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Co-Seismic Surface Rupture and Recurrence Interval of Large Earthquakes along Damaoyaba-Litang Segment of the Litang Fault on the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau in China

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第5期32卷 1139-1151页

作者： Shiyuan Wang Rongjun Zhou mingjian liang Shao Liu Nina Liu Jianyu Long Sichuan Earthquake Agency^Chengdu 610041 China School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China

The Litang fault is a left-lateral secondary shear zone in the Sichuan-Yunnan active block that accommodates the tectonic deformation associated with the eastward extrusion of the upper crust of the Tibetan Plateau. Based on 1 : 50 000 geological mapping of active faults, the Litang fault consists of three geometric segments, the Cuopuhu, Damaoyaba, and Litang segments, in the west of Litang, which are divided by the of Haizi Mountain uplift and the wide-angle bending and branching of the fault near Jinchanggou. This study also identifies the surface rupture of the A.D. 1890 earthquake, which is distributed intermittently along the ~28 km long Damaoyaba segments and ~25 km long Litang segments. The maximum horizontal displacement is 4.1 m along Damaoyaba segments, and 4 m along Litang segments. The rupture involves typical left-lateral shear movement. The two ruptures are divided by discontinuous segments or gaps that are ~18 km long;thus, the total surface rupture is approximately 71 km long. The estimated moment magnitude was M_(w)7.3±0.1. A comprehensive analysis of data obtained from 5 trenches excavated along the Damaoyaba and Litang segments and the trench data by Xu et al.(2005) identifies age constraints of the 4 most recent paleoseimic events occurred B.C. 1468±54–1340±25, B.C. 52±25–A.D. 76±47, A.D. 1115±90, and A.D. 1890, respectively. The recurrence intervals are 1 415±80, 1 104±104, and 775±90 a, which are consistent with quasi-periodic earthquake recurrence behavior. The average recurrence interval is 1 098±112 a.

关键词： Litang fault surface rupture active fault recurrence intervals paleoearthquake eastern Tibetan Plateau

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Spatial and Temporal Variations in Earthquake Stress Drops between the 2008 Wenchuan and 2013 Lushan Earthquakes

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第5期94卷 1635-1650页

作者： WU Weiwei LONG Feng liang mingjian WEI Yaling SUN Wei CHEN Xuefen ZHAO Jing Sichuan Earthquake Agency Chengdu 610000China

As a case study of spatial and temporal variations in earthquake stress drops between the 2008 Ms 8.0 Wenchuan and 2013 Ms 7.0 Lushan earthquakes,we computed 1828 stress-drop values for earthquakes with magnitudes 1.7≤ML≤5.0 during an eight-year time span before and after major *** divide the study area into three subregions(the southern segment of the Longmen Shan fault zone;the southwestern junction of the Longmen Shan and Sichuan Basin;and the southwestern margin of the Sichuan Basin)and calculate individual event stress drops in *** results show that regions of alternating high and low stress drop are found on either side of the southwestern segment of the Longmen Shan fault *** the two-year period after the 2008 Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake,the stress state of the southern Longmen Shan fault shows no significant change.A marked increase in stress level appears about 18 months before the 2013 Ms 7.0 Lushan earthquake near the Lushan hypocenter *** months after the Ms 7.0 event,the stress drops suddenly attenuate,with significantly less seismic energy release per *** find that changes in the patterns of high and low stress drop values are consistent with the process of stress accumulation or transfer from the pre-mainshock to postmainshock *** results indicate that major earthquakes are the dominant cause of temporal and spatial evolution in stress *** drop variations show obvious temporal and spatial patterns that may suggests subtle changes in the character of stress fields on faults and spatial variations related to local intense compression and tectonic effects.

关键词： stress drop temporal and spatial behaviour of stress drops Wenchuan earthquake Lushan earthquake

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Three dimensional velocity structure and accurate earthquake location in Changning–Gongxian area of southeast Sichuan

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第2期4卷 163-177页

作者： Feng Long ZhiWei Zhang YuPing Qi mingjian liang Xiang Ruan WeiWei Wu GuoMao Jiang LongQuan Zhou Seismological Bureau of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610041China College of Geophysics Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Emergency Administration of Yibin City Yibin Sichuan 644000China China Earthquake Networks Center Beijing 100045China

