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Effects of organic fertilizers produced using different techniques on rice grain yield and ammonia volatilization in double-cropping rice fields

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 110-120页

作者： mingcheng HU Andrew JWADE Weishou SHEN Zhenfang ZHONG Chongwen QIU Xiangui LIN Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technologyand School of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ReadingReading RG65DWUK Haina Research Institute of Guangdong Haina Agricultural Co. Ltd.Huizhou 516000China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Ammonia(NH_(3)) volatilization from rice fields contributes to poor air quality and indicates low nitrogen use efficiency. Although organic fertilizers can meet the nitrogen requirement for rice growth, the simultaneous effects of organic fertilizers on NH_(3) volatilization and rice yield in paddy fields are poorly understood and quantified. To address this gap in our knowledge, experimental field plots were established in a conventional double-cropping paddy field in the Pearl River Delta region, southern China. Five fertilizer treatments were used besides the control with no fertilizer: fresh organic fertilizer, successively composted organic fertilizer, chemically composted organic fertilizer, mixture of chemically composted organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer. Ammonia volatilization was measured using a batch-type airflow enclosure method. No significant differences in grain yield were observed among organic and chemical fertilizer treatments. However, compared with chemical fertilizer, chemically composted organic fertilizer and successively composted organic fertilizer significantly decreased total NH_(3) volatilization by 70% and 68%, respectively. The ammonium-nitrogen concentration in field surface water correlated strongly(P < 0.01) and positively with NH_(3) volatilization across fertilization treatments. Our findings demonstrate that chemically composted organic fertilizer can sustain rice yield while reducing NH_(3) volatilization. An important future step is to promote these field measurements to similar rice cultivation areas to quantify the regional-and national-scale impact on air quality and nitrogen deposition in sensitive areas, and to design and implement better fertilizer management practices.

关键词： air quality crop production manure NH_(3)emission nitrogen use efficiency

Effects of different organic fertilizers on nitrous oxide and methane emissions from double-cropping rice fields

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 52-62页

作者： mingcheng HU Andrew J.WADE Weishou SHEN Zhenfang ZHONG Chongwen QIU Xiangui LIN Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ReadingReading RG66 DWUK Haina Research Institute of Guangdong Haina Agricultural Co. Ltd.Huizhou 516000China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Rice fields are a major source of greenhouse gases,such as nitrous oxide (N_(2.O) and methane (CH_(4)).Organic fertilizers may potentially replace inorganic fertilizers to meet the nitrogen requirement for rice growth;however,the simultaneous effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2.O and CH_(4)emissions and crop yield in paddy fields remain poorly understood and *** this study,experimental plots were established in conventional double-cropping paddy fields in the Pearl River Delta,China,including an unfertilized control and five fertilizer treatments with fresh organic fertilizer (FOF),successively composted organic fertilizer (SOF),chemically composted organic fertilizer (COF),COF supplemented with inorganic fertilizer (COIF),and chemical fertilizers (CFs)(TFOF,TSOF,TCOF,TCOIF,and TCF,respectively).Paddy field soils behaved simultaneously as an N_(2.O sink (cumulative N_(2.O emission:-196 to-381 g N ha^(-1)) and as a CH_(4)source (cumulative CH_(4)emission:719 to 2.178 kg ha^(-1)).Compared to CFs,the effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2.O emission were not *** contrast,total annual CH_(4)emission increased by 157%,132.,12.%,and 37%in TFOF,TCOF,TSOF,and TCOIF,respectively,compared to *** TCOIF,rice yield was maintained,while CH_(4)emission was not significantly increased from the paddy fields characterized by a prolonged flood *** important next step is to extend these field-based measurements to larger rice cultivation areas to quantify the regional and national-scale impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and to help determine the optimum practice for fertilizer use.

