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指向知识结构化的现代文学阅读大单元教学路径探究

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教师教育论坛 2024年第8期37卷 18-20页

作者：高明军济南市章丘区黄河学区学校济南250210

大单元教学指向知识结构化是新课标倡导的新型教学方式。对于小学生来说,现代文学阅读难度相对较低,且在生活中无处不在、时有应用,因此,从现代文学阅读开始大单元教学探索之路,是一个较为合理的选择。现代文大单元教学是教学评一体化... 详细信息

大单元教学指向知识结构化是新课标倡导的新型教学方式。对于小学生来说,现代文学阅读难度相对较低,且在生活中无处不在、时有应用,因此,从现代文学阅读开始大单元教学探索之路,是一个较为合理的选择。现代文大单元教学是教学评一体化的系统化教学,要求教师围绕“大概念”对教学内容、教学情境、教学过程以及教学评价进行结构化设计,帮助学生“由外而内”地建立起知识结构,实现语文学科的育人目标。

关键词：知识结构化现代文学阅读大单元教学

祁连山周边内流区人类活动对表层沉积物的影响

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沉积学报 2024年第4期42卷 1279-1296页

作者：高铭君李育张占森周雪如李海烨段俊杰薛雅欣兰州大学资源环境学院兰州730000

【目的】表层沉积物代用指标可以指示现代环境要素进而推断古环境演化过程,但是在人类活动较强的地区,人类对沉积物产生作用的时间和作用方式以及这种作用是否影响表层沉积物代用指标对该地区气候进行反演的评估较少。【方法】选取祁连... 详细信息

【目的】表层沉积物代用指标可以指示现代环境要素进而推断古环境演化过程,但是在人类活动较强的地区,人类对沉积物产生作用的时间和作用方式以及这种作用是否影响表层沉积物代用指标对该地区气候进行反演的评估较少。【方法】选取祁连山及周边地区所采集的456个表层沉积物,通过总有机氮(TN)、总有机碳(TOC)、碳氮比(C/N)、有机碳同位素(δ^(13)C_(org))、碳酸盐碳同位素(δ^(13)C_(carb))和氧同位素(δ^(18)O)等代用指标分析,建立了代用指标与海拔、经纬度、温度、降水等要素之间的关系,探究了现代人类活动对表层沉积物古环境代用指标的影响。【结果与结论】研究发现人类活动影响区表层沉积物古环境代用指标在该区域波动明显,相较其他地区,相关性大幅降低,表明人类活动影响可以改变古环境代用指标的指示意义。通过系统分析和计算表层沉积物与环境要素之间的关系,探讨了人类活动对表层沉积物的影响,进一步明确代用指标的现代环境指示意义,从而为后续利用沉积地层中古环境代用指标反演过去气候变化和分析人类活动提供理论依据。

关键词：祁连山内流区表层沉积物人类活动影响区

头皮转移作为肺鳞癌的首发表现:1例极其罕见的病例报告及文献回顾

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中国肺癌杂志 2024年第4期27卷 321-324页

作者：何文博高铭骏任清林汪梦梦周嗣丁王霄霖束余声扬州大学扬州225000 大连医科大学大连116000 扬州大学附属苏北人民医院扬州225000

原发性肺鳞癌远处转移中皮肤转移是一件罕有发生的事,而头皮转移作为患者首发的临床表现更加少见。头部皮肤转移灶很容易误诊为其他头部疾病,但它的出现提示着肺癌恶化与预后不良。这篇病例报告记录了1例以头部皮肤毛囊炎为首发表现就... 详细信息

原发性肺鳞癌远处转移中皮肤转移是一件罕有发生的事,而头皮转移作为患者首发的临床表现更加少见。头部皮肤转移灶很容易误诊为其他头部疾病,但它的出现提示着肺癌恶化与预后不良。这篇病例报告记录了1例以头部皮肤毛囊炎为首发表现就诊于皮肤科,通过影像学诊断为肺恶性肿瘤后转科至胸外科,头部病灶切除病理提示为肺癌的远处转移灶的女性患者,并对报道过类似病例的文章进行回顾总结。本文旨在增进对肺癌皮肤转移的了解和认识,提高对该类疾病的重视,加强早期识别、精准诊断,防止临床上对该疾病漏诊与误诊,最终达成推进后续的治疗、改善患者预后的目的。

关键词：肺肿瘤转移皮肤肿瘤诊断技术与方法

Dual functions of a novel effector in the plant and pathogen arms race

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Stress Biology 2023年第1期3卷 366-368页

作者： Han Lu mingjun gao Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze EstuaryInstitute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-ChongmingSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Ralstonia solanacearum is a soil-borne bacterium that causes bacterial wilt disease in over 250 plant *** has been identified as one of the top ten most serious plant pathogenic bacteria globally,causing significant crop yield loss every *** its large impact on agricultural economics,the molecular mechanisms underlying plant defense against Ralstonia infection and by which Ralstonia grows within the plant xylem remain largely *** a recent article,Ke et *** a distinct pathogen effector,which acted as an immune elicitor in plants but also played dual roles in compromising plant immune activation and increasing nutrient acquisition from the host plants for pathogen propagation.