In order to understand the crustal structure and tectonic background of the Changning–Gongxiang area, southeastern Sichuan Province, where a series of moderate-to-strong earthquakes occurred in recent years, we utilized the seismic phase data both from a local dense array and from the regional seismic networks;we used the tomoDD program to invert for the high-resolution three-dimensional velocity structure within the depth range of 0–10 km and for accurate hypocentral locations in this area. We analyzed the seismogenic structures for the events of Xingwen M5.7 in 2018 and Gongxian M5.3 and Changning M6.0 in 2019. The results show that:(1) widespread lateral inhomogeneity exists in the velocity structure of the study area, and the location of the velocity anomaly is largely consistent with known structures. In the range of distinguishable depth, the inhomogeneity decreases with increasing depth, and the velocity structure anomalies in some areas are continuous in depth;(2) earthquakes occurred in clusters, showing the characteristics of zonal folding trends in the NW-SE and NE-SW directions;the focal depth in the area is generally shallow in both the sedimentary cap and the crystalline basement. The seismogenic structures of small earthquake clusters are different in size and occurrence in different sections, and the clusters occurred mostly in regions with high P-or S-wave velocities;(3) synthesis of a variety of data suggests that the seismogenic structures of the Xingwen M5.7 and Changning M6.0 earthquakes are associated with slip faults that trend NW-SE in, respectively, the south wing and the axis of the Changning–Shuanghe anticline, while that of the Gongxian M5.3 earthquake is associated with thrust faults that trend N-S in the Jianwu syncline region. The dynamic sources of the three earthquakes are all from the SE pushing of the Qinghai–Tibet block on the Sichuan basin;(4) the risk of future strong earthquakes in this area must be reevaluated in light of the

关键词： southeastern Sichuan Sichuan Basin three-dimensional velocity structure earthquake precise location

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A palaeoearthquake event and its age revealed by the travertine layer along the Litang fault in the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

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Earthquake Research Advances 2023年第3期3卷 53-62页

作者： Yao Yang mingjian liang Chao Ma Jun Li Hualiang Shen Fang Du Song Luo Shao Liu Xuelian Rui Sichuan Earthquake Agency Chengdu610041China College of Earth Sciences Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China Zhejiang Earthquake Agency Hangzhou310013China Chengdu Geological Survey Center China Geological SurveyChengdu610081China

The Litang fault(LTF),located in the southeast of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,is known for its high level of present-day seismicity,whereas its Pleistocene activity has been scarcely *** study focused on a tract of banded travertine deposits precipitated from thermal waters along the NW–SE-trending LTF *** role of travertine deposits in recording neotectonic activity has been studied by identifying their internal *** soft-sediment deformation structures observed within the banded travertines include micro folds,liquefied breccia,and liquefied *** deformed structures,which are restricted to a single unit separated unconformably by undeformed layers,can be traced for tens of meters,indicating that they were formed by seismic shaking triggered by LTF *** deformation of the banded travertine layers is attributed to the combined effects of seismic shaking,liquefaction,and fluidization,and it can be related to a paleo earthquake event with a magnitude of MS>*** U-series ages obtained from the banded travertine deposits perturbed by the earthquakes are in the range of 130.59–112.94 ka,indicating an important fault-assisted neotectonic activity that occurred during the Middle–Late *** of such structures,in combination with the use of U-series dating methods,can yield a reliable timing of neotectonic activity and provide new evidence for under-standing the seismotectonic setting of the Litang area.

关键词： Travertine Paleoearthquake Soft-sediment deformation U-series dating Litang fault

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Seismic Risk Assessment and Maximum Magnitudes of Potential Earthquakes on Active Faults near Lanzhou City

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Earthquake Research in China 2009年第3期23卷 319-327页

作者： liang mingjian Yuan Daoyang Liu Baiehi Lei Zhongsheng Earthquake Administration of Siehuan Province Chengdu 610041 China Lanzhou Institute of Seismology CEALanzhou 730000China Lanzhou Base of Institute of Earthquake Science CEA Lanzhou 730000 China

The Zhuanglang river and Baiyin Baiyangshu river faults are late Quaternary faults near Lanzhou city, which pose a threat to the safety of the city. However, the cause of medium- strong earthquakes along the fault is rather complicated and even uncertain. It is important for us how to assess the magnitudes of maximum potential earthquakes and the seismic risk of the faults. The authors make reference to the method that Wen Xueze, et ai. （2007） developed to assess the magnitudes of maximum potential earthquakes in sub-areas of moderately and weakly active faults in the eastern Chinese Mainland, and brought forward an empirical relationship between the maximum magnitudes Mmax and the at/b values of the sub-areas＇ frequency- magnitude relationships in the Lanzhou area. By using this empirical relationship, the authors have estimated the upper-limits Mu of the Zhuanglang river and Baiyin Baiyangshu river active faults near Lanzhou city as Ms6.9 and 6.3, respectively. In addition, they have assessed the average interval recurrence time and the probabilities of destructive earthquakes on the faults.