关键词： crop production global warming potential greenhouse gases manure paddy sustainable agriculture

Valence electronic engineering of superhydrophilic Dy-evoked Ni-MOF outperforming RuO_(2. for highly efficient electrocatalytic oxygen evolution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 244-252,I0007页

作者： Zhiyang Huang Miao Liao Shifan Zhang Lixia Wang mingcheng Gao Zuyang Luo Tayirjan Taylor Isimjan Bao Wang Xiulin Yang Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal UniversityGulin 541004GuangxiChina State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation(SABIC)at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Tackling the problem of poor conductivity and catalytic stability of pristine metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) is crucial to improve their oxygen evolution reaction(OER) ***,we introduce a novel strategy of dysprosium(Dy) doping,using the unique 4f orbitals of this rare earth element to enhance electrocatalytic activity of *** method involves constructing Dy-doped Ni-MOF(Dy@Ni-MOF) nanoneedles on carbon cloth via a Dy-induced valence electronic perturbation *** and density functional theory(DFT) calculations reveal that Dy doping can effectively modify the electronic structure of the Ni active centers and foster a strong electronic interaction between Ni and *** resulting benefits include a reduced work function and a closer proximity of the d-band center to the Fermi level,which is conducive to improving electrical conductivity and promoting the adsorption of oxygen-containing ***,the Dy@Ni-MOF achieves superhydrophilicity,ensuring effective electrolyte contact and thus accelerating reaction kinetics,Ex-situ and in-situ analysis results manifest Dy_(2.O_(3)/NiOOH as the actual active ***,Dy@Ni-MOF shows impressive OER performance,significantly surpassing ***,the overall water splitting device with Dy@NiMOF as an anode delivers a low cell voltage of 1.51 V at 10 mA cm^(-2. and demonstrates long-term stability for 100 h,positioning it as a promising substitute for precious metal catalysts.

关键词： Dy@Ni-MOF Dy incorporation Electronic interaction Superhydrophilicity Oxygen evolution reaction

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多措并举标本兼治有力有效做好基督教工作

中国宗教 2024年第5期 33-34页

作者： 1.中共山东省委统战部 2.山东省民宗委中共山东省委统战部山东省民宗委

近年来,山东省结合实际,采取有力举措,扎实做好基督教工作,有效推进基督教中国化山东实践,全省基督教领域呈现出和谐稳定的良好局面。一、严格落实宗教工作责任制,着力构建齐抓共管的宗教事务管理格局山东严格落实各级各部门宗教工作责... 详细信息

近年来,山东省结合实际,采取有力举措,扎实做好基督教工作,有效推进基督教中国化山东实践,全省基督教领域呈现出和谐稳定的良好局面。一、严格落实宗教工作责任制,着力构建齐抓共管的宗教事务管理格局山东严格落实各级各部门宗教工作责任制,通过强化组织保障“小切口”,推动基层宗教事务管理“大文章”。一是压实主体责任。将宗教工作纳入各级党委重要议事日程,构建起各级党委齐抓共管的工作体制。

关键词：基督教中国化齐抓共管宗教事务管理主体责任工作责任制和谐稳定严格落实标本兼治

Preface to the special topic on active matter

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National Science Open 2024年第4期3卷 4-6页

作者： Ran Ni mingcheng Yang H.P.Zhang School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637459Singapore Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physics and Astronomy Institute of Natural Sciences and MOE-LSCShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Active matter refers to systems composed of individual units that consume locally stored energy to generate mechanical *** of active matter include biological entities such as schools of fish,flocks of birds,bacterial colonies,and synthetic systems such as self-propelled colloidal particles and engineered *** study of active matter seeks to provide understanding for complex behaviors and emergent phenomena arising from interactions of these energy-consuming units,with implications for fields ranging from physics and biology to materials science and robotics.

关键词： consuming active Active

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永恒的丰碑：“大陈岛垦荒红色档案”建设侧记

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浙江档案 2024年第5期 10-11+16页

作者： 1.台州市档案馆 2.台州市椒江区档案馆台州市档案馆台州市椒江区档案馆

在台州市椒江区档案馆的特藏馆内，挂着一幅由团中央在1956年赠给温州青年志愿垦荒队的旗帜“建设伟大祖国的大陈岛”，这面旗帜承载着一件件珍贵的档案史料和一个个生动的历史场景，大陈岛激情燃烧的垦荒史、波澜壮阔的发展史，宛如画...

