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A preliminary molecular historical biogeography of Caragana (Leguminosae) based on ITS and trnL-F DNA sequence data

Journal of arid Land 2009年第1期1卷 64-73页

作者： mingli zhang1,2. yun kang3 ,{2., xinjiang institute of ecology and geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, urumqi 830011, china 2.institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, china 3 School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 2.0032. china 4 Kunming institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 6502.4, china Chinese Acad Sci Lab Evolut & Biodivers Conservat Arid Reg Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog Urumqi 830011 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Bot Beijing 100093 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Sch Pharm Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Kunming Inst Bot Kunming 650204 Peoples R China

The nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cpDNA trnL-F internal spacer (IGS) sequence data of Caragana eight species and one outgroup Halimodendron halodendron, was employed to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree, then the area relationship was analyzed by means of component analysis (CA), Brooks parsimony analysis (BPA), and dispersal-vicariance analysis (DIVA), six areas were selected from two divided distributions of East Asia and Tethys in Caragana. The phylogenetic tree indicated that there were three distinctive groups, which were attributed to some morphological characters, first with pinnate foliage and deciduous rachis, second with palmate foliage and persistent sclerotic stick rachis, and third with pinnate foliage and persistent sclerotic stick rachis. The results of CA and BPA illustrated general area relationships. An explicit area relationship should be Altai-Sayan, Far East NE china and North china (Hengduan Mountains). DIVA recognized several explanatory vicariance and dispersal events. As the scenario of Caragana distribution pattern, it looks like the vicariance versus dispersal plays more important role. In vicaraince, there are not only the isolated far-distance vicariance, but also the adjacent vicariance especially a vicariance between Hengduan Mountains and North china.

关键词： Caragana ITS trnL-F phylogeny cladistic biogeography DIVA distribution pattern

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Phylogenetic Origin of Phyllolobium with a Further Implication for Diversification of Astragalus in china

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第9期51卷 889-899页

作者： mingli zhang {2. {2. Lihua Zhou Dietrich Podlech laboratory of evolution and {2. conservation in Add region Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography the Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China pharmacy School Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China Department of Botany California Academy of Sciences San Francisco CA 94118-4503 USA Faculty of Biology Munich University Munich D-80336 Germany

Astragalus is a species-rich genus occurring in the western arid habitats in china and its diversification and infrageneric relationships in this {2. remain unclear. In the present study, based on molecular data, we aim to （i） test whether Phyllolobium （previously treated as a subgenus Pogonophace in Astragalus） should be warranted; and （ii） date the origin of Phyllolobium and probable diversification of Astragalus sensu stricto （s.s.）. We sequenced five species from Phyllolobium first and collected all related sequences from the genus, Astragalus s.s and their close relatives （Oxytropis and Caragana etc.）. Our phylogenetic analyses suggested that all species of Phyllolobium comprise a monophyletic sister-group to genera of the subtribe Coluteinae. Molecular dating suggested that Phyllolobium and Astragalus s.s. originated around 8 and 10 million years ago. These two estimates are highly consistent with the intense uplifts of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau inferred from geological evidence. In addition, one section of Pogonophace （Sect. Robusti） was estimated to originate 2.5 million years ago and this section with a tendency for dry habitats seems to be evidence of Asian intensified aridity resulting from the intense uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Astragalus dating distribution pattern diversification Phyllolobium phylogeny Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau Sino-Himalayan flora.

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