关键词： Maximum magnitude of potential earthquake Frequency-magnitude relationship Assessment of earthquake risk Active faults near Lanzhou city

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Textual Research on the July 7,1590 A. D. Southeastern Yongjing Earthquake in Gansu Province

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Earthquake Research in China 2009年第1期23卷 87-95页

作者： Yuan Daoyang Lei Zhongsheng Zhang Junling Ge Weipeng Liu Xingwang LiuBaichi liang mingjian Lanzhou Institute of Seismology CEA Lanzhou 730000 China Lanzhou Base of Institute of Earthquake .Science. CEA Lanzhou 730000 China

According to historical records,in July of 1590 A.D.,a destructive earthquake occurred near Lintao county in Gansu Province,in which "… city walls and houses collapsed,and countless people and domestic animals were killed".In the same month,Binggou town in eastern Qinghai Province(now northeastern Ledu county),was also damaged by an *** two earthquakes were listed as two different cases in the published earthquake catalogues,recorded separately as the Lintao M_S5.5 earthquake with epicentral intensity Ⅶ in Gansu Province and the Ledu M_S5.0 earthquake with epicentral intensity Ⅵ in Qinghai ***,based on comprehensive analysis of research on historical records and field investigations,it is concluded in this paper that these two earthquakes could be the same one with magnitude 6.5 and epicentral intensity Ⅷ～Ⅸ.Its epicenter was in the Maxian Mt.,which is located in southeastern Yongjing and its seismogenic structure might be the mid-western segments of the north fringe fault zone of Maxian *** Lanzhou.

关键词： 1590 A.D. southeastern Yongjing earthquake Historical earthquake research Seismogenic structure The north fringe fault zone of Maxian Mt.

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滇西南地区龙陵—澜沧断裂带地震危险性评价

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地震学报 2015年第6期37卷 1011-1023,2页

作者：邵延秀袁道阳梁明剑中国地震局兰州地震研究所中国兰州730000 兰州地球物理国家野外科学观测研究站中国兰州730000 四川省地震局中国成都610041

龙陵—澜沧新生地震断裂带位于地震活动强烈的滇西南地区,该地区历史上曾发生多次MS≥7.0大地震,已知的历史地震破裂几乎覆盖了整条断裂带.本文首先对滇西南地区主要断裂的最新构造活动特征进行分析;然后通过该区域地震活动b值图像的空... 详细信息

龙陵—澜沧新生地震断裂带位于地震活动强烈的滇西南地区,该地区历史上曾发生多次MS≥7.0大地震,已知的历史地震破裂几乎覆盖了整条断裂带.本文首先对滇西南地区主要断裂的最新构造活动特征进行分析;然后通过该区域地震活动b值图像的空间扫描计算,圈定出高应力集中区,并结合历史地震和现今小震的分布情况以及晚第四纪以来断裂的活动强度、古地震最晚离逝时间等定量参数,综合分析龙陵—澜沧断裂带的未来大震危险性;最后基于地震空区理论,识别该断裂带存在的地震空区.研究结果表明,龙陵—澜沧断裂带内的龙陵、永德、沧源、澜沧及孟连断裂中东段在未来10年内均存在发生中强以上地震的危险性,应引起关注.

关键词：龙陵—澜沧断裂带 b值地震空区地震危险性

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白龙江流域构造地貌特征及其对滑坡泥石流灾害的控制作用

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地球科学（中国地质大学学报） 2016年第10期41卷 1758-1770页

作者：苏琦梁明剑袁道阳谢虹吴赵中国地震局兰州地震研究所甘肃兰州730000 四川省地震局四川成都610000 兰州地球物理国家野外科学观测研究站甘肃兰州730000

活动构造是影响地质灾害发生的主要因素之一.利用SRTM-3数字高程模型(digital elevation model,简称DEM)数据,基于ArcGIS空间分析技术及Matlab程序脚本系统提取白龙江流域宏观地貌信息、拟合流域内部7个4级亚流域的S-A图解,并结合流域... 详细信息