在台州市椒江区档案馆的特藏馆内，挂着一幅由团中央在1956年赠给温州青年志愿垦荒队的旗帜“建设伟大祖国的大陈岛”，这面旗帜承载着一件件珍贵的档案史料和一个个生动的历史场景，大陈岛激情燃烧的垦荒史、波澜壮阔的发展史，宛如画卷般展现在眼前。“大陈岛垦荒精神”是台州的城市精神，是这座城市发展生生不息的力量源泉。1956年到1960年，温州、台州两地467名青年陆续上岛支援建设，他们卷起裤管，咬紧牙关，用血和汗锻炼成了一个个生产能手，在荒岛上发展出种植业、畜牧业和海洋养殖业。一代垦荒人用青春和汗水孕育了“艰苦创业、奋发图强、无私奉献、开拓创新”

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上海国资 2024年第4期 9-10页

作者： 1.新华社 2.国家数据局新华社国家数据局

国务院国资委全面深化改革领导小组召开2.2.年第一次全体会议2.2.年3月2.日，国务院国资委全面深化改革领导小组召开2.2.年第一次全体会议。会议指出，今年是深入实施国有企业改革深化提升行动承上启下的关键一年，要聚焦重点难点任务...

国务院国资委全面深化改革领导小组召开2.2.年第一次全体会议2.2.年3月2.日，国务院国资委全面深化改革领导小组召开2.2.年第一次全体会议。会议指出，今年是深入实施国有企业改革深化提升行动承上启下的关键一年，要聚焦重点难点任务全力攻坚，紧盯重点任务和关键时点，全力以赴抓好各项任务落实。

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来源：博看期刊

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中国免签的“朋友圈”持续扩容

重庆与世界 2024年第6期 38-43页

作者： 1.中国领事服务网 2.新华网中国领事服务网新华网

今年以来，中国与巴勒斯坦、新加坡、泰国、安提瓜和巴布达等国签署的互免签证协定相继生效，中国对外单方面免签和互免签证的力度越来越大。外交部发言人表示，中国免签的“朋友圈”持续扩容，与越来越多国家正式迈入“免签时代”，其...

今年以来，中国与巴勒斯坦、新加坡、泰国、安提瓜和巴布达等国签署的互免签证协定相继生效，中国对外单方面免签和互免签证的力度越来越大。外交部发言人表示，中国免签的“朋友圈”持续扩容，与越来越多国家正式迈入“免签时代”，其积极效应正在不断显现。截至5月10日，中国已与157个国家缔结涵盖不同护照的互免签证协定；与44个国家达成简化签证手续协定或安排；与2.个国家实现全面互免签证；还有60多个国家和地区给予中国公民免签或落地签证便利。

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Controllable shaping of high-index dielectric nanoparticles by exploiting the giant optical force of femtosecond laser pulses

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Photonics Research 2024年第2期12卷 282-291页

作者： YUHENG MAO SHUWEN BAI mingcheng PANMAI LIDAN ZHOU SHIMEI LIU SHULEI LI HAIYING LIU HAIHUA FAN JUN DAI SHENG LAN Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Shenzhen Institute of Terahertz Technology and Innovation Shenzhen 518102China State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Electronics and Information TechnologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Optoelectronic Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510665China

Nanoparticles made of different materials usually support optical resonances in the visible to near infrared spectral range,such as the localized surface plasmons observed in metallic nanoparticles and the Mie resonances observed in dielectric *** optical resonances,which are important for practical applications,depend strongly on the morphologies of *** irradiation is a simple but effective way to modify such optical resonances through the change in the morphology of a *** laser-induced shaping of metallic nanoparticles has been successfully demonstrated,it remains a big challenge for dielectric nanoparticles due to their larger Young’s modulus and smaller thermal ***,we proposed and demonstrated a strategy for realizing controllable shaping of high-index dielectric nanoparticles by exploiting the giant optical force induced by femtosecond laser *** was found that both Si and Ge nanoparticles can be lit up by resonantly exciting the optical resonances with femtosecond laser pulses,leading to the luminescence burst when the laser power exceeds a *** addition,the morphologies of Si and Ge nanoparticles can be modified by utilizing the giant absorption force exerted on them and the reduced Young’s modulus at high *** shape transformation from sphere to ellipsoid can be realized by laser irradiation,leading to the blueshifts of the optical *** was found that Si and Ge nanoparticles were generally elongated along the direction parallel to the polarization of the laser *** shaping of Si and Ge can be achieved by deliberately adjusting the excitation wavelength and the laser *** findings are helpful for understanding the giant absorption force of femtosecond laser light and are useful for designing nanoscale photonic devices based on shaped highindex nanoparticles.

关键词： optical polarization dielectric