关键词： Ralstonia solanacearum Bacterial wilt PehC Immune response

Reconstruction of particle distribution for tomographic particle image velocimetry based on unsupervised learning method

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 349-363页

作者： Duanyu Zhang Haoqin Huang Wu Zhou mingjun Feng Dapeng Zhang Limin gao School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China National Key Laboratory of Aerodynamic Design and Research Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China

The development of deep learning has inspired some new methods to solve the 3D reconstruction problem for Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry (Tomo-PIV). However, the supervised learning method requires a large number of data with ground truth as training information, which is very difficult to gather from experiments. Although synthetic datasets can be used as alternatives, they are still not exactly the same with the real-world experimental data. In this paper, an Unsupervised Reconstruction Technique based on U-net (UnRTU) is proposed to reconstruct volume particle distribution explicitly. Instead of using ground truth data, a projection function is used as an unsupervised loss function for network training to reconstruct particle distribution. The UnRTU was compared with some traditional algebraic reconstruction algorithms and supervised learning method using synthetic data under different particle density and noise level. The results indicate that UnRTU outperforms these traditional approaches in both reconstruction quality and noise robustness, and is comparable to the supervised learning methods AI-PR. For experimental tests, particles dispersed in cured epoxy resin are moved by an electric rail with a certain speed to obtain the ground truth data of particle velocity. Compared with other algorithms, the reconstructed particle distribution by UnRTU has the best reconstruction fidelity. And the accuracy of the 3D velocity field estimated by UnRTU is 12.9% higher than that from the traditional MLOS-MART algorithm. It demonstrates significant potential and advantages for UnRTU in 3D reconstruction of particle distribution. Finally, UnRTU was successfully applied to the high-speed planar cascade airflow field, demonstrating its applicability for measuring complex fluid flow fields at higher particle density.

关键词： Tomographic particle image velocimetry 3D reconstruction Unsupervised learning Convolutional neural network

Control of Rice Embryo Development, Shoot Apical Meristem Maintenance, and Grain Yield by a Novel Cytochrome P450

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Molecular Plant 2013年第6期6卷 1945-1960页

作者： Weibing Yang mingjun gao Xin Yin Jiyun Liu Yonghan Xu Longjun Zeng Qun Li Shubiao Zhang Junmin Wang Xiaoming Zhang Zuhua He National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai) Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology andEcology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 300 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Technology for Improving Agricultural Product Quality School of Agricultural and Food Science ZhejiangAgriculture and Forest University Hangzhou 311300 China institute of Genetics and Crop'Breedi'ng Fujian Ag'riculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China

Angiosperm seeds usually consist of two major parts： the embryo and the endosperm. However, the molec- ular mechanism（s） underlying embryo and endosperm development remains largely unknown, particularly in rice, the model cereal. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of the rice GIANT EMBRYO （GE） gene. Mutation of GE resulted in a large embryo in the seed, which was caused by excessive expansion of scuteUum cells. Post-embryonic growth of ge seedling was severely inhibited due to defective shoot apical meristem （SAM） mainte- nance. Map-based cloning revealed that GE encodes a CYP78A subfamily P450 monooxygenase that is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. GE is expressed predominantly in the scutellar epithelium, the interface region between embryo and endosperm. Overexpression of GE promoted cell proliferation and enhanced rice plant growth and grain yield, but reduced embryo size, suggesting that GE is critical for coordinating rice embryo and endosperm development. Moreover, transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing AtCYP78AlO, a GE homolog, also produced bigger seeds, implying a con- served role for the CYP78A subfamily of P450s in regulating seed development. Taken together, our results indicate that GE plays critical roles in regulating embryo development and SAM maintenance.

关键词： embryo endosperm shoot apical meristem cytochrome P450 grain yield rice.