活动构造是影响地质灾害发生的主要因素之一.利用SRTM-3数字高程模型(digital elevation model,简称DEM)数据,基于ArcGIS空间分析技术及Matlab程序脚本系统提取白龙江流域宏观地貌信息、拟合流域内部7个4级亚流域的S-A图解,并结合流域内部新构造特征、活动断裂分布、岩性展布特征以及降水条件等系统分析了白龙江流域滑坡泥石流地质灾害发育的控制因素.其中,S-A拟合图形上凸者代表流域内物质的输出量大于输入量,反之,S-A拟合图形下凹者代表流域内物质的输出量小于输入量,而物质输入表现为山体隆升,较大的物质输出量具体表现形式即为突发事件形成的滑坡、泥石流灾害;另外区域构造运动控制下的强烈褶皱破碎甚至糜棱化或半糜棱化岩层分布也是地质灾害发生必不可少的条件.受上述因素综合影响,本区地质灾害通常发生在高程突变、起伏度与切割深度大的高坡度分布区,而由于区域差异隆升所形成的不同的亚流域地貌形态则控制了地质灾害高发区,即物质输出量大于输入量的亚流域内部滑坡泥石流等地质灾害频繁,而输入量大于输出量的亚流域内部并无明显地质灾害分布点.

关键词：白龙江地质灾害地貌河流水力侵蚀模型

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四川盆地荣县—威远—资中地区发震构造几何结构与构造变形特征:基于震源机制解的认识和启示

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地球物理学报 2020年第9期63卷 3275-3291,I0001页

作者：易桂喜龙锋梁明剑赵敏王思维四川省地震局成都610041

四川盆地荣县—威远—资中地区属于历史弱震区,然而2019年相继发生多次破坏性地震事件.本文基于四川区域地震台网宽频带地震仪记录波形资料,利用CAP(Cut and Paste)波形反演方法,获得了2016年以来发生在荣县—威远—资中地区的26个M S≥... 详细信息

四川盆地荣县—威远—资中地区属于历史弱震区,然而2019年相继发生多次破坏性地震事件.本文基于四川区域地震台网宽频带地震仪记录波形资料,利用CAP(Cut and Paste)波形反演方法,获得了2016年以来发生在荣县—威远—资中地区的26个M S≥3.0地震的震源机制解、震源矩心深度和矩震级,对该区域发震构造几何结构与变形特征及构造应力场特征进行了初步分析.主要获得如下认识:(1)26个M S≥3.0地震的震源矩心深度在1.5~5 km之间,平均深度3.4 km,表明事件发生在上地壳浅部沉积层内;震源深度分布揭示发震断层面倾向SE、缓倾角.(2)26个地震的震源机制全部为逆冲型,表明发震构造整体为逆断层性质.节面优势方位NNE-NE,结合走向与倾角统计结果,本文推测发震构造可能为威远背斜南翼一系列倾向SE、走向NNE-NE的缓倾角盲冲断层.(3)P、T、B轴优势方位单一,表明研究区域处于相对简单的构造应力环境.区域应力场反演获得的最大主压应力轴σ1方位NW-SE,近水平,与目前已知的该区域构造应力场水平主压应力方向一致,反映区内构造活动主要受区域构造应力场控制;其明显有别于四川盆地南缘2019年6月17日长宁M S6.0地震余震区NE-SW向的最大主压应力轴方位也揭示出四川盆地构造应力场具有明显的分区特征.(4)26个地震整体的应变花表现为NW-SE向挤压白瓣形态,表明区内发震构造整体呈NW-SE向纯挤压变形模式,明显有别于2019年长宁M S6.0地震序列NE-SW向挤压兼具小量NW-SE向拉张分量的构造变形模式,进一步表明四川盆地构造变形模式也具有明显的分区特征.

关键词：荣县—威远—资中地区震源机制发震构造构造应力场构造变形模式

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基于Openness可视化参数的二维地貌显示

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国土资源遥感 2015年第3期27卷 172-176页

作者：张洁梁明剑邵延秀中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院武汉430074 中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心南京210016 四川省地震局成都610041 中国地震局兰州地震研究所兰州730000

Openness是一种二维地貌的可视化参数,不受光源设置和邻近地形遮蔽的影响,更强调地形的凹凸,使得直观的立体感更强。该参数不仅可以从多种来源的DEM数据计算获取,也可以用于不同精细程度的地貌分析。闽江入海口地区具有丰富的构造地貌类... 详细信息

Openness是一种二维地貌的可视化参数,不受光源设置和邻近地形遮蔽的影响,更强调地形的凹凸,使得直观的立体感更强。该参数不仅可以从多种来源的DEM数据计算获取,也可以用于不同精细程度的地貌分析。闽江入海口地区具有丰富的构造地貌类型,基于SRTM(90 m)高程数据计算该地区的Openness参数,探讨该参数在地形地貌方面的初步应用。通过闽江入海口地区构造地貌的分析结果表明,Openness参数方法比传统的地形晕渲等常用二维可视化方法编制的图件效果更好,更强调地形的凹凸感,能够更详细地反映实际地形地貌的细节。

关键词： Openness参数地形地貌闽江入海口

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