。

关键词：石漠化鸟类传播种子萌发动植物互作

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考虑不同约束区间的风电场布局分级优化

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空气动力学学报 2024年第5期42卷 110-117页

作者：印四华杨碧霞朱成就张明康柳柏杨汪泉广东海洋大学机械与能源工程学院阳江529500 广东中科启航技术有限公司佛山528225 佛山市南海区广工大数控装备协同创新研究院佛山528225 湖北工业大学机械工程学院武汉430068

为了提高风电场布局优化中尾流模型预测精度,以便能够较好预测风机安装台数和最大限度降低度电成本,本文基于改进三维尾流模型,考虑风力机处于不同约束区间,采用分级优化策略对2 km×2 km风电场进行精确布局优化。首先,利用网格法对风... 详细信息

为了提高风电场布局优化中尾流模型预测精度,以便能够较好预测风机安装台数和最大限度降低度电成本,本文基于改进三维尾流模型,考虑风力机处于不同约束区间,采用分级优化策略对2 km×2 km风电场进行精确布局优化。首先,利用网格法对风电场进行第一阶优化;其次,考虑不同约束区间,采用坐标法对第一级优化结果进行第二阶优化。研究表明:与Jensen尾流模型相比,改进后的三维尾流模型可以更合理地优化风电场布局;考虑收敛速度及度电成本,当约束区域为l_(imit)=150、200 m时,第二阶算法迭代速度较快,优化后其度电成本为0.8498/W,相比第一阶优化结果,降低了3.33%。

关键词：风电场布局约束区间改进尾流模型分级优化度电成本风机

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The miR5810/OsMRLP6 regulatory module affects rice seedling photosynthesis

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The Crop Journal 2023年第6期11卷 1686-1695页

作者： Weiwei Gao mingkang Li Huaping Cheng Kuaifei Xia Mingyong zhang State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops&Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650GuangdongChina State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of AgricultureUniversity of GuangxiNanning 530004GuangxiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China South China National Botanical Garden Guangzhou 510650GuangdongChina

Photosynthesis affects crop growth and yield.The roles of microRNAs(miRNAs)in photosynthesis are little known.In the present study,the role of the OsNF-YB7–OsMIR5810–OsMRLP6 regulatory module in photosynthesis was investigated.The malectin-like protein gene OsMRLP6 was identified as a target gene of osa-miR5810(miR5810).Overexpression in rice of miR5810 or down-expression of OsMRLP6 resulted in reduced expression of genes involved in chloroplast development and photosynthesis and decreased net photosynthetic rate,finally leading to lower shoot biomass and grain yield.Down-expression of miR5810 and overexpression of OsMRLP6 showed the opposite effect.Overexpression of transcription factor OsNF-YB7 elevated expression of OsMIR5810 in rice seedlings by binding to its promoter.The OsNFYB7–OsMIR5810–OsMRLP6 regulatory module affects photosynthesis to mediate growth and grain yield.

关键词： miR5810 OsNF-YB7 OsMRLP6 Photosynthesis Rice

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