肺腺癌中双硫死亡通路相关基因的鉴定及预后模型的建立

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实用临床医药杂志 2024年第14期28卷 1-6,43页

作者：乾静赵国文杨俊俊徐兴祥高铭骏王芳潘唯扬州大学附属苏北人民医院江苏扬州225000 大连医科大学辽宁大连116000

目的建立肺腺癌(LUAD)与双硫死亡(DS)通路相关的基因(DPRGs)预后模型,阐明其潜在的生物学机制。方法LUAD相关基因测序及临床信息源于公共数据库。使用基因集变异分析(GSVA)结果与癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)数据集中mRNA表达量的相关性筛选DS... 详细信息

目的建立肺腺癌(LUAD)与双硫死亡(DS)通路相关的基因(DPRGs)预后模型,阐明其潜在的生物学机制。方法LUAD相关基因测序及临床信息源于公共数据库。使用基因集变异分析(GSVA)结果与癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)数据集中mRNA表达量的相关性筛选DS通路中显著活跃的基因。基于最小绝对收缩和选择算子(LASSO)分析和随机森林(RF)算法筛选出DPRGs,使用多因素Cox回归分析构建风险评分(RS)模型,并通过基因表达综合数据库(GEO)进行验证。根据RS中位数将样本分为高、低风险组并进行分析。建立7个DPRGs的蛋白质-蛋白质互作(PPI)网络,发现与其他蛋白互作关系最多的蛋白是乳酸脱氢酶A(LDHA),并进一步研究其功能及表达情况。结果本研究筛选共得到7个DPRGs:SLC2A1、LDHA、SNAI2、ACO2、FGF12、ANP32B和ST13,由以上基因构建的预后模型验证效能较高。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,4个数据集中,高风险组LUAD患者的总生存时间与低风险组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高、低风险组差异表达基因富集分析发现,差异基因于p53信号通路、细胞周期等通路富集。实时定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)及免疫组织化学法结果表明,与正常组织相比,LUAD组织中LDHA表达水平升高。结论基于DPRGs建立的预测模型能有效预测患者预后,可能为LUAD患者的治疗和预后提供思路。

关键词：双硫死亡通路基因集变异分析预后模型肺腺癌生物学过程乳酸脱氢酶A

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound-Induced Disulfide Mechanophore Activation in Polymeric Nanostructures for Molecule Release

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第8期6卷 1895-1907页

作者： Jilin Fan Kuan Zhang mingjun Xuan Xiang gao Rostislav Vinokur Robert Göstl Lifei Zheng Andreas Herrmann DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials 52056 Aachen Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry RWTH Aachen University52074 Aachen Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences325001 Wenzhou

Ultrasound(US)activation of mechanophores in polymers that initiates cascade chemical reactions is a promising strategy for on-demand molecule ***,the typical US frequency used for mechanochemistry is around 20 kHz,producing inertial cavitation that exceeds the tolerance threshold of biological ***,high-intensity focused US(HIFU)as a mechanical stimulus is introduced to drive the activation of disulfide mechanophores in hyperbranched star polymers(HBSPs)and microgels(MGLs).The mechanism of molecular release is attributed to the thiol-disulfide exchange reaction and subsequent intramolecular *** reveal that HBSPs and MGLs effectively transduce HIFU as mechanical input to chemical output,demonstrated by the quantification of the release of fluorescent umbelliferone(UMB).Moreover,an in vitro study of drug release is carried out using camptothecin as the model drug,which is covalently loaded in MGLs,demonstrating the potential of our system for controlled drug delivery to cancer cells.

关键词： mechanophores polymer mechanochemistry polymeric nanostructures ultrasound drug release sonopharmacology

沙湾水电站一期围堰塑性混凝土防渗墙应力变形分析

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水力发电学报 2010年第2期29卷 197-203,189页

作者：熊欢王清友高希章周武平高明军清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室北京100084 四川省水利水电勘测设计研究院成都610072

本文采用平面非线性有限元方法,分析沙湾水电站一期围堰双高塑性混凝土防渗墙的应力变形特性。采用邓肯·张E-B模型模拟土体和塑性混凝土的本构关系,采用Goodman模型模拟墙体与周围土体的相互接触作用,采用改进的Mana方法模拟围堰基坑... 详细信息

本文采用平面非线性有限元方法,分析沙湾水电站一期围堰双高塑性混凝土防渗墙的应力变形特性。采用邓肯·张E-B模型模拟土体和塑性混凝土的本构关系,采用Goodman模型模拟墙体与周围土体的相互接触作用,采用改进的Mana方法模拟围堰基坑的逐级开挖过程,采用逐级增量法模拟围堰填筑、防渗墙修建、基坑开挖抽水等整个施工过程。计算结果表明墙体的应力变形具有良好的规律性;推测原墙的破坏主要由于过程控制等因素引起;并对新墙设计提出合理建议。

关键词：水工结构应力变形非线性有限元防渗墙塑性混凝土